Su Shi? Song dynasty
There is Du in Shu, with excellent calligraphy and painting. There is also Dai Song's "Bull" Axis, which is particularly popular. It is covered with precious stones, and it is often followed by itself.
One day when the calligraphy and painting were exposed, a shepherd boy saw it and clapped his hands and said with a smile, "This painting is also a bullfight. In a bull fight, the force is in a dead corner, and the tail is sandwiched between two stocks. It is wrong to fight now with your tail between your legs. " Chu Shi laughed it off. There is an old saying: "Ask slaves for farming and maids for weaving." Can't be changed.
Translation and annotation
translate
There is a man named in Shu who likes painting and calligraphy and has a collection of hundreds of paintings and calligraphy. Among them, Dai Song painted a picture of a bullfight, and he liked it very much, so he used brocade as the cover of the picture, decorated the scroll with jade, and always carried it with him.
One day, he was drying calligraphy and painting. A shepherd boy saw this painting, clapped his hands and laughed, and said, "Is this painting a bullfight?" When the cows are fighting with each other, their strength is spent on their horns and their tails are sandwiched between their hind legs, but this painting shows the cows wagging their tails and fighting with each other, which is not right. "Du smiled and thought the shepherd boy was right. The ancients said, "The tiller asks the farmer, and the weaver asks the maid. "This truth is the same.
To annotate ...
Dai Song: A painter in the Tang Dynasty, who is good at drawing cows, has a picture of bullfighting.
Zhong Shu: Sichuan. Dr du Chu (chǔ): unknown. Su Shi has Du Zhuan, which is the homonym of many medicine names. "Chu Shi" originally refers to talents who live in seclusion and are not officials, and later refers to scholars who are not officials. Xunzi is not twelve sons: "In ancient times, the so-called Chu Shi was also virtuous."
Hao: Yes, hobbies.
Treasure: something that is cherished. Treasure. Treasure. Quantity (shǔ): After counting, we can calculate.
One axis: one picture.
Brocade Axis: Brocade is the sleeve for painting, and jade is the axis for decoration. Sack, bag, here refers to painting the cover.
Always Follow Yourself: There is no such sentence in Dongpo Zhi Lin Volume 9 (12). Take it with you.
Exposure (pù): exposure to the sun.
Clap your hands: body language when clapping and laughing.
Yeah: one is "yeah".
Bullfighting (dòu): Cattle fight with each other.
Force in the corner (Ji m ℉ o): Force is applied in the corner.
The tail is sandwiched between two strands: the tail is tightly sandwiched between the legs. Chug, twitch, here refers to forced clamping or retraction. Thigh, thigh.
Drop tail: wag your tail. Put it down and shake it. Eleven years of Zuo Zhao's official career: "The tail is too big to drop."
Mi Wei: Wrong. Absurd, wrong, wrong.
However: I think the shepherd boy is right.
There is an old saying: Dongpo Zhi Lin Volume 9 (12) has an old saying.
Ask the slave when working, and ask the maid when weaving (b): It is a metaphor to ask an experienced person when doing things. "Book of Wei, Volume 65, Biography 53": "As the saying goes,' Farming asks serfs, while silks ask Weavers. " "
Make an appreciative comment
The first sentence of this paper points out Du Fu's love and rich collection of calligraphy and painting, and then points out that "Ox Axis" is a special treasure of Du Fu, and writes the position of this painting in Du Fu's mind concisely and vividly with the words "smooth axe". Then get down to business. When writing Du Fu's hanging painting, a shepherd boy "clapped his hands and laughed" at such a rare treasure, and pointed out the mistake in the painting-"broken tail fighting". With the unique innocence and familiarity with life of the shepherd boy, on the one hand, the reason for the mistake is explained-"the power of bullfighting lies in the horn, and the tail is dragged into two strands"; On the other hand, through "Is this painting a bullfight?" The positive conclusion of "one question and one fallacy" shows the theme of the full text in a teasing way, which makes Du have to "laugh it off". Finally, to quote an old saying, "Ask the slaves when you farm, and ask the maids when you weave." It further reveals the truth that practice makes true knowledge. Although there are only a few words in the full text, the innocence of the shepherd boy and the open-mindedness of Chu Shi are vivid, concise and interesting.
This paper points out the mistake of Dai Song, a great painter, who painted a cow through a shepherd boy, and clearly shows that the truth of true knowledge comes from practice, which is simple and intriguing. At the same time, using fable method, the truth of "practice makes true knowledge" is contained in a seemingly ordinary story, which is thought-provoking.
Artistic, this article has the following characteristics:
First of all, the story is concise and vivid. There are not many words in the full text, but it can capture people's hearts. First, write Du Zang's "Niu Yi Axis", which is one in a hundred, beautifully framed and carried with you, so that the painting is carried very high, but it falls heavily when it is carried high; Then, the shepherd boy, who is very familiar with cows, saw the flaw of the famous painting at a glance and pointed out its distortion and fallacy. The value of the famous painting plummeted and lost its luster. The contrast before and after is very different, which makes people feel moved, sorry, ridiculous and regretful.
Secondly, this paper uses the language form of characters to express their images. The shepherd boy saw this famous picture of a cow and asked without thinking, "Is this picture a bullfight?" By asking questions, it is pointed out that this painting is a "bullfighting picture". Because the shepherd boy is familiar with the cow's habits and knows the position of the cow's tail during the "bullfight", he went on to say: "The bull is fighting between the horn and the tail, and its tail twitches." The "bullfighting" in the painting is not, which is not in line with the normal state of "bullfighting" and violates the reality of life. Therefore, the shepherd boy broke a sentence and clearly pointed out: "It is wrong to lose your tail and fight now!" This is what experts say, and people in other industries can't say it. On the point of "knowing the cow", the image of a shepherd boy who is higher than the painter is vividly on the paper. Different characters have different languages. It is a common way to express characters in one's own language. This paper can show the prototype of the novel in this way, which can be said to be the bud of the novel. Perhaps it is necessary to regard this kind of essays as ancient "mini-novels". The same is true of modality. Through the description of the characters' modality, the characters' images can be naturally expressed. For example, the two kinds of smiles in the article, namely "Clap your hands and laugh" and "Chu Shi laugh", have different contents: the former sentence "Clap your hands and laugh" is that the shepherd boy laughs at the painter's distortion, and he is proud that he can point out his absurdity; With that, Du's "smile" barely smiled. The famous painting he cherished was pointed out by the shepherd boy, whose words were right and could not be refuted. Du had to agree with a smile.
Finally, this paper quotes an old saying, "plowing asks slaves, weaving asks maids." The quotation is just right and plays a great role in the article: First, get to the point. "Ask the slave when you farm, and ask the maid when you weave." It means "ask the shepherd boy when painting a cow", fully affirming that the shepherd boy is familiar with life and appropriately criticizing famous paintings. At the end of the article, the author points out the topic by quoting classics, which not only highlights the theme, but also sublimates it, which is of universal significance. Second, the end. Quoting the end of the old saying is memorable and memorable. Third, fine the police. The old saying quoted in this paper, with the word * * *, can be said to be a beautiful "epigram", which is much more concise and vivid than the author's own words, thus saving words and achieving much better results.
arouse
Tell us: observe things carefully, don't imagine them out of thin air Don't be superstitious about authority, start from objective facts and ask for help because of things. Everyone has his own specialty.
Creation background
This article was written in the first year of Xining (A.D. 1068), and Su Shi returned to Shu because of his father's death. It is said that the writing time of this article is unknown, which may have been written by Su Shi when he was a bachelor of Hanlin in the capital during the Yuan You period.
Brief introduction of the author
Su Shi, (1037 65438+10.8-165438+August 24, 0),No. Zizhan, He Zhong, a famous Taoist of tin cans, Dongpo Jushi,No. Su Dongpo, Su Xian, Han nationality, Meishan, Meizhou (Sichuan Su Shi was a literary leader in the mid-Northern Song Dynasty, and made great achievements in poetry, ci, writing, calligraphy and painting. Vertical and horizontal text; Poetry has a wide range of themes, fresh and healthy, uses exaggerated metaphors and has a unique style. Also known as "Su Huang" with Huang Tingjian. Ci is an uninhibited school, and Xin Qiji is the representative of the uninhibited school, also known as "Su Xin"; Prose writing is rich and unrestrained, and he is also called "Ou Su" with Ouyang Xiu, and is one of the "Eight Masters in Tang and Song Dynasties". Su Shi's good book, one of Song Sijia; He is good at literati painting, especially ink bamboo, strange stones and dead wood. Together with Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan and Ouyang Xiu, they are also called "the four great writers of the ages". His works include Seven Chapters of Dongpo, Dongpo Yi Zhuan, Dongpo Yuefu, Xiaoxiang Bamboo Stone Atlas, Ancient Wood and Strange Stone Atlas, etc.