Introduction:
This is a seven-character ancient poem, a poem of criticism and praise. Its original text is as follows:
Song of the old general
Wang Wei
When 15-20-year-old teenagers, they can capture the figure of Hu people riding horses on foot.
Shooting Zhongshan white-fronted tiger, he despised Ye's yellow-maned cavalry.
He has fought many battles and fought for three thousand miles. He once fought a million lions with one sword.
The Han army is as sharp as thunder, and the Lu country that tramples on each other is afraid of thistles.
Wei Qing's failure was due to the help of the gods, but Li Guang's failure was due to his fate.
Being abandoned doesn't have to be old, and the world has become the first in the past.
In those days, he was like an arrow shot at a lark by Hou Yi. Now he was born on his left elbow.
As a result, he was demoted to the roadside to sell melons and learned to make pottery to make the door green.
Ancient trees extend all the way to narrow lanes, and isolated mountains extend to cold windows.
Swear in Kashgar, pray for wells in Kashgar, and don't complain about alcohol.
Soldiers lined up like clouds on Helan Mountain, and books in the army were rumors day and night.
The special envoy of Red Festival went to Sanhe for conscription, and the commander-in-chief sent troops to General Five.
The veteran wiped out the armor of steel armor and used a sword with a flashing seven-star pattern.
May the swallow bow and shoot the heavenly generals, and shame the Yue family to sing Wu Jun.
Don't be afraid of color, think that the restoration of the governor Yun Guan was worth fighting for.
Central idea:
This poem exposes the ignorance and ruthlessness of the rulers' rewards and punishments, and praises the veteran's noble integrity and patriotic enthusiasm.
Translation:
When he was fifteen or twenty years old, he could win the Hu people riding and hiking.
How many heroes are there when a teenager shoots a white-browed mountain tiger?
After many battles, he galloped for three thousand miles and once became a million heroes with one sword.
The momentum of the Han army was thunderous, and Lu and the riders trampled on each other for fear of encountering thistles.
Wei Qing was unbeaten because of the help of the gods, and Li Guang was unsuccessful because of his bad fate.
Since it was abandoned, it began to rot, and things turned white over time.
In those days, it was like Houyi shooting a sparrow without eyes, but now it was born in the left elbow.
Therefore, Hou lived on the roadside to sell melons for the people and learned to make green willows in front of pottery seeds.
The ancient trees are vast, extending to the deep alleys, and there are very few lonely windows.
Swear to learn from Geng Gong's practice of seeking wells and springs in Shule, and not to do irrigation in Yingchuan, where people complain about drinking and drinking.
At the foot of Helan Mountain, soldiers are deployed like clouds, and urgent military books are frequently spread day and night.
Our envoy went to Sanhe to recruit soldiers and asked the general to send troops in five ways.
The veteran wiped the armor as bright as snow and flashed the seven-star pattern on the sword with his sword.
May Yanshan bow kill the enemy, and don't let the enemy armor disturb you.
Don't think that the restoration of the satrap in the cloud is worthy of the merits of the founding of the country in World War I.
Brief analysis:
This poem is about a veteran who fought bravely and went to the battlefield when he was young. Why? Reactive power? However, after being abandoned, he refused to accept his old age. When the bonfire in the border area was rekindled, he regained his courage and still wanted to make contributions to the country. The whole poem is divided into three parts. The first ten sentences are the first part, describing the wisdom, courage, achievements and unfair experiences of senior teenagers. The middle ten sentences are the second part, which describes the poor life of abandoned veterans; The last ten sentences are the third part, which describes that veterans always have the heart to protect their families and kill the enemy. There are a lot of allusions in the poem, almost every sentence is antithetical, with distinct levels, full of patriotic passion from beginning to end, and the style is desolate and tragic, but sad without hurting.
Explanation of words:
⑴? Walking? Sentence: Li Guang, a famous soldier in China, was captured by tarquin. He pretended to be dead when he was injured. Later, on the road, I saw a Hu Er riding a good horse, so I jumped up, pushed Hu Er to the ground and ran back. See historical records? Biography of General Lee. Award: A work? Grab it? .
⑵? Shoot? Sentence: In combination with the above, it should mean that Li Guang shot tigers in the mountains many times when he was the magistrate of Youbeiping. The white-fronted tiger (said to be the fiercest tiger) seems to have used the famous minister of the State of Jin, Zhou Chu, to eliminate the three evils. The white-fronted tiger in Nanshan is one of the three pests. Have you seen the book of Jin? Biography of Zhou Chu. Zhongshan: A work? In the mountains? , a work? Yinshan? .
(3) Ken number: You can't just push. Summer Night Huang Xuer: It refers to Cao Zhang, the second son of Cao Cao. He must be yellow and fierce. He personally enlisted 50,000 yuan, and Cao Cao loved him very much. He once held a beard and said: the yellow beard is really amazing. ? This sentence means that Huang Xueer is not the only hero. When Cao Cao sealed the king of Wei, it was all leaves (now west of Linzhang County, Hebei Province).
(4) Tribulus terrestris: Originally a plant with triangular spines, this refers to Tribulus terrestris, an obstacle used in the battlefield.
[5] Wei Qing: a famous soldier in the Han Dynasty, the younger brother of Wei Zifu, the empress of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and an official who conquered the Huns to a general. Wei Qing's sister Huo Qubing was once in the territory of the Huns, but she was never trapped, so she was regarded as? Lucky? . Historical records? Biography of General Wei's title of generals in ancient times:? Going to the hospital will always be chosen, but also dare to go deep, often riding in front of his army with Zhuang. The army is also blessed and has never been trapped. ? Lucky? The story of Huo Qubing was told by Chang Wei and Huo in ancient times, and it should be linked with the story of Huo Qubing because of Wei Qing.
⑹? Li Guang? Sentence: Li Guang has repeatedly made meritorious military service, but Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was surprised by his age, suggesting that Wei Qing should not let Li Guang resist the Huns, so he regarded it as futile and refused to be knighted. Because because. Counting, fate. Odd number, odd number. Even symmetry, odd not even, not even not meet.
(7) The flying arrow has no whole eye: Bao Zhao imitates ancient poems. The frightened bird has no eyes. ? Quote "King James Century": Wu He sent yi to shoot the sparrow, He Yi shot the sparrow in the left eye and mistakenly shot the right eye. Here, I just emphasize that Yi can make the bird's eyes incomplete, so I can see the essence of its shooting art here. Arrow: A piece? Birds? .
Sniper hung Yang Sheng's left elbow: "Zhuangzi? Joy:? Uncle Zazhi and Uncle Slippery view the hill of ghost cypress, the sky of Kunlun Mountain, the resting place of the Yellow Emperor, and their left elbow is called evil. ? Shen Deqian Thought? Willow, choose, not willow? What does it have to do with Wang's poems? Misuse? . He meant that the willow in Zhuangzi gave birth to a willow with a left elbow, but Wang Wei misunderstood it as a willow, so there was a hanging cloud. Gao maiding said:? It is still a "tumor of vitamins". However, without a fragmented and slippery interface, the fable of the living willow is also indispensable. ? It seems better to talk.
Hougua: Zhaoping, originally the tomb of Dongling, was a civilian, and his family was poor. He planted melons in the east of Chang 'an, and the melons were delicious.
⑽ Mr. Liu: After Yuan and Ming abandoned their official posts and retired, they were named after five willows in front of the door. Mr. 56? , and wrote the biography of Mr. May 6th.
⑾ boundless: a work? Endless? . Lian: Work? Fan? .
⑿? Oath? Geng Gong fought against Xiongnu at the end of Han Dynasty. According to Shule City, Xiongnu lost water at the gate and respectfully crossed the well in the city. When it was fifteen feet, there was still no water. He sighed. It is said that the General of the Second Division (Li Guangli) drew his sword and stabbed the mountain, and the flying spring gushed out. Hande is poor today. ? I turned to the well to pray. After a while, I got water. Did you see "once"? Geng Gongchuan. Shule: refers to Shule city in Han Dynasty, not Shule country.
[13] yingchuan kongshi liquor: Han nationality, upright and upright, complained after losing power and was punished. Brewing: Show your spirits by wine.
[14] Chatting and keeping: and keeping. Astrology: refers to the seven-star inscription inlaid on the sword.
⒂ Tian Qiang: A work? General? .
⒃? Shame order? It means that it is shameful to disturb the monarch with enemy soldiers. "Master yuan? Li Jie: Yue Jiabing entered Qi and asked him to commit suicide, because this is the Yue family singing the monarch, and he should commit suicide by martyrdom. Wu: This means an alarm. Wu Jun: A work? My Lord. .
Tucker: A work? Trees? .
Background:
In the 25th year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (737), Wang Wei was appointed as an imperial adviser and an envoy to the frontier. He served as our envoy under the protection of Cui, our envoy from the west of Liangzhou River, and spent a year in the army. During this period, he went deep into the life of soldiers and shuttled between ordinary schools, and found that there were many unreasonable places in the army. This poem reflects this unreasonable phenomenon.
Appreciate:
The whole poem is divided into three paragraphs, with the first ten sentences as the first paragraph, which tells about the wisdom, courage, achievements and unfair experiences of the veteran when he was young. First of all, he has the wisdom and courage of Li Guang when he was young. Walking? Have you ever won an enemy's war horse and shot the fiercest horse in the mountains with a bow? White-fronted tiger? . Then he used the story of Cao Cao's second son, Cao Zhang, nicknamed Huang Xuer. He bravely defeated the enemy, but the credit goes to the generals. The poet used these two allusions to describe the wisdom, courage and virtue of veterans. Next, use? Fighting alone for thousands of miles? , see its hard work; ? With his naked dagger, he can catch a large group of people? See its outstanding achievements; ? Even if China's army is as fast as lightning? See its rapid use of troops, such as the trend of thunder; ? Tatar soldiers were buried in a trap with iron teeth? See its clever cloth iron thistle array, defeated the enemy. But such a rare good soldier has no merit, so the poet uses historical stories to express his feelings. Wei Qing, the concubine of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, was defeated in many wars, but the Emperor did not punish him, but still rewarded him. What is the reason? Lucky? ; At the same time, Li Guang, a famous soldier, was not knighted, but offended and punished, and finally ended up committing suicide by cutting his neck. Why? Odd numbers? . Here? Lucky? Do both mean lucky? Lucky? , also refers to the emperor's luck; ? Odd numbers? It means bad luck and alienation from the emperor, both of which are semantic puns. The poet borrowed allusions from Li Guang and Wei Qing, implying that the rulers were cronyism, rewarding and punishing lawbreakers, and wrote the grievances of veterans.
The middle ten sentences are the second paragraph, describing the poor life of veterans after being abandoned. Since being abandoned, veterans have? Rot? Time flies, I am in a bad mood, even my hair is white. Although he used to be able to shoot birds in Houyi and was blind, he hasn't practiced martial arts for a long time, and it seems that he has a selective tumor on his arm, which is very unfavorable. Commonly used by the ancients? Liu? Harmonic? Tumor? And then what? Yang? Liu? Leave. Here, the poet takes it? Yang? Harmonic? Choice? (Sore) is a flat tone that takes care of poetry. The veteran was abandoned and chose his left elbow, but he still had to make a living. He sometimes sells melons in his garden by the roadside? . ? What about Hou? Hou Zhaoping and Qin Po, from Dongling, Qin, are cloth clothes and grow melons in Dongcheng, Chang 'an. It says here that he not only grows melons, but also? Selling on the roadside? Know that life is nowhere to be found; ? He sometimes plants willows around his seclusion? It also means that he takes farming as his profession. Tao Yuanming has five willows in front of his door because of his number? Mr. 56? . As for the residence? Broad? A slice? Ancient wood? In the Woods? Poor Ryan? What is facing the window? Cold mountain? What is more obvious is that the world is cold, the door is empty, and the guests are gone forever. But veterans are not depressed and decadent. Does he still want to? But if he prays, water will gush out for his people? Like Geng Gong, a famous soldier in the later Han Dynasty, after the water source in Shule City of Xiongnu was cut off, he shared joys and sorrows with the soldiers, and finally got the spring water but was made contributions by the enemy; It's not like Yingchuan people who watched the restoration before the Han Dynasty. After leaving the army, they let the wine scold him and vent their grievances.
The last ten sentences are the third paragraph, which writes that the border guards have not been destroyed, and veterans always have the patriotic aspiration of volunteering to kill the enemy. First of all, the Helan mountain area in the northwest is gloomy, the war situation is like a cloud, and urgent official documents are constantly introduced into the capital; The second time was the military commander appointed by the emperor, who recruited a large number of young people from Sanhe (Henan, Hanoi and Hedong), and the generals from all walks of life were ordered to divide their forces and attack. Finally, write veteran, he can't stay any longer, first? Wipe iron clothes like snow? Friction, the front armor shines brightly; What's next? Waving his jade-handled dagger in the steel dance with shining stars? , practiced martial arts. His long-cherished wish is to get a famous bow made by Qiang Yan? Shoot the sky? Catch the thief and capture the king, destroy the invasion of Qu Kui; And then what? Never has a foreign shirt offended the emperor? Never let foreign invasion pose a threat to the imperial court. At the end, the veteran once again showed his attitude: Once there was an elderly prefect, who was forgotten and far away. Is it still worthy of meritorious service in World War I? Borrowing the story of Shang Wei, it shows that as long as the court is willing to appoint a veteran, he will certainly be able to kill the enemy and serve the motherland. Shang Wei used to be the satrap in the cloud and won the morale of the army. Xiongnu dared not violate the border, and was later dismissed for the people. Feng Tang was reinstated after being wronged by him.
This poem is composed of ten sentences and one paragraph, with an organized style and a lot of allusions, and it is described from different angles and aspects? Veteran? The artistic image increases the inclusiveness of the work and fully expresses the theme of the work. The antithesis in the poem is natural, just like the aura of the whole body, which makes the content expressed by the poet like a rough jade, reaching the artistic realm of well-founded, strange, innovative and lofty words.
Posterity evaluation:
1, Shen Deqian's Tang poetry:? This kind of poem is purely a victory by confrontation. ?
About the author:
Wang Wei (70 1 year -76 1 year, 699? 76 1 year), Han nationality, born in Zhou Pu (now Yuncheng, Shanxi Province) in the Eastern Jin Dynasty in the Tang Dynasty, born in Qixian County, Shanxi Province, was a famous poet and painter in the Tang Dynasty, known as "Moshu". Wang Youcheng? In the early years, I believed in channels, but later, because of social attacks, I completely Zen. There are more than 400 poems, including Acacia and Autumn Night in the Mountain. Wang Wei, also known as Meng Haoran, studied Buddhism and Taoism and was proficient in poetry, calligraphy, painting and music. Wang Meng? . ,
Su Shi's evaluation of it is: poetry is like charm, with pictures in it; Look at the picture. There are poems in it. ?
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