1895 When Madame Curie and pierre curie got married, there were only two chairs in the new house, one for each person. Pierre curie felt that there were too few chairs, so he suggested adding more chairs in case the guests had nowhere to sit. Madame Curie said, "It's good to have a chair, but the guests won't leave once they sit down. In order to have more time to do research, forget it. "
Since 19 13, Madame Curie's annual salary has increased to 40,000 francs, but she is still "stingy". Every time she comes back from abroad, she always brings back some party menus, because these menus are very thick and good pieces of paper, which are easy to write on the back. No wonder some people say that Madame Curie was "like a poor woman in a hurry" until her death.
Once, an American journalist went to visit Madame Curie. He went to the door of a fisherman's house in the village and asked a woman sitting barefoot on the slate at the door about Madame Curie's residence. The woman looked up and the reporter was surprised: it turned out that she was Madame Curie.
Story 2: Indifferent to fame and fortune
Madame Curie is famous all over the world, but she seeks neither fame nor profit. She won 10 prize, 16 medal and 107 honorary title all her life, but she didn't care. One day, a friend of hers visited her home and suddenly saw her little daughter playing with the gold medal just awarded to her by the Royal Society, so she was pleasantly surprised and said, "Madame Curie, it is a great honor to receive the medal awarded by the Royal Society. How can you play for her children? " Madame Curie said with a smile: "I want children to know from an early age that honor, like a toy, can only be played, and must not be taken too seriously, otherwise nothing will be achieved."
Nobel's father devoted himself to chemical research, especially explosives. Influenced by his father, Nobel showed a tenacious and brave character from an early age. He often went to do explosive experiments with his father, and almost spent his childhood in a loud explosion.
Nobel didn't go to school until he was eight years old, but he only studied for one year, which was the only formal school education he received.
In order to let him learn more, 1850, his father asked him to study abroad. In two years, he has been to Germany, France, Italy and the United States. Because he is good at observing and studying hard, he accumulates knowledge quickly. He soon became a multilingual scholar and a scientifically trained scientist. After returning to China, during his internship in the factory, he inspected many production processes, not only added a lot of practical technology, but also became familiar with the production and management of the factory.
In this way, Nobel, who had no formal education, finally became a scientist and inventor through hard work and persistent self-study.
Nobel made many inventions in his life and obtained 255 patents, including 129 kinds of explosives. His interest in invention is not limited to explosives. As an inventor and scientist, he has rich imagination and indomitable perseverance. He has studied synthetic rubber and man-made fibers, experimented with improving the parts of records, telephones, batteries and electric lamps, and tried to synthesize precious stones. Although these research results are not great compared with explosives, his spirit of daring to explore left a deep impression on future generations.
Nobel devoted his life to the cause of science. He lives a single life and spends most of his time in the laboratory. He is modest and prudent, kind and loyal to others. He refused to be flattered by others and refused to publish his photos and portraits in the newspaper. Long-term intense work made him break down from constant overwork, but he was still obsessed with the research of new explosives when his life was dying. 1896 10 February 10, the great scientist, inventor and experimenter died of a heart attack.
Nobel, the "king of explosives", spent most of his energy on inventions and never got married. Therefore, before her death, she made a will, stipulating that except for a small part of her legacy to her two nephews, the remaining $9.2 million will be used as a fund and interest as a bonus to be distributed to scientists and celebrities who have made great contributions to mankind in five aspects: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature and peace. 1968 added the economics prize, and 1996 added the earth environmental protection prize.
Edison and his assistants tried platinum several times, but this kind of platinum with high melting point prolonged the light-emitting time of the electric lamp a lot, but it was still not ideal to automatically extinguish and then emit light from time to time.
Undaunted, Edison continued his experimental work. He has tried rare metals such as barium, titanium and indium, and the results are not very satisfactory.
Next, he and his assistants began to test 1600 kinds of heat-resistant materials, and platinum was the most suitable one. Due to the improved air extraction method, the glass bubble is vacuum. The life of the lamp has been extended to two hours. But this kind of platinum lamp is too expensive. Who wants to spend so much money on a light that can only last for two hours?
Edison saw this scarf made of cotton yarn, and an idea suddenly appeared in Edison's mind:
Yes! Cotton yarn has better fibers than wood. Can you use this material?
He quickly tore off a cotton yarn from his scarf and carefully put this carbon filament into the glass bubble, which really worked well.
Edison was very happy. He made many carbon filaments made of cotton yarn and did many experiments. The life of the light bulb was extended by 13 hours, and then it reached 45 hours.
"I hope it can open 1000 hours, preferably 16000 hours!" Edison said.
Finally, Edison finally chose bamboo. He first took out a bamboo and put it in a glass bulb. After electrifying, the bamboo filament bulb lit continuously 1200 hours!
Keep your eyes on the ceiling
Once, he stood in the Catholic church in Pisa, staring at the ceiling, motionless. What is he doing? It turned out that he followed the pulse of his left hand with his right hand and looked at the light swinging back and forth on the ceiling. He found that although the swing of the lamp is getting weaker and weaker, the distance of each swing is gradually shortened, but the time required for each swing is the same. So Galileo made a pendulum with a suitable length to measure the speed and uniformity of the pulse. From here, he discovered the law of pendulum. This clock is made according to the law he discovered.
If you drop out of school, study hard.
The poverty of family life forced Galileo to leave college early. After dropping out of school, Galileo still studied hard at home. Thanks to his continuous efforts, he has made excellent achievements in mathematics research. At the same time, he also invented the pycnometer and wrote a paper entitled "The Center of Gravity of Solids". At this time, Galileo, 2 1 year-old, has become famous all over the country, and people call him "the contemporary Archimedes". At the age of 25, Pisa University made an exception and hired him as a professor of mathematics.
The world-famous falling body experiment
Before Galileo, Aristotle in ancient Greece thought that the speed of falling objects was different. Its falling speed is proportional to its weight. The heavier the object, the faster it falls. For example, an object weighing 10 kg falls 1 0 times faster than an object weighing1kg.
Since 1700 years ago, people have always regarded this theory that violates the laws of nature as an indisputable truth. Young Galileo boldly questioned Aristotle's theory based on his own empirical reasoning. After careful consideration, he decided to do an experiment by himself. He chose the Leaning Tower of Pisa as the experimental field. On this day, he brought two iron balls with the same size but different weights, one of which weighed 100 Jin and was solid; The other one weighs 1 kg and is hollow. Galileo stood on the leaning tower of Pisa and looked under it. The tower was crowded with people who came to watch, and everyone was talking about it. Someone sarcastically said, "This young man must be crazy! Aristotle's theory cannot be wrong! " The experiment began. Galileo took an iron ball in each hand and shouted, "Look carefully, people below, the iron ball is going to fall." With that, he opened his hands at the same time. People saw two iron balls falling in parallel and falling to the ground almost at the same time. All the people were dumbfounded. Galileo's experiment revealed the secret of falling body movement and overthrew Aristotle's theory. This experiment is of epoch-making significance in the history of physics development.
Copernicus was an outstanding Polish astronomer. After 40 years of astronomical observation, he put forward "Heliocentrism". He thinks that the center of the universe is the sun, not the earth. The earth is an ordinary planet, which revolves around the sun while rotating. Galileo believed in Copernicus' "Heliocentrism" very early. 1608 One day in June, Galileo discovered an empty tube with a convex mirror embedded in one end and a concave mirror embedded in the other end, and made the world's first small astronomical telescope. Experiments show that it can enlarge the original object three times. Galileo was not satisfied, so he further improved and made another one. He took this telescope and ran to the seaside, only to see the vast sea rolling and not seeing a boat. However, when he picked up the telescope and looked into the distance, a ship was coming to the shore from a distance. Practice has proved that it can be enlarged by 8 times. Galileo continued to improve and manufacture, and finally, his telescope could enlarge the original 32 times.
Confirmed Copernicus' Heliocentrism
Every night, Galileo used his telescope to observe the moon. He saw mountains, deep valleys and volcanic cracks on the moon. Later, I began to observe space and explore the mysteries of the universe. He found that the Milky Way is made up of many small stars. He also found that there are black spots in the sun, and the positions of these black spots are constantly changing. So he concluded that the sun itself was spinning. Galileo buried his head in observation and proved with irrefutable facts that the earth revolves around the sun, and the sun is just an ordinary star, thus proving the correctness of Copernicus' theory. 16 10, Galileo published the famous Star Messenger. People admire and say, "Columbus discovered the new continent and Galileo discovered the new universe."
I hope it helps you!