Two Ancient Poems
1. Brief Introduction to the Teaching Materials
On the morning after the rain, I woke up from a sweet sleep, opened the window, and jumped in not only Not only is the fresh air, but also the crisp chirping of birds, the faint fragrance of flowers, and the strong sense of spring. The falling petals are regrettable; the green leaves of the grass soaked by the spring rain are exciting. The moist fallen flowers and the fresh green leaves seemed to bring last night's spring breeze and spring rain to the window again.
"Spring Dawn" shows us a spring scene in the morning after the rain. It seems plain, but it has endless charm. Instead of writing about the blooming flowers or the intoxicating fragrance, I only used a few strokes to vividly outline the strong spring feeling that I felt in an inadvertent moment. The poet rejoices in spring but cherishes spring, and uses cherishing spring as a foil to love spring. His words are simple and meaningful, and his feelings are sincere. From the "sound of wind and rain at night", we can fully imagine the brilliant spring scenery of singing and dancing birds and hundreds of flowers blooming.
Gao Ding's "Village Dwelling" is a different scene and a different mood. The flowers and plants are luxuriant, the orioles are singing thousands of miles away, and the willows are blowing in the spring breeze, which is intoxicating. Children return from school, in small groups, flying kites in the spring breeze, flying joy and hope. Good times and beautiful scenery coupled with a happy life, how full of interest; great spring scenery coupled with a handsome young man, how far-reaching the artistic conception is.
2. Learning objectives
1. Recognize 13 new words such as "ancient, poetry". Can write 6 characters including "古,声".
2. Read ancient poems correctly and fluently. Recite ancient poems.
3. Teaching suggestions
(1) Literacy and writing
1. Presentation of new words.
(1) Reveal subject literacy. In "Two Ancient Poems", "gu, poem, first" is a new word, and in the second ancient poem "Village Residence", "村,ju" is also a new word. Therefore, it can guide the recognition and reading of five new words in the process of revealing and understanding the topic. You can first give a brief explanation of "ancient poems", then briefly understand "first" by combining "a few songs", "a few children's songs", etc., and finally show the titles of two ancient poems.
(2) Read ancient poems and learn calligraphy by yourself. Read ancient poems by yourself with the help of Pinyin and recognize the new words in the poems.
(3) Show the new words in the new notes to guide understanding.
2. Memorization of new words.
(1) Pay attention to the correct reading of the initial consonants of "Shi, Shu, Chu" and "村, Zui, San".
(2) Guide students to memorize new characters based on the relationship between old and new characters, using methods such as "add one plus", "subtract one minus", "change one" and "change one". For example:
From - first house - ancient reading - poem pair - tree - village sleep - sleep
flash - ask - room - smell the house - stay awake - drunken kiss - Tongwai —at
3. Literacy consolidation.
(1) Use courseware or vocabulary cards to consolidate reading.
(2) Read words to consolidate the recognition and memorization of new words. For example:
Two ancient poems, one children's song, hibernating and seeing things everywhere
Rural residence, fireworks and fairy tale walk
(3) Consolidate the vocabulary of new words in the process of reading and memorizing ancient poems Know and remember.
4. Writing guidance.
The six characters to be written in this lesson each have their own characteristics and can be guided one by one. The word "古" should be long and convex; the word "sheng" should be written with the word "shi" on it, not the word "tu", so it should be written with a long top and a short bottom; the upper and lower parts of the word "duo" should be the same, but attention should be paid to It is written as one up and one down, with the top small and the bottom large, to prevent students from writing one left and one right, or the top and bottom are equal; the word "chu" is a semi-enclosed structure, and the "envelope" should be emphasized - make the words longer; in the word "zhi", The mouth is lower on the right side and cannot be written too high; the "vertical" in the vertical center on the left side of the word "busy" should be written vertically and slightly longer.
(2) Reading insights
There are two ancient poems in this lesson. The teaching focus is on literacy, writing and reading and reciting. Do not analyze the poems too much. The content and artistic conception of the poem can be combined with the text illustrations and students can understand and comprehend the poem by themselves in the process of repeated reading. Students can be guided to talk about "what they have understood" or "what they have experienced". If a student brings up a word they don’t understand, the teacher can explain it briefly.
"Spring Dawn" is poetically implicit and sincere. When reading aloud, the speed can be slightly slower, and while reading, imagine, the sound of the first and third sentences is more solid, and the sound of the second and fourth sentences is softer.
The second word of each sentence can be lengthened appropriately, with a slight pause to leave room for imagination. Pay attention to reading the rhyme "xiao,niao,shao" well.
"Village Living" is relatively lively. When reading aloud, emotions can be appropriately exposed. It is read briskly and fluently, reflecting the beauty of the environment and the joy of children's life. You can pause briefly after the fourth word of each poem. Pay attention to the rhyme "sky, smoke, kite".
The reading of ancient poems has very high requirements on the pronunciation of the characters. The pronunciation of each character must be read accurately, and attention must be paid to articulation and enunciation. Students can be reminded to pronounce the words carefully and have them practice reading aloud repeatedly. You can check students' reading performance by listening to each other's readings at the same table, conducting targeted spot checks, and encouraging them to read aloud on the stage.
The recitation of the two ancient poems is not very difficult. Based on the students' familiarity, students can be guided to recite them in an motivating way.
(3) Practical activities
1. Pre-school activities.
Read and memorize a few ancient poems outside class.
2. In-class activities.
Compare who can memorize more ancient poems. Divide into groups to compete first, and then select representatives to perform for the whole class.
4. Examples of teaching design
(1) Introduction to conversation
1. After studying the previous texts, what do you think spring is like?
2. Ancient people also liked spring. They wrote many poems to sing and praise spring. Today we will learn two ancient poems describing spring.
3. The task of writing on the blackboard is to recognize and read the new words "ancient, poem, and first".
4. What are the titles of the two ancient poems? Who can read it accurately? (Distinguish the pronunciation of "spring" and "village")
Writing on the blackboard: Chunxiao Village
(2) Learning new words
1. Paste the new word cards on the blackboard and let students learn words by themselves using the method of "using familiar words to learn words".
2. Students report and exchange their self-study status.
(1) The pronunciation of the word: the pronunciation of the word is "Shi, Shou, Chu" in the raised tongue; the pronunciation of the word in the flat tongue is "村, drunk, San".
(2) Font shape:
Combination: Gu (ten + mouth) Wen (door + ear)
Ju (corpse + ancient) Tong (standing + inside)
Radicals: Shi - 蠠 drunken - You busy - 忄
(3) Meaning of the word (use the words in the Tian character grid for word expansion exercises):
< p> Ancient () () () sound () () ()Duo () () () everywhere () () ()
Know () () ( )Busy()()()
(3) Reading ancient poems
1. Fan read.
2. Free reading (read correctly and orderly).
3. Read voluntarily.
4. Competition reading (table competition, group competition).
(4) Understanding ancient poetry
1. Read "Spring Dawn" and "Village Residence" by myself.
2. Tell me what you have read and experienced.
3. Students discuss issues they do not understand, and teachers briefly explain or provide guidance on key issues.
(5) Perception and Appreciation
Look at the text illustrations, listen to the music and recite, and understand the poet's love for spring.
(6) Extension activities
Classes with conditions can work in groups to make kites and carry out kite flying activities.
5. Information Kit
1. Meng Haoran
Meng Haoran (689-740), a native of Xiangyang, Hubei Province, was a poet in the Tang Dynasty who was unwilling to live in seclusion but spent his entire life in seclusion. When he was in his prime, he traveled to Wuyue, and later went to Chang'an to seek an official position. However, because there was no one on the road, he had to return to his hometown. In the twenty-eighth year of Kaiyuan (740), the poet Wang Changling visited Xiangyang and had a great time meeting him. However, at this time, Meng Haoran had a malignant sore on his back. It was said that it was due to "eating fresh food" and he finally died at the age of 52.
Meng Haoran's poems have broken away from the narrow realm of responding to regulations and chanting things in the early Tang Dynasty. They express more personal ambitions, brought fresh breath to the Kaiyuan poetry world, and won the admiration of people at the time and Li Bai's poems. , Du Fu’s praise. Less than ten years after his death, two collections of poems were compiled and sent to the "Secret Mansion" for preservation.
The existing "Meng Haoran Collection" is available.
2. Gao Ding
Qing Dynasty poet.
3. Kite
Kite originated in my country, also known as wind kite and paper harrier, with a history of more than 2,000 years. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Lu Ban once "cut bamboo into magpies and then flew them", and he was considered the ancestor of kites. During the Five Dynasties, Li Ye used strings to fly kites as a game in the palace and hung a bamboo whistle on the kite's head. When the kite takes off, the wind blows the bamboo whistle and makes a beautiful sound, hence the name "kite".
In the Tang and Song Dynasties, kite flying was very popular. The poet Li Shangyin of the Tang Dynasty wrote in his poem: "The kite was flying in the West Tower one night." Zhang Zeduan's "Along the River During the Qingming Festival" in the Northern Song Dynasty and "Bei Shi Tong" by Su Hanchen in the Southern Song Dynasty vividly described the scene of kite flying at that time.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, kites became more and more popular and were exquisitely made. The Empress Dowager Cixi once asked folk kite artist Wei Zhitai to make a kite for "the birthday girl riding a crane". "Village House" by Gao Ding, a poet from the Qing Dynasty, describes the scene of a group of innocent and lively children flying kites in the spring breeze after returning from school. It is amazing to read.