First, on the basis of being familiar with the original text, think deeply and imagine reasonably. Because the expansion is based on the original text, the main characters and events have been determined, and we can't make up the process without the original text, let alone change the central idea of the original text. Therefore, when expanding writing, we should first be familiar with the content of the original text. On this basis, we can closely follow the central idea of the original text, grasp the main plot, think deeply about the places where the original text is not clear or not specific enough, ask more "how" and make reasonable imagination to enrich the content of the article.
Second, the expanded article is more specific, vivid and vivid than the original. In order to make the article more concrete, vivid and vivid, it is generally necessary to change the narrative of the original text into description. Can increase the description of the environment and the description of the appearance, manner, movement and psychological activities of the characters. You can also add some details according to your own imagination, and you can also add some discussion or lyric content appropriately.
Third, we should prevent the content from being crammed or the language from being repeated because of the need to lengthen the space. At the same time, when writing, you can regenerate the branches of the original text and generate new branches. However, the backbone of the original text generally does not need to be moved, so as not to change the original intention and lose the meaning of expansion.
For example, the development of "The Mantis Catching Cicada" can describe the detailed process of mantis catching cicada in detail, personify the animals and make the movements vivid. The key is to write a good psychological description of mantis. If you write a good article, you will be able to shine and deepen the theme of the article. Expanding writing requires expanding imagination, being good at digging and expanding capacity. A common problem of primary school students' composition is that their ideas are not broad and their methods are single, and they often finish in a few words from one direction, one angle and one level. Therefore, we should make great efforts to clarify our thinking and describe it. (1) Read the original text and make sure that the development of the central idea can't be separated from the meaning of the question and the main content and central idea of the original text, and start a new stove. Therefore, it is necessary to guide students to carefully analyze the requirements of the topic and the materials provided: whether to remember people or write scenery. On the basis of clarifying the basic elements and main contents, grasp the central idea of the material and take it as the central idea of the expanded text. (2) Divide the levels of the original text and determine the focus of expansion, which is paragraph expansion or article expansion. It should be divided into levels in a certain order as the basis for expanding paragraphs, and pay attention to key levels. Let the students understand that the expansion of the original text is not to be carried out everywhere, but to determine the focus of the expansion according to the central content. For example, on Sunday, Xiaoming went to Xinhua Bookstore to buy Modern Chinese Dictionary. Unfortunately, however, Xiao Ming was very anxious just after reading the book. Aunt Liu, the shop assistant, asked Xiaoming to leave her address, saying that she would look for it in the warehouse and inform Xiaoming if there was any. In the evening, it began to rain heavily. Aunt Liu sent a modern Chinese dictionary to Xiaoming's family, and Xiaoming was very moved. There are two related things in the material: one is that Xiaoming went to the bookstore to buy books, and the other is that Aunt Liu came to deliver books. This article mainly praised Aunt Liu's painstaking efforts and excellent quality of serving readers wholeheartedly. Therefore, the focus of expansion should be "Aunt Liu delivers books in the rain". (3) Expand imagination, learn to describe and determine the center, level and expansion point of the original text, and then expand imagination. Generally, the expanded materials are general, so students should be inspired to integrate their daily experiences and feelings into the expanded content based on the central idea of the original text, and associate relevant plots or details according to their own life experiences. When expanding writing, students can be guided to grasp key words and key sentences, and narrate or describe them by decomposing or asking questions. When writing things, we should fully develop the main plot and write out the cause and effect, development and changes; When writing a character, we should express the character characteristics by describing the appearance, manner, language, action and psychology of the character. When writing a scene, we should grasp the shape, state, color and sound of the scene to describe it in detail and express the characteristics of the object.
2. Materials used to expand the composition and provide articles.
In the big forest by the sea, there lived a female monkey. Mother monkey has three children. The boss told the monkey to be obedient and honest; The second child is a monkey, smart and thinking. The third child is a girl. Her name is Monkey Beauty, and she is very beautiful. One day, the mother monkey called her three children and gave them 100 yuan each, telling them to leave home and live independently to see who could live a rich life. Ask students to expand their imagination, write stories in detail, and draw up their own topics.
Integrated navigation
Expand your imagination according to the story provided, make the story concrete and vivid, and write the result clearly. Can be carried out according to the following steps.
1) the personality characteristics of the characters, to analyze and scrutinize everything they have done, the eldest monkey obeys, and maybe do something big with the 100 yuan given by the monkey mother; The second monkey is smart and loves to use his brain. He may work miracles with 100 yuan given by his mother. The third monkey is very beautiful. Because of the love of beauty, maybe in a few days, the 100 yuan given by my mother will be spent, and even she herself will wander around ... students can make up more wonderful stories without restraint.
2) Although it is an article that unfolds a story, it cannot be imagined aimlessly. It is better to take real life as the prototype and write around a certain center, which will be more reasonable.
3) Details, pay attention to the cohesion between paragraphs. Because this article wants us to imagine what the three children of the monkey mother did respectively. Therefore, it is up to us to decide who should focus on everything according to the need of expressing the central idea. After determining the priorities, we should also pay attention to the cohesion between paragraphs, that is, we should make a good transition between paragraphs to make the article organized and more story-telling.
Student example
Three monkeys broke into the sky.
150024 Harbin No.3 Power Generation Co., Ltd. Grade 4: Zhang Yi
In the big forest by the sea, there lived a female monkey. Mother monkey has three children. The boss told the monkey to be obedient and honest; The second child is a monkey, smart and thinking. The third child is a girl. Her name is Monkey Beauty, and she is very beautiful.
One day, the mother monkey called three children to her side and gave them one hundred yuan each to leave home and live independently to see who could live a rich life. The three children listened to their mother's thoughts. The boss looks happy, the second is happy, and the third is a little unhappy. She doesn't want to leave her mother.
Under the persuasion of the monkey mother, there was no way, so the three children had to leave home with the 100 yuan given by their mother and live independently.
The monkey rented a house after he left home. After a while, the money my mother gave me was almost spent, so I thought, if this continues, I will become poor, and I should find a job. So he got a job as a postman. Because he is honest and dutiful, he does whatever the boss tells him to do, so the boss likes him very much and has been giving him a promotion and a raise. Finally, the boss retired. He became a boss and lived a rich life.
But the second is not as lucky as the boss. Just one hundred miles out of the house, I met a mountain thief, and one hundred yuan was robbed. Along the way, he had to beg for some food. When he arrived in the county seat, he happened to meet his brother, borrowed some money, opened a restaurant and started a small business. At first, the business was not bad, and I could earn more than 1000 a month. But then a big fire destroyed his restaurant, and he managed to escape from it. Looking at the burnt-out restaurant in front of him, he could hardly live.
The third monkey beautiful first used this 100 yuan to buy a lot of brand-name cosmetics and rented a house. After more than a month, the money has been spent. She feels too tired from work and stays at home every day. When she was hungry, she begged for food.
A year later, the three children returned to the monkey mother one after another, and the boss held a thick stack of RMB in his hand; There are only a few thousand dollars left in the old second hand; There is nothing in the third hand. The money of Big Brother and Second Brother is earned by hard-working hands. But the third one is poor because he only knows how to dress himself and doesn't know how to work. Hey, remember: there is no pie in the sky.
3. Expand the writing materials and quickly "misunderstand"
On Sunday, I made an appointment with Wang Ning to visit my house in the afternoon. When I got home, I just waited and waited. Seeing that it's getting dark, he hasn't come to my house yet. I thought: Hum, you stood me up. It's unbelievable! I'll wait for you here. Do you think this is a joke? You have to pay the price for standing me up, saying that honesty is like Mount Tai, and I will never play with people like you who don't speak honesty again.
The next day, as soon as I came to school, Wang said to me and me, "Don't be angry about yesterday …". I looked up and glanced at him. I thought: I won't play with people like him in the future. "No, don't be angry, let me explain it to you!" "What is there to explain! I don't listen to your reasons! " I said grumpily.
I turned back to my seat and he left listlessly.
After school in the morning, he is not as loose as usual. He left school alone and we didn't notice him.
He did this every day for the next few days, and my heart was full of questions. Is he doing this to get our attention or is he angry with me? I think it's a little strange.
In class, I noticed that he was absent-minded He never raises his hand when the teacher asks him questions. I think there must be something behind him.
After school in the afternoon, I decided to follow him and see how he was. He picked up his schoolbag and hurried out of the classroom. I picked up my schoolbag and followed him secretly. He first came to the vegetable market and bought four cakes. I think I came to the market to buy cakes! Don't come a little late, the cake will be sold out? It's not that simple. I continued to follow him. Why did he go to the hospital? I am even more surprised. He walked into the hospital and into a ward. I secretly looked outside the ward. Lying in the hospital bed is Wang Ning's mother! It turned out that he hurried to take care of his mother after school every day.
Ah! I suddenly understood something in my heart. Wang Ning and his mother were surprised to see me when I walked in! I said to Wang Ning, "I don't care what happened that day, but you have to tell me what happened that day?" My mother suddenly had high blood pressure that day. I came back halfway and stood up! I said, "I'm sorry, I was wrong about you!" We are still good friends! "He said," Never mind, come and eat the cake! " "good! "I ate and ate, feel the taste of this cake sour, deeply remorse.
Since then, every day after school, we have been holding hands, shoulder to shoulder, laughing and going home. We have resumed our old laughter.
4. Enlarge the writing material. During the break, my deskmate and I were doing our homework. At this time, the cleaning staff is having a composition class.
I looked at the composition topic "Tolerance" on the blackboard with my chin in my hands, and I didn't know where to start writing. Most of the class passed, and I barely finished writing the outline; Glancing at my deskmate, he has made a draft and is copying it into the composition book one by one.
Class is over, and the students on duty have already started cleaning. Suddenly, a few drops of water splashed on my desk and wet my draft paper.
I immediately got angry: "Who is it? What a nuisance! " Wang Ming, a student on duty, quickly put down the basin and repeatedly said to me, "I'm sorry, I'm sorry." I really lost my mind at that time and almost yelled at him: "How could you be so careless!" " "Wang Ming, with a blank face, apologized to me and took out a pile of paper towels, carefully wiping off the water drops on the draft paper for me.
I grabbed the tissue from him and muttered angrily, "What bad luck!" " , and then clean yourself. Accidentally bumped into my deskmate's right arm, and his pen immediately drew a long black mark on the composition book, and the manuscript paper was broken.
I can't help but "plop" in my heart: it's broken. Now he can give up all his efforts and copy again. It's strange that my deskmate doesn't scold me! I stood awkwardly in front of my deskmate, dumbfounded, and at that time I didn't know what to say, just waiting for his accusation.
Unexpectedly, instead of being angry with me, my deskmate said to me generously, "Never mind, if I copy again, I will practice hard pen calligraphy." I was amused by the humorous language of my deskmate and impressed by his tolerant quality! Looking back, I said shyly to Wang Ming who was sprinkling water, "I'm sorry, I was a little impulsive just now."
Wang Ming made a mischievous face at me: "Yes-"Afterwards, I was deeply moved and wrote a paragraph neatly in my diary: to forgive others is to be kind to myself. Complaining will only be indifferent to the friendship between classmates; Tolerance, on the other hand, is like a bond, closely linking the friendship between classmates.
On Sunday morning, I opened my eyes and suddenly thought that today is his birthday. I couldn't help laughing. I think I'm going to have a tutorial class today, too. I hung down like a deflated balloon and sighed and said, "Oh, if only I could celebrate the park more!" Mother didn't expect to say step by step: "Let's go!" .
6. Pupils' Composition Development Materials Practice Materials 1:
Once upon a time, there was a stupid rich man who saw other rich people living in a beautiful three-story building and wanted to live there, so he called a craftsman and said, "Build me a three-story building." After the craftsmen started work, the rich man saw that they were all laying bricks on the ground and angrily scolded, "I want the third floor, not the one below!" " "
Requirements: According to the materials, reasonably imagine and supplement, with the topic of "a stupid rich man", develop a narrative with coherent words and complete stories, about 250 words.
Material 2:
A tiger saw the buffalo that defeated him being yelled at by the farmers and asked the cow why she was afraid of the farmers. The cow said that because people have "wisdom". The tiger showed the farmer his "wisdom". The farmer said that he left his "wisdom" at home, so he could get it, but he had to tie up the tiger first to prevent him from eating the cow after he left. Tiger, listen. The farmer went back to the village and called the villagers, locked the tiger in an iron cage and said to the tiger, this is "wisdom"
Requirements: Expand the above materials into an article of not less than 500 words-
(1) self-made topic.
(2) Give priority to narration. Reasonably imagine and appropriately enrich the plot. Pay attention to the use of appearance, language, psychology, environment and details.
(3) At the end of the brief discussion.
Material 3:
A female bear lives in the Woods. She has two children. When the bears grow up, they have to find happiness alone. The mother bear wants them to love each other and beware of bad people. They walked on the plain for a long time and ate all the food. Brother cried and brother was hungry. Later, I picked up a big cake and wanted to share it. There was an argument. At this time, a fox ran over and gave them pies, deliberately breaking them into a big one and a small one, and the two bears quarreled again. The fox separated them again and took a bite of the big one, which was smaller than the original one. Two little bears vie for the big one. The fox bit the big one again, so he bit it again and again. Finally, both pieces are very small. The fox handed the two cupcakes to two little bears and then slipped away. ...
Requirements: Expand the above materials to about 500 words. Requirements: ① Self-made questions. This article should be divided into several paragraphs. (3) When unfolding, the action, dialogue, appearance, expression and psychological activities of the characters can be described around the center of the original text, making the characters more concrete and vivid.
Material 4:
Time: one morning.
Venue: in front of the catering service company.
Leading role: Manager Luo.
Event: When Manager Luo was waiting in line to buy bread, he saw that the queue was long and the customers were in a hurry, so he walked into the catering service company with a basket. People thought he didn't wait in line to open the back door, so he said angrily. Soon, Manager Luo and several waiters in the company brought a lot of bread out and opened a place to sell bread, so that everyone could buy bread quickly.
Requirements: Expand the above materials to about 500 words-
1 the topic is self-drawn.
(2) According to the time, place, people, events and other materials provided, use your imagination, have a detailed description, and write this matter concretely and completely.
The center is clear, the organization is clear, the sentences are fluent, and the writing is neat. Be careful not to write typos, you will use the punctuation you have learned.
7. Write a composition of more than 400 words according to the materials, and write "What?" Buddhists stared at the people kneeling on the ground with wide eyes, showing incredible expressions. "It's better to help yourself than to ask for help ..." The Buddhist murmured. After devoutly worshipping the statue of Guanyin, Guanyin got up slowly, patted the soil on her body, and walked out of the temple without picking up a piece of paper that she had put on the ground. When he passed the Buddhist, he turned and smiled at the amazed Buddhist. His foot took a step. Guanyin is gone. The Buddhist instinctively rushed out to hold Guanyin-although he couldn't see Guanyin-as if Guanyin had never lived in the future. "Wait a minute-"the Buddhist shouted at the gate of the temple. Suddenly, he tripped over something and only heard a "poop-poop" ... The Buddhist slowly opened his eyes and felt a pain-knocking on the threshold. "Hey, how could I? Buddhists blame themselves. Suddenly, his eyes lit up as if he saw gold. He slammed into the place where Guanyin knelt in his dream and picked up a blank sheet of paper. This paper is thin and soft. Buddhists seem to understand something. He glanced at the Guanyin statue, and the Guanyin statue looked at him ... Many years later, the Buddhist has become a famous businessman. He buys and sells fairly and the price is reasonable, and he never cheats customers. He is a bodhisattva, and Guanyin is reincarnated. He was asked the secret of his success. He smiled and said that he was not a Guanyin bodhisattva, and he relied on himself in everything, so that even the most difficult things could be done. It is better to ask for help than to ask for help. Attach two model essays with similar themes. It's better to help yourself than to ask for help —— After reading My Guanyin, I think My Guanyin is a Buddha.
In the article, it is written that a person who looks exactly like Guanyin is worshipping Guanyin, and later it is known that that person is Guanyin. The thing is this: a devout Buddhist met with difficulties and went to the temple to worship Guanyin.
Walking into the temple, I found a man worshipping Guanyin in front of the Guanyin statue. That man looks exactly like Guanyin.
The Buddhist asked, "Are you Guanyin?" "Yes," the man replied. "Then why do you worship yourself?" The Buddhist asked again.
"Because I also encountered difficulties." Guanyin smiled and said, "But I know that it is better to ask for yourself than to ask for others."
Yes! It is better to rely on yourself than to seek help from others. I think the reason why mortals are mortals may be because they like to beg others.
Guanyin is Guanyin, probably because you only ask yourself when you are in trouble! Just like me, every time I meet a math problem with a slight turn, I just take a look and calculate it. If I can't do it, I said I don't know how to do it, so I asked my father. After my father told me the method and the answer, I realized that I could solve it by myself as long as I used my brain again. Also, every time I write a composition, I will yell, "Mom, how do you write this word?" Sometimes my mother is doing housework, and I wait until my mother finishes it.
In fact, there is a Xinhua dictionary on my desk. I can check it myself, but I'm just too lazy to waste a lot of time. In fact, as long as everyone has the strength and self-confidence to find for themselves in trouble, maybe everyone will become their own Guanyin! Really: it's better to ask for help than to ask for help! "God, why are you so blind?" The jade emperor, who is dreaming a beautiful dream, heard the complaints of the world.
Reluctantly, he sat up, picked up "looking in the mirror" and looked: it was him. I let him live in peace and prosperity, and he blamed me. Damn it, I immediately called a meeting of immortals. "The emperor put on Caesar's suit, boarded Conley's shoes and came to the conference room.
I saw sister Chang 'e wearing a shawl and a long hair sling, which made people intoxicated. Taibai Venus is wearing a pair of big sunglasses and a white beard in sharp contrast, which looks a bit nondescript; Tie Guai Li stamped his crutch and said loudly, "The Jade Emperor is here, be quiet." The Jade Emperor paused: "Well, today we will discuss the following questions about human beings.
For thousands of years, the fate of mankind has been decided by our heaven. I tried, and someone was always dissatisfied with me. What do you think I should do? Sister Chang 'e stood up and said softly, "Your Majesty, this is a common occurrence in the world. You need not worry too much. Let them go. " "That won't do," said Taibai Venus first. "If we don't show human some color, he doesn't know that our jade emperor has three eyes."
"No investigation, no right to speak," Tie Guai Li retorted in a Hong Zhong voice. "I have traveled around the world many times and found that there is injustice in the world. A kind of people, who have a good life, want wind and rain, but they are never satisfied and insatiable; A kind of people, who don't give in to fate, get up after falling down, come back after failing, persist after being frustrated, persist in their beliefs and make profits for the people, but are repeatedly hit.
In my opinion, we should leave the fate of mankind to mankind. "Is the world still in chaos?" Taibai Venus questioned.
"Why? A hard work and a harvest, asking for help is not as good as asking for yourself. " Tie Guai Li said without a doubt.
The immortals also nodded in acquiescence. The Jade Emperor ordered: "Heaven is blessed, and the Jade Emperor declared that in the future, all human affairs will be in his own hands, and there is no way out. I admire that.
Since then, human beings have dominated their own destiny and never complained about others. Because it is better to ask for help than to ask for help.
I hope I can help you. O(∩_∩)O~。
8. I have a composition material to help me write about the long and weak sunshine in winter.
People whose skin is wrinkled by cold have opened their hearts to enjoy this little warmth. In the hotel parking lot, a blue car came at a gallop.
An old beggar with ragged clothes and messy hair like a bird's nest stumbled towards the car. "Zhi-",the car stopped.
A little girl with a ponytail and a thick cotton-padded jacket jumped down. The little girl looks about six or seven years old with a lollipop in her hand. The beggar ran up to her, trembling and begging, "Little friend, have a clear conscience, go to college, little friend, have a clear conscience, give me some money ..." The rhythm was orderly, like an actor singing Allegro, and it was unambiguous.
At this time, the girl's parents also came down. The little girl hid behind her parents in fear and turned to look at the old beggar from time to time. Seeing no hope, the old beggar turned and walked to another car.
Just as the girl and her parents were about to set foot on the hotel stairs, the girl suddenly turned her head, grabbed the lollipop tightly and ran quickly to the old beggar. The girl came to the beggar and said in a gentle voice, "Grandpa, this lollipop is for you."
The beggar was startled and just wanted to go up and pick it up, but his eyes dimmed when he saw the girl's parents. Seeing that the beggar was silent, the girl stuffed the lollipop in the past. At this time, the girl's parents took her away. "So ignorant, afraid of being taken away by the bad guys?" The sugar fell to the ground, and the beggar silently lowered his head, took out a crumpled handkerchief from his pocket, picked up the already-divided sugar with those broken hands full of blue veins, wrapped it in a handkerchief, and carefully stuffed it into his warm pocket ... In the winter sunshine, the old beggar leaned against a stone pillar and squinted.
The earth is cold, the wind is blowing all over the sky, the branches are sparse and birds are singing, and all the trees have not sprouted. Although it hasn't snowed heavily because of the warm winter, the weather is still very cold.
At this time, it is as memorable as autumn. I especially long for the sunshine in winter, and I like the warm sunshine in winter. After several days of cloudy and cold weather, the sky finally swept away the haze, and the cold wind blew away the clouds, making the sky exceptionally clear.
The sun came out of the clouds and smiled. Under the light blue sky, there is cold air flowing, but it is very fresh.
Warm sunshine will cover your body, and soon your clothes will warm up. Walking in the park and on the frosty gravel road, we can see three or five groups of old people sitting in the warm sunshine, and the warm winter sun gently brushed away their wrinkled cheeks, so that they can enjoy family happiness in a harmonious environment and warm sunshine, and we can see how much they may be talking about in the past or present. In the wide park square, you will see flocks of flying pigeons soaring in the blue sky. How many kites are flying? They are 323131333532363134313635333558685e5aeb93/kloc-0.
In my memory, spring is the season of flying kites, but now, people who like flying kites will decorate the sky with colorful kites in their hands no matter what season it is sunny. Suddenly I feel that a kite-flying man over there looks familiar. I walked over and saw that it was a retired colleague of our unit.
I looked up and saw his kite flying the highest. I said, "Look at the joy on your face, and you will know that life after retirement is very chic." He said to me, "isn't it? When I first retired, I felt very lost and idle. Coupled with the trouble of cervical spondylosis, I am in a bad mood.
Once I went to the hospital, the doctor told me that besides treatment, flying kites is also a good sports activity for your cervical spondylosis. Because flying a kite needs to keep looking up and shaking hands, which is very beneficial to the treatment of cervical spondylosis.
After returning home, I bought a kite and flew it in the park when I was free. Not to mention, cervical spondylosis has really recovered for more than a year. Not only that, but my mood has also improved. My kite flies in the sky, as if I were flying in the blue sky, feeling carefree. "
Walking in the winter sunshine, it seems that my mood is clear. Although winter sunshine is not as warm as spring sunshine, summer sunshine and autumn sunshine, it is so warm in cold winter.
Sitting in the sun, eyes slightly closed, as if mother's warm hand were touching you, and your body was cold from the top of your head, shoulders and even the whole body. How comfortable! In the winter sunshine, my feelings seem to radiate light. How much I miss the lush spring, the hot summer and the mature autumn, and I miss every sunny day I pass by. Familiar faces jump in front of me, facing a pair of silent eyes, remembering the crooked footprints I walked through, all of which come into my heart together. At this time, I feel that the world has not changed, only myself and the time without looking back.
When the summer solstice is cold, let the lost dust quietly erase the glory of the years. In the rush of life, I silently understand life. Understand the youth that has passed away unconsciously and swallow the salty tears.
I really want to stop quietly in this winter sunshine, let my mind calm down and let my thoughts linger gently. I often think that people are afraid of being old and miss the liveliness and beauty of their youth, but no matter how hard you try to maintain your youth, you still find yourself getting older every day when you look in the mirror, your eyes are dim and your hair is dim.
Although my life has gone through youth and lingered in middle age, I still hope to grow old slowly and make the world warmer, like a ray of warm sunshine in winter.