Yueyang Tower stands at the foot of Baqiu Mountain in the northwest of Yueyang City, Hunan Province, and is one of the "Three Famous Buildings in the South of the Yangtze River" in China. Fan Zhongyan's Yueyang Tower in the Northern Song Dynasty is famous all over the world.
Second, the history of Yueyang Tower
Yueyang Tower was built around 220 AD. During the Three Kingdoms period, Lu Su, a general of Soochow, built a parade building here and trained sailors, thus creating the history of Yueyang Tower. During the Western Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Yueyang Tower was called "Baling Building".
In the third year of Yuanjia in the Southern Song Dynasty (426), Yan Yanzhi, assistant minister and great poet of the Chinese Department, passed by Baling and wrote a poem entitled "Returning Zhang Xiangzhou to Shi 'an County in Baling Building", which contained the phrase "Qing Miracle Yueyang", and the name "Yueyang" first appeared in the poem.
In the fourth year of Tang Kaiyuan, Zhang Shuo, secretary of the Central Secretariat, expanded it and named it the South Building. After Li Bai wrote poems in the middle Tang Dynasty, it was called "Yueyang Tower". Yueyang Tower is also famous.
In the fifth year of Song Dynasty, Teng Xiulou and Fan Zhongyan wrote down that Yueyang Tower was renamed Kyushu.
In the third year of Jianyan in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 129), Yueyang Tower was destroyed by fire. In the fourth year of Qingyuan in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 198), Yueyang Tower was rebuilt. On June 21st and 23rd, in the 17th year of Jiading in the Southern Song Dynasty (1224), Yueyang Tower was destroyed by fire. Yueyang Tower was rebuilt in the 11th year of Southern Song Dynasty (125 1).
196 1 year, Guo Moruo inscribed "Yueyang Tower". 1962 Spring, Zhu De inscribed the name "Huaifu Pavilion" and hung a plaque on the pavilion. 1September, 966, the "Red Guards" went to Yueyang Tower to demand the destruction of the engraved screen of Zhang Zhaoshou and Fan Zhongyan's Yueyang Tower, and the management cleverly protected the engraved screen. 1969 65438+February 18, Ye Jianying visited Yueyang Tower and instructed the local government to protect historical sites.
Thirdly, the literature of Yueyang Tower.
Although Yueyang Tower was built in the Three Kingdoms period around 220 AD, it really became famous in the Northern Song Dynasty.
In the fourth year of Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1044), Teng was demoted to the state of Yuezhou. He cherished the beautiful scenery of Yueyang and began to rebuild Yueyang Tower the next year. After the repair, he asked someone to draw a picture of Dongting in late autumn, and wrote to invite his friend Fan Zhongyan to take notes on the restored Yueyang Tower.
Fan Zhongyan lived up to his friends' trust, and a carefully chosen "Yueyang Tower" with more than 360 words described the beauty of human architecture and water and became a masterpiece for later generations. Among them, the famous sentence "Worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later" has become an immortal sentence of the Chinese nation.
It is precisely because of this lyrical "Yueyang Tower" that Yueyang Tower became famous at home and abroad and became a historical building.
Fourth, the characteristics of Yueyang Tower.
As the only ancient building in the three famous buildings that keeps its original appearance, its unique helmet top structure embodies the wisdom of ancient working people and the exquisite design and skills of craftsmen.
Yueyang Tower faces east and west, with a simple and unique structure. The abutment is granite, with a width of17.24m, a depth of14.54m, and a height of 0.65m. The height of Yueyang Tower is19m. In terms of architectural style, predecessors summarized it as wood, three floors, four columns, cornices, bucket arches and helmet tops.
The roof of Yueyang Tower is a helmet-top structure supported by "Ruyi Dougong", which is layered and matched with each other. This kind of arched helmet-top structure of ancient generals is unique in the history of ancient architecture in China. This is the most prominent feature of Yueyang Tower-helmet top structure. According to research, Yueyang Tower is the only ancient building with helmet-top structure in China.
Yueyang Tower is a pure wooden structure, and the whole building is not nailed and riveted, but only connected with wooden components. Because of its exposed wooden beams and columns, components and decorations, its shape has beautiful expressive force, which shows the unique national style of ancient buildings in China.
Extended data:
The Restoration and Protection of Yueyang Tower after the Founding of New China;
1July, 949, Yueyang Tower returned to the people's arms. The Party and the people's government attach great importance to the protection of Yueyang Tower, which has been listed as a key cultural relics protection unit in Hunan Province and a national key cultural relics protection unit.
1950, Yueyang county government repaired Yueyang Tower.
1On May 20th, 952, Li Dongting proposed the maintenance, which was managed by a special person. On June 9th, the plan of "Rebuilding Yueyang Tower" was made. 12 18 Yueyang county government submitted a report on the repair budget of Yueyang Tower to the Provincial Cultural Committee.
1September, 954, the Central Ministry of Culture issued an instruction on the renovation of Yueyang Tower: "The Ministry of Culture considers this building a famous monument and should be protected".
1 February 5, 955, the provincial government allocated110,000 yuan for the repair of Yueyang Tower.
On July 24th 1956, Yueyang Tower was announced as a provincial cultural relics protection unit.
1958 July, Yueyang Tower Management Office was established.
1983, the State Council allocated special funds to overhaul Yueyang Tower, and copied and updated the components as they were, which lasted for ten months and kept more than 55% of the original components.
In May 1984, Yueyang Tower was overhauled and opened to the public.
Baidu encyclopedia-Yueyang tower