The world appraised it as "the first spring in the Song Dynasty", and together with Xin Mang, it was called "the second saint" of China's money making. In a.d. 1 1.000, North Song Zhezong died, and his brother Evonne succeeded to the eighth in the Northern Song Dynasty and became Song Huizong. Hui Zong is "gifted and skilled", and he is addicted to calligraphy and painting all day long, ignoring the classical style. During his 25 years in office, he successively minted six kinds of coins, including Shengsong Bao Tong, Chongning Bao Tong (heavy treasure), Daguan Bao Tong, Zhenghe Bao Tong (heavy treasure), Zhonghe Bao Tong, Xuanhe Bao Tong (gold ingot), among which Qian Wen, Chongning Bao Tong and Daguan Tongbao were the thin gold bodies of Huizong's calligraphy. Surprisingly, this ten times thin gold calligraphy is full of treasures, with refined bronze and clear words, which has aroused the interest of many collectors of ancient coins.
Each Chongning heavy treasure weighs about 10g, which is equivalent to the weight of three Chongning Bao Tong Xiaoping coins. But it should be a small flat coin as 10. At that time, people stored small coins or sold them as top ten coins, resulting in a shortage of small coins. Up to now, it is difficult to find a small flat money in Chongning Bao Tong. The normal appearance is more than one million. Chongning Chongbao also has small money, light and thin, with a diameter of 26 mm to 27 mm and a weight of 2.5 g to 3.8 g. It is said that it can be used by converting it into two coins.
1, look at copper. Most of the coins in ancient China were cast in the form of copper alloy, so the coins showed different colors with different alloy compositions. The copper quality of coins in different times is different, and because of the different ancient smelting techniques, the ancient coins cast in different regions are also different, and each dynasty has its own characteristics. Generally speaking, coins cast by copper-zinc alloy are yellow, and coins cast by copper-tin alloy are blue. During the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, money was cast in Xinjiang, Tibet and other places, using copper and a small amount of zinc and lead, and the money was red after casting.
The coins in the pre-Qin period were mainly copper-tin alloy, and the copper was bluish red with hard texture. Most coins from the Han Dynasty to the Tang and Song Dynasties were made of bronze, which was characterized by a bluish, white and reddish copper color. Five baht money in Sui Dynasty was called white money because of its large tin content and white copper. After Jiajing in Ming Dynasty, it began to transition to brass. In the apocalypse, coins made of brass became customized, and the color of coins changed greatly compared with before. It can be seen that there are laws to follow in the casting of ancient Chinese coins.
Look at the rust color, there are two kinds of coins we see today: one is unearthed and the other is handed down from ancient times. Excavations have been buried underground for many years, and the surface is covered with bronze rust. Due to the oxidation in the air, the surface of products handed down will also have patina. Black or copper.
Copper is a relatively stable metal, which is not easy to rust at room temperature. It takes decades or even hundreds of years to produce copper oxide and basic copper carbonate. Copper oxide has different colors such as yellow, orange-red, bright red and dark brown due to different particle sizes, commonly known as "jujube skin red" and "chestnut shell".
The rust color on the surface of excavated coins is deeply dyed into coins, because its molecular structure is stable and dense, so the real rust is not easy to erase. The color of forging rust is not. Fake rust is mostly on the surface of coins, which is called "floating rust" or "powder rust". It is frivolous and easy to fall off. Often boiled in alkali water, the fake rust on it is vulnerable. There are two ways to dig up counterfeit money: (1) put counterfeit money into acetic acid and bury it underground to quickly generate rust color; (2) Put the counterfeit money into the mixed solution of brine sand (ammonium chloride), tin green (copper sulfate) and vinegar to corrode the new copper into the old color, and then stick the rust on the coin with glue. The handed down method of fake rust is to blacken, oil and wax the fake with fire. Handed down from ancient times, the real thing is calm and smooth, while the fake thing is fleeting.
The formation of green rust is different in the north and south, and the oxidation degree in acidic areas of geological belt is also serious. When it is dry and rainy in the north, the rust color is hard. It is rainy and humid in the south, and the oxide layer is loose, mostly blue-green. For example, coins in the Southern Song Dynasty were issued in the south, and more were unearthed in the south. Due to the influence of geographical environment, coins are generally blue-green. If light green rust is found, it means there is something wrong with money. If it is buried in a hot and dry place, the copper rust will be reddish purple, but this rust color will not exist alone on the money body, but will be mixed with green rust, which is called "red spot green rust". If it is found that the money body is red rust, it should be counterfeit money. It is the counterfeiter who puts the fake goods in the stove to burn red. This kind of imitation rust is superficial, and a discerning person will know it is fake at a glance.
3. Look at the inscription on the coin
A major feature of China metal coins is that they have inscriptions on them. It can be said that the font of each coin has its own characteristics, and the writing style of coin inscriptions in different times is also different. According to these characteristics, it can be checked whether it is a contemporary coin. In addition, while paying attention to the characteristics of various inscriptions, we can also find the evolution process and changing law of inscriptions. These laws and characteristics can be used as the basis for distinguishing the authenticity of ancient money.
In the pre-Qin period, the characters on metal coins such as knives, cloth and money were all written in big seal script. Although the inscriptions in Qin and Han Dynasties belong to the category of small seal script, such as Banliang and Wuzhu, they have their own styles, among which Mangqian is a hanging needle seal script. The calligraphy style of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties is complicated. Coins in the Tang Dynasty were written in eight official languages, which prevailed after the Tang Dynasty. In the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, authenticity, seal and official script were the main characters. Coins in the Northern Song Dynasty include seal, official seal, truth, travel and grass. From Shao Xi, Song Guangzong to Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the inscriptions were mainly regular script (original), and occasionally seal script and official script. As China is a multi-ethnic country, the inscriptions on coins include Mongolian, Manchu, palindrome, Tangut (Xixia) and other minority languages.
To identify whether the text of a coin is correct, we must first look at whether it conforms to the characteristics of the time; The second step is to see if it meets the characteristics of this variety. For example, although "Yihua" is a pre-Qin seal script, it also has the characteristics of Qi characters, which is different from the money characters of other countries in the same period; Found money from the Eastern and Western Zhou Dynasties. If Qian Wen wrote it in Xiao Zhuan, it is obviously a fake. Qin Banliang enjoys a high reputation among ancient coins. Its money is thick, its copper is excellent, its Qian Wen uplift is majestic, and the word "human" in the word "two" in Qin Banliang is majestic. If you find Qian Wen apartment, you will know it is fake at a glance. If you see mistakes in Manchu writing on coins in Baoyuan or Baoquan Bureau in Qing Dynasty, you should consider that Baoquan and Baoyuan Bureau are the most formal mint bureaus in Qing Dynasty, and there is absolutely no mistake in Manchu writing, so the coins you see must be counterfeit.
4, listen to the sound of ancient coins due to texture reasons, the longer the age, the more serious the oxidation, the dumber the sound thrown on the concrete floor. Generally speaking, knives, cloth and money in the pre-Qin period were dumb. After the Ming Dynasty, coins were relatively new, without deep oxidation, but their sounds were crisp and loud. If we throw the coins of the pre-Qin period on the ground with a crisp sound, then the money is not very reliable; On the other hand, if the Ming and Qing coins are dumb, it will also make people suspicious.
5. Understanding the Casting Method The casting of ancient Chinese coins probably went through several stages of development, such as sub-mold (earth, stone, copper), mother mold (brick, copper) and sand turning. Various casting methods, whether real money or fake goods, will leave corresponding marks on coins. These marks are a powerful basis for us to identify the authenticity of coins today. 6. I heard that this method is the simplest one in the identification of ancient coins. Because counterfeit money is mostly decorated with chemicals, it often emits an unpleasant and pungent chemical smell, while real money does not have this smell.
Chongning pride
Chongning Chongbao is one of the ancient coins in China. Chongning Heavy Treasure was cast in the Chongning period of Huizong in the Northern Song Dynasty (A.D.1102 ~1106), and the coins were copper, iron and silver. One-year auction of Bao Bo Online Auction Network 1 12 Chong Ning Chong Bao.
Chongning's treasure is the official script copper and iron, which is well-made and has been preserved for many times. In addition, Chongning's calligraphy is thin and golden, with iron and silver hooks, which is full of elegance and superb calligraphy. It can be called the peak of regular script in currency. The world appraised it as "the first spring in Song Dynasty", and together with Xin Mang, it was called "the second saint" of China currency. The layout of Chongning Bao Tong is changeable, and there is still iron money.
Chongning Chongbao Casting Background
Chongning pride
1 10065438+ In October, North Song Zhezong died, and his brother Evonne succeeded to the throne as the eighth of the Northern Song Dynasty. He was Song Huizong.
Hui Zong is "gifted and skilled", and he is addicted to calligraphy and painting all day long, ignoring the classical style. During his 25 years in office, he successively minted six kinds of coins, such as Shengsong Bao Tong, Chongning Bao Tong (a treasure), Daguan Bao Tong, Zhonghe Bao Tong, Xuanhe Bao Tong (an ingot), among which Qian Wen, Chongning Bao Tong and Daguan Bao Tong were the thin gold bodies of Huizong calligraphy. marvelous
Market analysis:
According to the online auction statistics of Chongning Chongbao series in Bao Bo online auction network from 2009 to 20 10, in 1 year, Chongning Chongbao 1No. * * has 1 12 lots, with a total of 23,302 views and 36 participants. Among them, the most competitive Chongning Chongbao Santie Fan starts at 400,000 RMB, with a price increase of 50,000 RMB. After 12 bidding, the transaction was finally made at 165438+ ten thousand RMB.