Take the Qing Dynasty as an example. In the old society, the whole process of imperial examination began at the grass-roots level of government, state and county, which was called children's examination. Those who take the exam are called Tong Sheng, those who pass the exam are called scholar, and the first one is called desk. The official higher-level national examination is called provincial examination, which is held in the provincial capital. The candidates are scholars from all over the country. After the exam, it is called Juren, and the first name is "Xie Yuan"; The next level is the meeting, which is held in the Ministry of Rites. The one who took the exam was Juren, who was called Gong Sheng after the exam, and the first place was "Hui Yuan"; The imperial examination was held in the golden hall of the emperor, who presided over the examination himself. Gong Sheng was called the "top scholar". In the ancient imperial examination system in China, there were 17 people who were able to win three yuan in a row. They are:
Zhang and Zhun in Tang Dynasty;
Sun He, Wang Zeng, Song Yao, Yang Zhi, Wang Ruocuo and Feng Jing in the Song Dynasty;
Meng Songxian of Jin Dynasty;
Wang Chongzhe of Yuan Dynasty;
Huang Guan and Shang Lu in Ming Dynasty;
Qian Ming, Chen Jichang and Dai Quheng in Qing Dynasty.
In addition, there have been two "Wu Sanyuan" in history.
First, during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Wang, a native of Yongjia, Zhejiang Province, entered the Chinese Martial Arts Department for three yuan, and there were more than a thousand officials to the Royal Guards. He is proficient in classics and history and is good at writing poems. At that time, he called his martial arts, poetry and calligraphy "three unique skills". What is particularly commendable is that he is honest and clean, does not flatter powerful people, and is quite a gentleman.
The second is that during the Shunzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, Zhejiang native Wang Yubi even joined the Chinese Martial Arts School for three dollars. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, this man was admitted to Wu Xiucai. He was the first archer and was known as the "dead shot", so people praised him as "Wu Siyuan". Although he was born as a samurai, he never let go of his books, and his writing style was brilliant, and he also had the reputation of being an all-rounder in civil and military affairs.
Wang was a famous prime minister in the Northern Song Dynasty. According to legend, when his father saw that the scriptures were worn out, he wanted to renovate them, and he didn't dare to throw them away without saying a word. One night, Confucius gave him a dream: "You cherish my book so much that I let Zeng Shen be reincarnated as your son." A few days later, his wife got pregnant and gave birth to a son named Zeng. Wang, in his early twenties, won the first place in the tribute after having obtained the provincial examination, and was called "". After that, he was recommended to go to Beijing to take the exam hosted by the Ministry of Rites, and then ranked first, called "Huiyuan". Next, a young imperial examiner wrote a book title by Song Zhenzong, entitled "No One Can Be Less". After Wang Zeng handed in the paper, among them, "the dragon is extraordinary and greedy; What do you know about weaving grass? " It's really embalmed, but it's fake. "And so on, it won the admiration of the emperor and won the first place. In this way, the young king once became the first "three elements" integrating Yuan, Hui Yuan and the top scholar since the founding of the Song Dynasty, and climbed to the top of the scientific research pyramid.
The good news was sent back to Wang Zeng's hometown and was cited as a once-in-a-lifetime glory by the officials and the people. Qingzhou famously went to his hometown to hang a gold plaque of "Sanyuanfang". The busybody drew a pattern consisting of longan, litchi and walnut, and took the round harmonic "yuan", which contained three numbers, meaning "even three yuan".
Lianzhong sanyuan means a person, a very talented person, with a good education.
three services
When it comes to the "three services", the common concepts of modern people refer to the army, navy and air force. In fact, in China culture, the term "three armed forces" originated in the Spring and Autumn Period, which is far from the actual meaning of modern armed forces.
Three services: walking, car and cycling.
In the Zhou Dynasty, there were six armies of the emperor, three armies of the vassal states and 12,500 people in one army.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, big countries usually set up three armed forces, but the names of different countries are different. For example, Jin said,, Xia Jun; Chu Zhao, and the right army; Qi, Lu and Wu are collectively called the upper, middle and lower armed forces. The three armed forces each have the rank of general and assistant, and the China Army will be the commander-in-chief of the three armed forces. With the evolution of the times, the upper, lower and middle armies are gradually replaced by the former, middle and rear armies. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, this organization became a fixed organizational system of the army. At this time, the main symbols of the three armed forces are various forces serving different combat tasks. The former army is the pioneer; Zhong Jun is the main force, is the main force; The rear forces mainly serve as cover and alert tasks. In the ancient army of China, the largest organizational unit was the army. The establishment of the army has existed throughout the ages, but the number is different. In the Han Dynasty, five people had one martial arts, two martial arts were fires, five fires were teams, two teams were officials, two officials were songs, two songs were departments, two schools were schools, two schools were schools, and two schools were armies. Today, the establishment of the former army, the Chinese army and the rear army has completely disappeared, replaced by a modern army, navy and air force.
Huang San
Tracing the source of Huang San catalogue
Flint a fire
Fuxi fishing and hunting
Shennong tastes grass.
Huangdi fought against Chiyou.
* * * Touch the mountain.
Yao Shun said with a wave.
Back to Huang San.
Appeared earlier in historical records? The Biography of Qin Shihuang said that in 22 1 year BC (the 26th year of Qin Shihuang), Li Si said that there were Huang San, emperors, Huangdi and Tai Huang in ancient times, among which Tai Huang was the most expensive.
Huang San's statement
(1) Suirenshi, Fuxi, Shennong
(2) Fuxi, Nuwa and Shennong
(3) Fuxi, Zhu Rong and Shennong.
(4) Fuxi, Shennong, * * *
5] Fuxi, Shennong and Huangdi
(6) The Emperor, the Yellow Emperor and Tai Huang (Historical Records of the First Qin Emperor)
The latter view was popularized because of the influence of Shangshu, and Fuxi, Shennong and Huangdi became the three oldest emperors in China.
In addition, Huang San, together with the Emperor, Huangdi and Ren Huang, is called the Three Gods in Hanshu Weishu. Later, in Taoism, Huang San was divided into three groups: the third-grade emperor was human; In Huang San, people face snakes or dragons; In post-Huang San, Fuxi was the queen, Nuwa was the queen and Shennong was the queen.
The first volume of Yiwenhui quoted Xú Zhēng's "March 5 Calendar": "The number of days is extremely large, the number of places is extremely deep and Pangu is extremely long. Then there is Huang San. " Volume 78 of Taiping Yu Lan quotes the cloud of Chunqiu Wei: "Emperor, Huangdi, Ren Huang and nine brothers are divided into Kyushu and the world." There are nine clouds in Wang Jia's Collection Notes in the Jin Dynasty: "There is a big maple tree in the country", "There is a big stone room in the east of the tree, which can accommodate ten thousand people, and there are statues carved on the wall: thirteen emperors, eleven emperors and nine heads in Ren Huang, all of which are dragons." This covers the mythical Huang San. The rest say that there are many Huang Sans, such as Biography of Shangshu (Chen Shouqi series in Qing Dynasty), with Suirenshi, Fuxi and Shennong as Huang San; Han and others compiled White Tiger Tong with Fuxi, Shennong, Suiren or Fuxi, Shennong and Zhu Rong. Fuxi, Shennong and Nuwa were Huang San in the Spring and Autumn War. Fuxi, Shennong and Huangdi are Huang San in Jin Huangfu Mi's The Emperor's Century. Tang Sima Zhen, Historical Records? To supplement Huang San's biography, Fuxi, Nu Wa and Shennong are considered as Huang San, and so on. See the five emperors.
Huang San refers to Suiren, Fuxi and Shennong, and the Five Emperors refer to Huangdi, Zhuan Xu, Di Ku and Yaoshun.
Three spring months
Sanchun: Meng Chun, Zhongchun and Ji Chun.
TTGTTG
March: refers to the third month of spring, that is, March, when flowers and plants are flourishing.
Three spring refers to the three months of spring, which are divided into Meng Chun, Midspring and Ji Chun. Traditionally, China called the three months from beginning of spring to Changchun as spring, which also refers to the first month, February and March of the lunar calendar.
China's Valentine's Poems
Weaver girl begging for cleverness song
Begging for skill and appearance;
Begging for heart and face;
Begging my parents to live for 10 million years,
Begging my sister for thousands of years.
One of the nineteen ancient poems
Anonymous (Chinese)
Distant Altair, Jiao Jiao Hehan girl.
Touch your hand and make a loom.
There is no chapter all day, and tears are pouring down.
The river is clear and shallow, with many differences.
Between water and water, there are no words.
Chinese Valentine's Day; Qixi Festival
(Tang) Quan Deyu
Today, it is clear that the clouds have crossed the magpie bridge, which should not be in the same strain, a distance.
My family likes to wear makeup mirrors and needles on the ninth night of the next month.
Chinese Valentine's Day; Qixi Festival
(Tang) Xu Ning
Magpie Bridge is vast, and a thousand sounds of Yu Pei pass Lingling.
There are still people who have been away for many years. Instead of tinkering with rivers and lakes, it is better to look up at the stars.
(Tang)
Watching the blue sky on Tanabata tonight, the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl cross the Magpie Bridge;
Every family watches the autumn moon, and every family wears HongLing.
This poem is said to have been written by Lin Jie, a six-year-old child in the Tang Dynasty. It is widely sung in some places, and it is often sung on the full moon of Qixi.
Queqiaoxian
(Song) Qin Guan
Thin clouds are clever, flying stars spread grievances, and yinhan sneaked into Chen Cang.
On the seventh day of autumn dew and autumn, it is time to meet, mostly those who are together in the world, but the appearance of husband and wife.
Tender as water, like a dream, you can go home from the bridge!
If the relationship between two people is long-lasting, it is still a matter of time!
Cai Sangzi Chongyang Mao Zedong
Life is easy when you are old, but difficult when you are old. Every year is Chongyang, and now it is Chongyang. Battlefield yellow flowers are particularly fragrant. The annual autumn wind blows hard, not like spring, but better than spring, just like the Wan Li frost on the vast river.
"Mountain Residence in Memory of My Shandong Brothers" (Tang) Wang Wei
I am a lonely stranger in a strange land, and I miss my family more often during the holidays. When I think of my brothers' bodies climbing high, I will feel a little regret for not being able to reach me.
On the 9th, Qi Mountain climbed the mountain (Tang) to Du Mu.
On the river, the geese just flew south, and they made friends with wine and hip flask mountain. Laughter makes people laugh, when chrysanthemums are in full bloom. However, I will try my best to pay for the festival, and I won't hate it when I board the plane. After all, life is a short history, so why do you cry like Qi Jinggong?
September 10th (Tang) Li Bai
I climbed the mountain yesterday and lifted it today. Chrysanthemum is too bitter, and it is the Double Ninth Festival.
On September 9th, Xuanwu Mountain visited (Tang) Lu.
Looking at the mountains and rivers on September 9, looking at the wind and smoke. In another country, drinking Jinhua wine, Wan Li shares the same sorrow with Hongyan.
Wang Bo was in Zhongshu on the 9th (Tang Dynasty).
On September 9, at Wangxiangtai, he sat in a farewell cup. Human feelings are tired and bitter in the south, and Hongyan is from the north.