Painting reference | Save materials! Practice the basics! Reference for the 3D dynamic postures of the human body in daily life
Painting reference | Save materials! Practice the basics! Reference for the 3D dynamic postures of the human body in daily life
Painter/Mangapose
Picture source/ Mangapose animation character body step pictures, various actions, do not put them together, one by one separately
Teaching comics 01-the basic structure of the human body
Children
Children's heads are larger, generally proportional to three to four heads high.
Adults
The standing posture of the human body is seven heads high (standing seven), the sitting posture is five heads high (sitting five), and the squatting posture is three and a half heads high (squatting three and a half) , when the arms are hanging down in the standing position, the fingertips are at the halfway point of the thigh.
Old Man
Due to bone shrinkage, the proportion of the elderly is slightly smaller than that of adults. When drawing the elderly, you should pay attention to the fact that the head and shoulders are slightly closer, and the legs are slightly smaller. bending.
Basic characteristics of human gender
Male: Male shoulders are wider,
clavicle
are flat, wide and powerful, limbs are thick, and muscles are strong full.
Female: Women have narrow shoulders, larger shoulder slopes, thinner necks, slightly smaller limb proportions, thin waists, wide hips, and plump breasts. (Compiled by LSMH)
★☆★☆★☆The proportions and expressions of the human body in comics★☆★☆★☆
In order to show the beauty of the human body, some exaggerated figures are often used in comics The painting method is to do some deformation in appropriate parts, and often use some exaggeration techniques to elongate the character's figure, but the deformation is based on the basic structure of the human body. Usually the heroine is seven heads tall, while the hero is eight heads tall. Normally grasping the proportions of characters is very important for drawing good comics.
Female
Girls are characterized by rounded and soft body curves. Pay attention to the sculpting of the breasts and buttocks. The hands, arms and legs should be slender, the wrists and thighs should be in the same position, and the elbows should be near the waist. When drawing the side profile, pay attention to the relationship between the joints, hips and thighs, and the shoulders should be drawn accurately. The arms look natural. (Compiled by LSMH)
★☆★☆★☆Human body perspective☆★☆★☆★
Front front
First of all, the human body can be viewed as a rectangle. In other words, the perspective of different angles of the human body is also the perspective of different rectangular angles. Then divide the rectangle into eight segments with perspective according to the segmentation method. First draw the diagonal lines of the rectangle
, and then draw the diagonal lines according to the geometric division method. Draw a
parallel line
at the intersection, and so on to draw eight segments, because characters in comics generally have eight heads
body
, so each section of the rectangle is one head-height, and the length of the chest, elbow to fingertips, and knee to sole are all two head-heights.
Looking down
When drawing from the front or the angle directly above the back, you need to consider the perspective relationship. That is to say, the head is the largest, and it gets smaller and smaller towards the toes. The head is big, the shoulders are also big, and the hands are slightly longer and larger than the feet.
Diagonally above
The angle above diagonally gives the best sense of depth. The shoulders are bulging, and the shoulders are parallel to the feet and slightly slanted. The face is facing down. The head is very big and the neck cannot be seen. It gets smaller as it goes down. It gives the impression that the feet are short and the body is long. If you draw a shadow on the ground, the effect will be more prominent. It can express the feeling of legs perpendicular to the ground particularly clearly.
Looking up
Looking up below, draw the feeling of a neck on the shoulders. The face is upward and relatively small. The legs are longer and slightly thicker than the upper body. The feet are the largest and get smaller as they go up. It gives the impression that the feet are long and the body is short. Looking down and looking up are opposite. When drawing a human body, it is necessary to "intention first".
You should first consider what the character you want to draw is doing and what specific actions it has. Secondly, you should consider what kind of perspective to use to express the character's dynamics and personality, and gradually build a picture in your mind that has action and content. Perspectives, clear character images. (Compiled by LSMH)
★☆★☆★☆Human body-proportions★☆★☆☆
Every time we talk about the proportions of the human body, we have to use the "eight-headed body" trick ..In fact, you can draw comics no matter how many heads or bodies you have, but the eight-headed body is considered the most popular. In fact, it would be great if a real person had seven and a half heads. In comics, the themes range from two heads to more than a dozen heads. Even though the number of heads and bodies is small, It's cute, but when the arms and legs are too short to a certain extent, you can't do many movements. On the contrary, if you have more than a dozen heads and bodies, you look very handsome, but if you just make a movement, it will fill up the grid, so it is difficult to fill it. , so everyone should choose an appropriate head-to-body ratio and use it according to the direction of the plot style.
It is generally said that girls have longer legs and taller waists. In fact, this statement is specious. Maybe girls’ legs are really longer in proportion, but the feeling of high waists is mainly due to the fact that men’s waists are the thinnest. The position is slightly lower than the navel, while for women it is above the navel and at the lower edge of the ribs. This is the biggest difference in proportion between men and women. In addition, men have wider shoulders and women have wider hips.
In terms of age, the size of the head does not change much from children to adults, so children's heads are proportionally larger (isn't this common sense?) Usually when practicing, start with life-like proportions, It is easier to observe because it is easier to make changes and adjustments once you become proficient. (Compiled by LSMH)
★☆★☆★☆Character design★☆★☆★☆
In order to accurately introduce all the characters in the story to readers, you should master different How to draw people of different ages and genders. In addition, in order for the plot to impress readers more deeply, it is important to try to maximize the handsomeness, beauty, and kindness of the positive characters, and to exaggerate the cruelty and cunningness of the negative characters. It is important to avoid mediocre characters. A large part of the meaning of comics lies in its exaggeration, and this feature should be followed when designing characters.
Character drawing methods of different ages:
Babies: chubby and round, the head looks particularly big, the forehead is wide, the neck cannot be seen, the body length is equal, and the feet are Shorter.
Children: The head is larger, and the lines of the hands and feet are thinner and shorter.
Young women: The lines are relatively delicate, the shoulders are slightly slanted, the overall shape is curved, the waist is very thin, the chest is bulging, the hips are larger,
ankles
Thinner.
Young men: strong lines, wide shoulders, fan-shaped chest, waist narrower than shoulders, thick neck, big feet. Middle-aged women: More emphasis on curves than younger women, slightly smaller eyes, slightly fatter, and thicker ankles.
Middle-aged women: More emphasis on curves than younger women, slightly smaller eyes, slightly fatter, and thicker ankles.
Middle-aged men: slightly fatter than younger men, with thinner hair.
Older women: hunched over, shoulders slightly slanted, knees slightly bent.
Elderly male: hunched over, with feet apart and slightly bent, and narrow shoulders. If a cane is added, it will make him look even older
Teaching Cartoon Drawing 03-Human Body Movement rules
The head, chest and pelvis are the three largest body parts in the human body. These three parts themselves are fixed and cannot move. In addition to the limbs, the body's activities mainly rely on The movement is caused by the activities of the neck and waist. If these blocks are parallel and symmetrical to each other, the human body is stationary; on the contrary, when these blocks flex, extend, rotate, and twist forward, backward, left, and right, their changes produce human body movements.
No matter what position these three volumes are in, no matter how violent or concentrated their movements are on one side, and on the other inactive side, there is always a comparison. Soft lines are used to maintain the balance of the body, and the entire human body has a subtle and vivid sense of coordination. Therefore, all human movements will reflect the law of balance of the center of gravity of movement.
Using the side of the weight as the criterion, draw the trend line of the character's movement
to indicate the general tendency of the body, and then draw the limbs The line of motion is drawn. Understand the inclination and perspective changes of the three major body parts of the head, chest and pelvis, and grasp the key points in complex and changing movements.
The relationship between the shoulders and the pelvis can be simplified into two horizontal lines, and the most mobile spine can be simplified into a vertical line, which is referred to as "one vertical, two horizontal, and three volumes". To grasp the basic laws of human movement, such as walking, running, jumping, standing and sitting.
Caricature-like actions
It is possible that the last time you played baseball, you did not jump up in the air and spread your legs to throw the ball, and then no one bought the ticket again. Came to watch you play. The same goes for cartoon characters. Their audience is a group of people who expect to be amused. One of the joys of animation is that animation artists are always able to creatively depict a variety of common actions. As a cartoonist, you have to explore every ordinary action as a problem and express it in a funny way, but at the same time, you have to make it match the character and story
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Teaching Cartoon Drawing 03-Basic Structure of the Head
Generally divide the head into two large pieces. The upper part of the head is summarized as an oval, while the lower part of the head is summarized as a trapezoid; the detailed structure is located in the center of the oval shape of the head;
Eyebrow
Drawing It forms a rectangle, and the zygomatic bone is also seen as a rectangular parallelepiped, which is located in the upper part of the trapezoid of the head; the interspersed structure is further inward than the rectangular shape of the eyebrow arch, under the zygomatic bone; the mouth is summarized into one
Cylinder
, which is inserted into the lower part of the rectangular shape of the cheekbone; the bottom is the lower jaw, think of it as a rectangle and intersect it with the trapezoid; the nose starts from the cylindrical The upper half ends at the root of the rectangular eyebrow arch, which is also a rectangular parallelepiped; the eyes are also located at the root of the rectangular eyebrow arch; the mouth is slightly upwards from the cylindrical half. By understanding the basic structure of the head, the basic shape of the head can be drawn, which will make its body structure more accurate, and then based on this, different human heads can be drawn with slight changes.
Position:
Because the human head is a sphere, that is to say, it is three-dimensional. It is very simple to express it with a cross and a circle. On the basis of the circle, draw the cross lines on the human face, and draw the eyes, nose, and mouth according to the position of the cross lines.
Front image:
The eyes should be symmetrical from left to right, the mouth should be drawn on the middle cross line, and the nose should have a raised feeling, so it can be drawn asymmetrically. The ears should be symmetrical from left to right on both sides, and the position should be between the eyebrow arch and the bottom line of the nose. .
Three-quarter profile:
The line remains unchanged, the vertical line should be arced, and the position of the ears is between the eyebrow arch and the bottom line of the nose.
Front and side view:
The nose is prominent, and the ears are located at one-half of the character's head.
Take the front up:
With the nose as the center, the eyes and ears will feel like spheres and are tilted downwards. The distance from the eyebrow arch to the nose should be shortened, and the distance from the bottom of the nose to
The distance between the lower jaw
should be longer.
Looking up obliquely:
The biggest feature is that the eyes and nose are very close to each other, and the ears are slightly lower.
Looking down from the front:
The top of the head becomes larger, the lower jaw becomes smaller, the nose is downward, and the eyes and eyebrows are slightly raised to the outside.
Looking down from the side:
The ears are raised and the mandible is down and to the side.
Teaching Cartoon Drawing 04-Facial Structure
Face Structure
There is a theory of physiognomy and person modeling in China, which says that the shape of a person’s face can Chinese character forms are classified into eight categories: Guo, Yong, Feng, Mu, Tian, ??You, Shen, and Jia. People in the Yuan Dynasty called it "Ba Ge", and people in the Qing Dynasty called it "Bazi".
Let’s see what kind of face shape you have:
A face shaped like "eye", with a long and narrow head; a face shaped like "国", square and slightly longer;
" "U"-shaped face, square forehead, wide chin;
"A"-shaped face, forehead and cheekbones are close in width, cheek muscles are significantly retracted, and chin is narrow and pointed;
"Tian"-shaped face, square face; "Shen"-shaped face, wide at the cheekbones, narrow forehead, and pointed chin;
"Egg"-shaped face, wide at the forehead, The chin is pointed, the muscles on the face are plump, and the outline is like an egg shape;
The "you"-shaped face is narrow at the forehead and wide at the cheeks and chin.
This is the basic theory of physiognomy
Generally speaking, people with broad foreheads, thick lips, broad cheeks, simple and honest people are mostly Qin soldiers who were born in Guanzhong; (imagine Zhang Yimou) )
Those with round faces, pointed chins, alert expressions, and mostly origins from Bashu; (Comrade Xiaoping)
Those with high cheekbones, broad helixes, small eyes, strong and fierce, are the Kanto people . (Ge You, Cui Yongyuan and others)
Nose: The basic shape of the nose in painting can be imagined as a wedge shape
Eyes: Eyes are spherical and embedded in the eye sockets. It is more important when painting. Always remember that eyes are spherical
Be careful when drawing eyeballs. Leave out the highlights of the eyeballs in advance and leave some white above the pupils. This will give the eyes a sense of transparency.
When drawing the lower eyelids, try to draw them as thinly as possible.
When drawing eyelashes, do not draw the eyelashes too thickly, and use the pen neatly.
The method of drawing the side eyes is basically the same as the front side, but you need to draw an extra part of the eyelids so that they can wrap around the eyes. The side eyelashes are the longest.
When drawing eyes, you should also pay attention to the upper and lower positions of the eyes and the relationship between the eyes and the nose.
Mouth: Lips are made of muscles and come in various shapes. Although we can see the model's teeth when they open their mouths, when we draw the mouth, we do not draw them one by one, but draw them in one stroke.
Ears: In the painting, the ears are just a few strokes. But we should know how to draw all the details of the ears
Nose and mouth
The shapes of the nose and mouth in the animation are very cute, and there is no need to practice various styles in one step Learn step by step, the following examples will benefit you greatly.
Shown here is a nose and mouth in basic animation style. It consists of three basic simple shapes: a wedge-shaped nose, a slender line for the mouth, and a shorter line that defines the lower lip. (However, this shorter lower lip line does not have to be drawn. (out) In the front view as shown in the picture, you can first lightly draw some lines with a pen to determine the position of the nose and mouth. The size and shape of the nose and mouth can be adjusted according to different characters, but they must be in a straight line. To help positioning, you can draw a vertical auxiliary line as shown in the picture. The second picture above is a side view of the face, but the mouth and nose are still arranged on a curve, showing that they are in the center of the face.
It is more difficult to draw the nose and mouth from the side than from the front or the 3/4 side (actually it is more difficult to draw the front realistically). The main reason is that the lips are not easy to determine. You cannot use simple straight lines like the one above. You have to draw them honestly by yourself. Our predecessors taught us: overcome all difficulties and strive for victory! If you draw well, the effect will be quite good. The first thing to consider is the curve formed by the nose, lips and chin. The upper lip should be curved inward, while the lower lip (slightly further back in profile) should be curved outward. This can only be done with more practice, otherwise - the character's face may be drawn weirdly or the mouth may become flat.
The lower part of the face is composed of some contrasting curves. Pay attention to the drawing method of these two pictures. The curve of the nose faces the face, and then slightly curves back to the right above the upper lip. The upper lip curves inward, while the lower lip curves outward. The chin is not a simple straight line, it is a smooth outward curve.
(Compiled by LSMH)
How to draw facial expressions:
Changes in facial expressions are the key to portraying characters. Through the facial expressions of characters, readers can understand the inner feelings of the characters. , the rich expressions are full of great charm and can make the picture more vivid. The following introduces the characteristics and drawing methods of several typical expressions.
(1) Smiling face: There are many kinds of smiles, such as: smile, shy smile, serious smile, bitter smile, happy smile. Generally, the corners of the mouth are turned up (or widened), and the eyes become thinner and curved. When drawing a naughty smile, you can move the character's eyebrows up and down a certain distance, and make some changes to the two eyes, and you can also draw the tongue. .
(2) Crying: often occurs when emotions break out, such as crying with grievance or crying with joy. The general symptoms include eyebrows and eye corners tilting downward, the mouth opening wide or the corners of the mouth turning downward, and tears hanging on the face or bursting out.
(3) Anger: Generally, the eyebrows are raised, the corners of the mouth are drawn down, and the brows are furrowed.
(4) Sadness: Sadness is the greatest distress. All the lines on the face can tilt downward and become sad.
(5) Shock: usually manifested by opening the mouth wide, eyes widening, and eyebrows flying upward.
The best way to draw facial expressions is to start by imitating other people's cartoons. You also need to observe a lot and put your emotions into the drawing to draw various expressions well. 4. How to draw hands: As the saying goes, "It is difficult to draw hands when drawing people", which means that it is difficult to draw hands. To do this, you should first understand the structure of hands. The structure of the hand can be divided into two parts: the palm and the wrist. The palm should be regarded as an irregular pentagon. When drawing, the two parts should first be regarded as a whole, draw the edge of the hand, and then define the thumb. position, it is necessary to make it clear that the length of each finger is different, and the joints of the fingers should be properly bent. In the close-up picture, the two joints of the fingers should be drawn, and the outer contours of the thumb and little finger should be particularly emphasized. This will give you a more three-dimensional sense. Teach comics 05-How to draw hands and feet
How to draw hands:
As the saying goes, "It is difficult to draw hands when drawing people", which means that it is difficult to draw hands. It is more difficult. To do this, you should first understand the structure of the hand. The structure of the hand can be divided into two parts: the palm and the wrist. The palm should be regarded as an irregular pentagon. When drawing, the two parts should first be regarded as a whole, draw the edge of the hand, and then define the thumb. position, it is necessary to make it clear that the length of each finger is different, and the joints of the fingers should be properly bent. In the close-up picture, the two joints of the fingers should be drawn, and the outer contours of the thumb and little finger should be particularly emphasized. This will give a more three-dimensional feel.
The back side of the hand should be drawn with hard lines to express the hardness of the bones, and the palm side should be drawn with soft lines to express the soft texture. Fingers are very flexible, so don’t look at the five fingers separately. With the movement of the hand, the angle and shape will be different.
Female fingers are slender, the joints are not protruding, and the nails are longer. In order to express the delicate and soft feeling of female hands, the lines should be smooth and sexual.
Male palms are wider and thicker, with thicker fingers and obvious joints, which are mostly represented by hard lines. (Compiled by LSMH)
How to draw feet:
The movement pattern of the feet is expressed by the angle between the feet and the calves. Pay attention to the feet, ankles, and calves. relationship between.
When drawing, you should pay attention to the fact that the angle of the shoes changes with the movement of the feet. When drawing, you should think about the state of the feet. Different styles of shoes should use different pens to express their texture and the human structure and posture of anime characters. Material reference
Yixuehui has collected and sorted out the human body structure and posture material reference of anime characters
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