To Liu Jingwen is a seven-character quatrain written by Su Shi, a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. This poem was written in the fifth year of Yuanyou (AD 1090). This is a poem that encourages my good friend Liu Jingwen. The following is my appreciation of the original text and translation of To Liu Jingwen. Welcome to enjoy!
Go to Liu Jingwen
Su Shi (Song)
Lotus didn't shelter from the rain,
There are branches of Ao Shuang in the chrysanthemum.
Good years must be remembered,
When it is orange, orange and green.
Precautions:
(1) The lotus withered.
⑵ Rain cover: hold the leaves of rain beads. Guy: Umbrella is a metaphor for lotus leaf in the poem.
(3) Chrysanthemum residue: Chrysanthemum withered.
(4) Ao Shuang: Not afraid of wind and frost.
Jun: You, an ancient honorific title.
[6] Orange-yellow-orange-green time: refers to the time when the orange turns yellow and the orange is still green, referring to the late autumn and early winter of the lunar calendar.
Translation:
Lotus withered, even the lotus leaf holding the rain withered,
Only by defeating the branches of chrysanthemums can we be proud of the frost.
The best scenery of the year, you have to remember,
That's when oranges turn golden and green.
Appreciation 1
Poets appreciate the natural scenery in late autumn and early winter. He doesn't feel sorry for "Lotus" and "Chrysanthemum Residue", but the tall and straight chrysanthemum branches in the residual chrysanthemum and the colorful colors of orange on the tree aroused his interest. Because these can be used as symbols of character and loyalty. In fact, the poet wrote about the vibrant winter scenery, with the intention of comparing things with people. The poet's point of view is unique. By praising oranges, he praised those who are indomitable and still shine in harsh environment.
Appreciation 2
This poem was written in the fifth year of Yuanyou (1090), and Su Shi knows Hangzhou. Liu, a Chinese character, was born in Xiangfu, Kaifeng, Northern Song Dynasty (now Kaifeng, Henan). At that time, it was the commander-in-chief of Zhejiang military forces and was also in Hangzhou. Su Shi valued Liu Jingwen very much, and once called him a "generous man", with whom he forged a deep friendship.
The poem sings about the scenery in early winter. In order to highlight the best scenery of "orange, orange and green" in a year, the poet first painted a picture of late autumn with highly summarized pen and ink: the lotus flower in the lotus pond, which once had green leaves and red flowers reflecting the sun, has long withered, and the withered stems and leaves can no longer hold up a green umbrella to shelter from the wind and rain; The residual chrysanthemum under the independent hedge, although the stem is fragrant, has no leaves, and only the tall and straight branches are still strong against the wind in Ao Shuang. There are many kinds of nature, and flowers bloom and fall in a year. It can be said that the seasons are different and the months are different. Here, the poet only chose the lotus and chrysanthemum, which dominated in summer and autumn respectively, and wrote about their withering to set off the cold heart of orange. The genius of the poet also lies in that he did not simply write about the decline of lotus and chrysanthemum, but extended the description to lotus leaves and chrysanthemum branches. Throughout the life of the lotus, the lotus leaf is indispensable to it. Su Shi used rain to say that the defeat of the Netherlands was really vivid! Similarly, Chrysanthemum is called an outstanding figure under the frost, not only because it is Leng Xiang, but also because it has tall and straight branches. In Ao Shuang, only when the flowers break, the branches can be independent, and its aloof character can be fully reflected. The poet's observation can be described as meticulous, and his ability to grasp the essence of things can be described as powerful! These two sentences are literally opposite, with the same content, and they are called "running water pair", "nothing" and "there is", which shows the difference between two flowers.
Appreciation 3
This poem was written by the poet as a gift to a good friend. The first two sentences of the poem describe the scenery, and grasp the "lotus flower exhausted" and "chrysanthemum remnant" to describe the bleak scene in late autumn and early winter. There is a sharp contrast between "nothing" and "still there", which highlights the image of Chrysanthemum Ao Shuang fighting the cold. The last two sentences discuss the scenery and reveal the purpose of giving poems. It shows that although the winter scenery is bleak and cold, it also has fruitful and mature harvest, but it is incomparable in other seasons. The poet wrote this to describe a person's prime of life. Although youth has passed, it is also the golden stage of maturity and great achievements in life. Encourage friends to cherish this wonderful time, be optimistic and make unremitting efforts, and never be depressed and laugh at yourself.
Su Shi's To Liu Jingwen was written in the fifth year of Yuanyou (1090), and Su Shi was in Hangzhou. "Tiaoxi Fishing Hidden from Conghua" says that this poem sings about the scenery in early winter, "The song is wonderful." Although this poem is written for, it is about the scenery in early winter, and there is no mention of Liu's moral articles. This doesn't seem to be the proper meaning in the title, but in fact, the author's cleverness lies in the combination of praise for Liu's moral integrity in describing the early winter scenery without trace. Because in the author's opinion, the most beautiful scenery in a year is the orange-green early winter scenery. Citrus, like pine and cypress, can best represent people's noble character and loyal moral integrity.
Appreciation 4
This poem is about the scenery in early winter. In order to highlight "orange, orange, green, the best scenery in a year", the poet first painted a picture of late autumn with highly summarized pen and ink: the lotus pond, which once had green leaves and red flowers reflecting the sun, has long withered, and the withered stems and leaves can no longer hold up a green umbrella to shelter from the wind and rain; The residual chrysanthemum under the independent hedge, although the stem is fragrant, has no leaves, and only the tall and straight branches are still strong against the wind in Ao Shuang. There are many kinds of nature, and flowers bloom and fall in a year. It can be said that the seasons are different and the months are different. Here, the poet only chose the lotus and chrysanthemum that won the competition in summer and autumn respectively, and wrote their "decay" to set off the cold heart of orange. The genius of the poet also lies in that he did not simply write about the decline of lotus and chrysanthemum, but extended the description to lotus leaves and chrysanthemum branches. This is because, among hundreds of flowers, "only green lotus and red lotus" means "the length of this flower is consistent with that of this leaf" (Li Shangyin's "Giving Lotus"). Poets have always chanted lotus leaves, such as "Lotus leaves on the stream stack up to clear the money" (Du Fu's Nine Poems Wandering), "Lotus leaves in the sky are infinitely beautiful" (Yang Wanli's "Seeing the Woods at Jingci Temple") and "Leaving withered lotus leaves to listen to the rain" (Li Shangyin's "Luo Ting Love Cuizhou"). Su Shi knew this well, so he used rain to show that the Dutch defeat was complete and really vivid. Similarly, Chrysanthemum is called an outstanding figure under the frost, not only because it is Leng Xiang, but also because it has tall and straight branches. When this flower is broken, Ao Shuang's staff can still be independent, which can fully reflect its aloof character. The poet's observation can be described as nuanced and his ability to grasp the essence of things can be described as powerful. These two sentences are literally opposite, but their contents are connected, meaning "running water is right for the knife." "No knife, and", in one go, write the difference between two flowers.
However, whether it is thanking first or thanking later, it is out of date after all, and we have to withdraw from the competition and give way to the vibrant early winter pride-oranges and oranges. At this point, the poet happily reminds people: Please remember that the best scenery in a year is in the early winter when the article is brilliant (Qu Yuan's Ode to an Orange). When oranges are mentioned side by side here, they are actually biased towards oranges. From Qu Yuan's Ode to an Orange to Zhang Jiuling's experience (here, south of the Yangtze River, there is a red orange tree. ), oranges have always been praised by poets as "good trees", while oranges are actually "although they may serve your distinguished guests". Citrus's "leaves are green all winter" and "because of its' love for cold', it is not only inferior to lotus and chrysanthemum, but also comparable to pine and cypress." There is also a Ao Shuang in the chrysanthemum, which was later used as a metaphor for unyielding people.
Hu Zai once compared this poem with Han Yu's poem Zhang Eighteen Members of the Water Department in Early Spring. Although the two poems are similar in conception and description, and in artistic skills, they are superior to Su Shi in content. This is because, although Korean poetry also contains some philosophies, it is still a simple poem about scenery; Su Shi's poems combine the description of scenery, the eulogy of things and the praise of people, using things to describe people and praise Liu Jingwen's character and moral integrity. Han's poems praise the early spring that everyone thinks is good; Su Shi, on the other hand, wrote the most depressing early winter in the eyes of those poets who "grieve for autumn and hurt spring" with business and poetry, which also showed his broad-mindedness, unusual temperament and mind. It's really shallow and intriguing. Although this poem is a gift from Su Shi, it describes the scenery in early winter and makes no mention of Liu's moral articles. This doesn't seem to be the proper meaning in the title, but in fact, the author's cleverness lies in the combination of praise for Liu's moral integrity in describing the early winter scenery without trace. Because in the author's opinion, the most beautiful scenery in a year is the orange-green early winter scenery. Citrus, like pine and cypress, can best represent people's noble character and loyal moral integrity. Therefore, if we look at it from the perspective of rhyme and reason, Su Shi seems to be slightly better than Han Shi.
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Creation background
This poem was written by Su Shi when he was the magistrate of Hangzhou in the fifth year of Yuan You, Song Zhezong (1090). When Su Shi met Liu in Hangzhou, Liu was 58 years old. After Su Shi tried his best to protect the imperial court, Liu Cai got a little promotion. I don't want Wen Jing to die in just two years. Su Shi felt that Liu Yisheng was bumpy, so he wrote this poem according to the scenery.
Brief introduction of the author
Su Shi (1037—11year), with the word Zizhan and Hezhong, was an important litterateur in the Song Dynasty, one of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and a representative figure with the highest literary achievements in the Song Dynasty. Han nationality, a native of Meishan, Meizhou (now Meishan City, Sichuan Province) in the Northern Song Dynasty. Jia You (Song Renzong year, 1056 ~ 1063) is a scholar. Wang Yang's prose is bold and unconstrained, and he is also called "Han Dynasty and Su Hai" with Han Yu. His poems have a wide range of themes, fresh and vigorous, good at exaggeration and metaphor, and unique style. He and Huang Tingjian are also called "Su Huang". Xin Qiji is the representative of the unconstrained style, also known as "Su Xin". He is also engaged in painting and calligraphy. There are Seven Episodes of Dongpo, Dongpo Yi Zhuan, Dongpo Yuefu and so on.
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