Source of surname:
1, from Mi surname.
1973, a bronze bell was unearthed at the Chucheng site of Zhaojiahu in Dangyang, Hubei Province 1. The inscription reads: "The king of Qin is humble, and the king is determined to save Qin Rong." According to the newly published Chu Bamboo Book, Li Ling interpreted the inscription "King Jingping" as the King of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period, which is a double word after the death of the King of Chu. He further pointed out that the king of Chu Jing in the Warring States period originated from the king of Chu.
2. Qi came from the Warring States period and was also related to Gong Zu. When Wang Jing was in Zhou Dynasty, Chu Jiu, the monarch of Qi State, passed away, and posthumous title was the scene, which was known in history. His descendants, taking posthumous title as their surname, are also famous. The nobles of the Zhou Dynasty were knighted before their death, and posthumous title after their death. Posthumous title is a symbol of social status and spiritual honor, so the noble posthumous title also became the surname of his descendants. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the monarch of the State of Qi passed away, which was called "Jing" and "He" in history. He took posthumous title's Jing as his surname and Jing Chou and Jing Chun as his descendants.
3, from the surname, surname
Change your surname. Common names are given by the emperor, taboo to change surnames, avoiding disasters to change surnames, monosyllabic and disyllabic surnames and so on. There are also some rare phenomena of changing surnames, such as disyllabic surnames, avoiding shame and mocking surnames, and so on. In addition, in the history of surname development, incorrect pronunciation and omission are also two common phenomena of changing surnames. A brave man in the Ming Dynasty, formerly known as Geng, later changed his surname to Jing. The reason why Jing Qing changed his surname is still unknown, which needs further research.
Take a surname. It is a kind of surname change, which means that others change their surnames because they are adopted, or because their mothers remarried, or because they are son-in-law. For example, during the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao's real name was Xiahou, and his father was adopted by Cao Teng, so he took Cao as his surname.
Other branches of other nationalities
The Jing family mainly has two origins. One is the descendant of Huangdi, Chu State and Mi surname; One is, surnamed Jiang, a descendant of Yes. Their cognate surnames mainly include:
Zhao, Mi, Shi also take Shi as the surname. "Songs of Chu" says: Zhao, Qu, Jing Wei Chu.
Wu surname, secret surname, is also after Dr. Chu entered Wu Shen.
Shineng, followed by Xiong Zhi, Chu, changed his refuge to Shineng.
Kuai Shi, Zhou Shi, is also the son of Brother Kuai Chu.
Ben's surname, Mi's surname, Chu Ruoao gave birth to Bobby, and Bobby gave birth to Yin, which was nurtured by a tiger, saying that the tiger had stripes because he thought it was his surname.
Cui Mi, Chu Jiang.
Miao family, originated from Mi surname, is a surname named after a place name.
Cheng surnamed mi. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the son of Chu became a tiger, and his descendants took the word "Cheng" as their surname, also known as Cheng.
Jianshi, Mi surname, Chu Wang Jian Hou.
Qu's, Mi's and Shi's. It's a surname named after a fief. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Chu Wuwang's son was appointed as Mo Zhai of Chu and was sealed in Quyi.
Pan Shi, surnamed Mi, descended from Chu royal family in Zhou Dynasty.
Shang, Jiang, and later.
Huan's family, Jiang's family, and later, Shi's family.
The Cha family originated from Michaelis. During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a feudal official in the State of Chu, and his descendants called him Cha.
Jing originated from Michaelis. In the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Xiong Yi, the former monarch of Chu, was sealed in Jingshan area, and the country name was Jing, which was not changed to Chu until the early Spring and Autumn Period. Before King Wen of Chu, there were descendants of concubines who took the country as their surname and called it Jing.
The banker was the monarch of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period. After his death, posthumous title became Zhuang, and later generations took posthumous title as their surname.
Xiong, after the bear was killed in the late Shang Dynasty, the nobles of Chu took Zhou as their surname and the monarch took Neng as their surname.
4. The surname of Beijing among ethnic minorities.
Manchu is one of the most populous ethnic minorities in China, mainly distributed in three northeastern provinces.
Manchu people call their surnames "Hala" and their clans "Mukun". The first Hara is a Mukun. Later, with the growth of population, family branches and "on-call garrison" were transferred to other places. The original MuKun has divided into several new MuKun. There are many similarities between their surnames and those of the Han nationality. Take the place of residence as the surname, the name of the tribe as the surname, the emperor gave the surname, used the old surname of the Jurchen nationality, and changed the surname because of packet migration. In addition, there is the localization of Manchu surname, that is, Manchu uses Chinese surname. Among them, according to the surname, we can find the cause of the Manchu Zhongjing surname from here. There are two forms of family names: one is to take the words in the father's name as the surname of the descendants, which is the same as the surname of the Han nationality in the pre-Qin period. There is also a surname based on the first word of my name. Because there are several words in Manchu surnames translated into Chinese, it is inconvenient to address them, so the surname (surname) is often replaced by the first name, which leads to the practice of taking the first word of his real name as his surname in the long-term custom (of course, he also has his own surname). "Qing Chao" also said: "Manchu and Mongolian surnames are not in the world, so they should call each other surnames by their initials. Don't keep the custom, thinking that grandparents and grandchildren have different surnames. "
There are many Jing celebrities in Manchu, such as Jing Gu Le Dai, Jing An, Jing Lian, Jing Xing and Jing Shan, which will be introduced in later chapters.
Koreans are mainly distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture is the main settlement of Koreans. Among nearly 100 surnames of Korean people in China, Beijing also accounts for a certain proportion.
The ancestors of Korean people in China migrated from Korea. /kloc-sporadic migration began at the end of 0/7. 19 After the mid-1960s, due to the cruel exploitation and oppression of the feudal ruling class in Korea and the great famine in the north in 1869, a large number of Korean victims moved to Yanbian area in China.
Achang nationality is one of the ethnic minorities living in the southwest frontier of China. Mainly distributed in Longchuan, Lianghe and luxi county in Dehong Prefecture and Tengchong and Longling counties in Baoshan District, about 90% of them live in Husa District of Longchuan County and Shedao and Dachang in lianghe county. Achang nationality is one of the ethnic groups with a long history in China. The records of Achang ancestors in Han literature began in the Tang Dynasty, and the name of Achang was determined in the Yuan Dynasty. According to historical records, the ancestors of Achang nationality lived in Baoshan, Tengchong and Lianghe as early as13rd century. Since the Ming Dynasty, a large number of mainland Han people have moved into Achang ethnic areas, which has played a positive role in the social development of Achang ethnic groups. Especially in Husa and Lhasa, there are still buildings and tombstones left over from the Ming and Qing Dynasties, which have Chinese cultural characteristics. Achang people are not only influenced by the Han nationality economically, but also by the Han nationality in terms of customs, religions and names.
The names of Achang people generally take a positive meaning to express good wishes. Brothers and sisters of the same generation have the same name, or have some related words, which have something in common with the Han nationality. You can tell from their names whether they belong to the same generation.
Dai people, Dai people didn't have surnames at first, but later they got surnames in the following ways. Some are because of the marriage between Dai and Han, Dai girls marry Han, and give birth to children with their father's surname; Some are surnames given by school teachers for convenience; What's more interesting is that "students take their teachers' surnames". After liberation, there was a phenomenon that teachers' surnames and all students' surnames were different.