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Level one preparation.
In Song Shenzong, in order to strengthen the national defense force, Wang Anshi introduced a new law to reform the military system, including the provincial military law, the general military law, the armor protection law and the war horse protection law. Save the art of war, that is, simply compile and camp, and cut off the old, weak and redundant soldiers. Sun Tzu's art of war, that is, the soldiers who changed the Geng Xu system will be separated, giving military commanders the right to control Sichuan and command operations with ease. Set up more than 100 generals in all roads in the country (except Sichuan), each general is composed of several imperial commanders, mixed with fan soldiers and township soldiers; Military commanders say that generals, lieutenant generals, and imperial troops under the command of generals are called imperial troops; Those who do not belong to generals all over the country are not prohibited by generals, and their status is second. The imperial army stationed in Beijing is also called the Beijing Imperial Army. There is no need to retain the original establishment of the Imperial Army and the Beijing Imperial Army; The headquarters will ban the army in Beijing. General and department: the team will be prepared in three levels, with 50 people in the team. Later, an army was established on it, and the control and command were the chief and deputy officers. Jiabao law is a reform of the rural military system, that is, every household in the country takes 1 as Jiabao, 5 households take 1 as Xiaobao, and 25 households take 1 as Dabao. They study martial arts regularly and patrol at night. Among them, after strict training, all the township soldiers became the auxiliary force of the imperial army, and a few were promoted to the imperial army. Baojia law, that is, on the basis of the implementation of Baojia law, the animal husbandry supervision of horses is changed to Baojia plus Jiajia to raise horses, so as to expand the source of military horses and enhance the combat effectiveness of the army.
Great changes have taken place in the army during the Southern Song Dynasty. In the early days, most of the main forces of the Northern Imperial Army were dispersed and reorganized into the Central Army; It is said that the soldiers stationed in the south, generals and non-generals, although retaining the original designation and organizational system, are no longer the main force, but become handymen similar to the Xiang army. Nanfang Army, following the old system of Northern Song Dynasty, specializes in handyman. There are many names of rural soldiers, which played a certain role in the battle against Jin and Yuan Dynasties. In fact, because of the fall of Shaanxi, good soldiers no longer exist. After several changes, the titles of the big soldiers stationed on the chariot have all changed. At the beginning, there were three armies: Imperial Camp Army, Tokyo Left-behind Division Army and Shaanxi Army. Later, it was changed to camp guard, which was divided into five armies: front, back, left, right and middle. In the eleventh year of Shaoxing (1 14 1), it was changed to the imperial army to show that it was directly under the emperor and under the jurisdiction of the Privy Council, and it was not transferred to three official positions. In the middle period, the 10 Army was formed at the junction of the Yangtze River and Sichuan-Shaanxi, and the commanders were all under the control of the capital and the deputy capital. The authority of the Chief Executive in Sanya is reduced, which is almost equal to 10. Each command 1 unit is responsible for guarding the capital cities Lin 'an (now Hangzhou) and Jiankang House (now Nanjing). In fact, he is also a soldier stationed in the army. This 13 garrison soldier is organized according to the sequence of army, general, department and team. Their commanders are supervisor, commander, commander-in-chief, commander-in-chief, commander-in-chief, commander-in-chief and commander-in-chief. Non-commissioned officers stationed in private soldiers are generally divided into two grades: utility and army soldiers. Utility is divided into several grades within army soldiers to show the difference between status and treatment. In addition, there are also a certain proportion of "non-combatants" among the soldiers stationed in each battalion, including non-combatants such as rotors and trench.
In the middle and late Southern Song Dynasty, in order to strengthen the control of the soldiers stationed in the garrison, the functions of the garrison commander, Fu Xuan envoy and other commanders were further expanded, so that they gradually replaced and deprived the command of the capitals. In addition to the 13 army, new armies of various titles have been created and developed into the main force, while the original garrison troops have gradually weakened.