The first Jinshi in Sichuan was Fan Chongkai from Neijiang. The fourth year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (7 16) was the best in the world. Fan Chongkai's "good writing, a thousand words" is very clever. His younger brother, Fan Yuankai, is also famous. He is called "Wu Tong Shuangfeng".
Luo, the last scholar in Sichuan, was born in Zizhou (now Sichuan Zizhong). This word is public. He was born in Tongzhi of Qing Dynasty for four years (1865) and died in the 15th year of the Republic of China (1926). In the 21st year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1895), he was the top scholar. He studied in Chengdu Jinjiang Academy and Zunjing Academy successively. 1895, palace examination, the only scholar in Sichuan in Qing Dynasty.
The area with the largest number of top scholars in Sichuan is Langzhong in the northeast of Sichuan. Langzhong is called "the tunnel of Shu Tai" and "the crossroads of Bashu". It's a land full of treasures and outstanding people. In history, not only the creators of calendars and armillary sphere were born, but also the teachers of father and son astronomers Ren Wengong, two generations of astronomers, Zhou Qun and Zhou Chen, historians and Chen Shou, the author of The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. They are the champion of Xin Weike in the seventh year of Zhenyuan (79 1), the champion of Gui in the eighth year of Tang Xianzong (8 13), the ugly champion of Duangong in Song Taizong (989) and the champion of Gengke in Xianfeng in Song Zhenzong (1000). "Eryin" is not only the first street in the city, but also their hometown. Interestingly, Yin Zhong was 7 1 year old when he won the first prize, and died of illness nine years later at the age of 80. Yin Shu is the oldest scholar in Sichuan and even the whole country, and also the longest-lived scholar in Sichuan. "Chen Er" is also a brother champion, but also a champion prime minister of "both civil and military". Chen Yaosou, handsome, well-read and memorable. "He is worthy of being a scholar, a servant, a mentor, a coach, a horse, and a redundant official." He is smart and has a long history (military and political) and can remember the history of the army. Chen Yaozi, known as "Little Ji You", has the right to speak politically. Yao You, the elder brother of Yao Sou, is a scholar and prime minister, as well as a poet and calligrapher. The "three ministers" are all famous ministers and have the reputation of "sage". It is said that Chensan Street in Langzhong City is named after them.
There have been four prime ministers in Sichuan, namely, Renshou Ren He and Zhongjiang Ren. He Zhuo, a scholar of calligraphy, lecturer and consultant, was a scholar of Zong Zheng in Wei Song for five years (115). He is upright and upright, and has fifteen crimes of "six thieves" such as Wang Fu, Cai Jing, Song Mian and Tong Guan. Qin Zong succeeded to the throne and joined Zuo Cheng as senior minister and assistant minister of Zhongshu, trying to divide the land and opposing peace talks with Jin people. He was honored as the mayor of Kaifengfu (the capital city) by Senior Minister Palace, worshipped the right servant of Shangshu (the right prime minister) and assistant minister of Zhongshu, and asked Kang Wang (Zhao Gou) to be the marshal of the military forces in the world. The capital fell. He Biao was captured by the nomads from Shanxi Province and died of hunger strike. He was only 39 years old and was later called "the champion of loyalty and courage". In 1980, Su Yijian, the top scholar in Chen Geng, Song Taizong, was 22 years old. Young people in Su Yijian are smart, studious, elegant and quick-thinking. When he entered the palace for the exam, he tried more than 3,000 words, which was written with the help of a pen. He was greatly appreciated by Emperor Taizong and won the first place in the First Division. Yi Jian is a drunkard, good at joking and famous for his articles, including Four Books on Illiteracy, Continued Lin Zhi and Selected Works in twenty volumes. I'm sorry to die young, only 39 years old.
Among the top scholars in Sichuan, there are many poets, scholars and writers, among whom Yang Shen, the "first gifted scholar in Ming Dynasty", Zhao Kui, the "Little Dongpo" and Zhang Xiaoxiang, an important writer in Southern Song Dynasty, are the most famous. Yang Shen (Sheng 'an) Xindu was the only scholar in Sichuan in the Ming Dynasty. Wu Zongzheng was a scholar in Sinvik for six years (15 1 1). He was named Hanlin and promoted to be a storyteller at the banquet in the Ming Dynasty. Sejong is Wu's cousin. Sejong wants to recommend Sheng Wenxing as the king and add the title of Xian Di. Yang Shen and others remonstrated and dismissed it. He was sent to Gaochangwei, Yunnan, and exiled for 37 years. At the age of 72, he died in a foreign land. Yang Shen has been alert since he was a child, reciting thousands of words every day. 65,438+065,438+0 years old, can write poetry. 12 years old, known as "child prodigy". After Yang Shen's exile, he collected a large number of books and wrote a lot, including Sheng An Ji (8 1 volume), more than 2,300 poems and more than 0/00 kinds of essays, which kept pace with the world. Yang Shen in Ming Dynasty, which is widely read, is regarded as a "literary giant" in history.
Zhao Kui, a native of Ziyang, was the No.1 scholar of New Weike in Shaoxing, Song Gaozong in the 21st year (1 15 1). When Zhao Kuangyin was young, he read widely, especially collecting ancient books, taking an examination of the traces of the ups and downs of the past dynasties, and became the second official of Chinese books. He was upright and upright, without attaching the powerful Qin Gui. He is good at poetry and prose, which Gao Zong once called "prose like Su Wan". Known as "Xiao Dongpo", he is the author of Habitat Collection. Zhang Xiaoxiang, a native of Jianyang, is a rare wizard. He stuck to it and wrote thousands of words. In the 24th year of Shaoxing in Song Dynasty (1 154), after winning the top prize in JOE, he wrote a letter to please Zhao Xue Yuefei, which was taboo for Qin Gui. When Ren Jiankang stayed behind, he strongly sponsored Zhang Jun's Northern Expedition and was impeached and resigned. Later, he served as the magistrate of Jingnan, built water conservancy projects, built an inch of golden embankment, and bought Wanying to store grain, which was quite political. Later, he retired from Wuhu due to illness and died of heatstroke. He is only 38 years old. Zhang Xiaoxiang is an important writer of the Southern Song Dynasty. His writing is heroic and he never forgets to be restored. His scenes are grand and his words are generous. His works, such as "Jade Pot Story" and "Jade Pot Ci", have been handed down from generation to generation. In addition, some scholars, such as Feng Shihang, the author of Yi Lun, Pu, and the author of Xu Yun's anthology, were all from Chongqing and famous talents in Sichuan at that time.
Interestingly, Sichuan also has a "good luck" champion-Luo, the last champion in Sichuan. At that time, the original champion was Yu Changlin, and Luo ranked in the forefront of the second class. There is a saying in the volume "Countermeasures" that "the main worry is the work of the minister, and the main humiliation is the death of the minister". The Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 was a new setback, and these two words especially touched Emperor Guangxu. With the title of "what I worry about, what I die of, what I am humiliated by", Luo was written as the first scholar.
On the contrary, Su Shi, a great writer in Sichuan, lost the first place because of "one word". It turned out that Su Shi, a 25-year-old litterateur, wrote a paper, The Theory of Repaying Complaints with Loyalty, after he was admitted to palace examination in Song Renzong Jiabo for six years (106 1), which was highly praised by Ouyang Xiu, the examiner, and other examiners. The article puts forward that criminal law and reward should be based on the viewpoint of benevolence and the basic concept of caring for and caring for the people, and adopt the methods of strict legislation and lenient law enforcement, more rewards and less punishment, so as to achieve the support and conscious implementation of the people. He also gave an example: "When Yao was in power, he would kill people. Hao Tao (Minister of Justice) said,' Kill three (should be killed, should have been killed a long time ago). "Yao said," the third (forgive, forgive, or forgive). "The article advocates giving priority to education, not killing those who can kill, and killing those who can kill less; As for rewards, you can reward those who don't, but reward them, so that you will win the support and support of the people.
After discussion with the examiners, Ouyang Xiu decided to take Su Wan as the champion. But considering that at the banquet in Qionglin (the banquet given by the emperor to the new Jinshi), the emperor may ask what classic works the dialogue between Tang Yao and Hao Tao comes from, how to answer it? If you can't answer, it exposes the examiner's shallow theory; Wrong answer is suspected of deceiving you. So, he sent the Senate official Mei to Su Shi to find out the source. Dongpo replied that Yao is a kind and generous person and a serious and honest person. According to their personalities, I think they will say so. Mei Yao Chen was very angry and said, "You are young, but you have great courage. Nothing serious. How can you just edit it! " As a result, Su Shi fell from the first place in A to the second place in A. ..