1. About the introduction of Chongwu’s poems
The scenery in the south of the Yangtze River always gives people a sense of tranquility and beauty, because there is a lot of water in the south of the Yangtze River, and the water is softer, pleasing to people’s aesthetics. .
However, after leaving Quanzhou and heading east to Hui'an City, we traveled more than 20 kilometers east to Chongwu Ancient City. When we touched the old and mottled granite walls that had gone through thousands of years, we listened to the sound of waves hitting the rocks and stared at them. When looking at the picture composed of the ancient city, waves and rocks, majesty and majesty have become an irreplaceable image. In Minnan, a beautiful and magical place where seas and mountains are connected, the Chongwu Peninsula, with a total area of ??19.6 square kilometers, is full of golden sand and clear water, rolling waves, charming and bright, and is known as the "Beidaihe in the South".
"Chongwu" is a new name. As the name suggests, it means advocating military equipment. The ancient city of Chongwu stands on the sea, facing the sea on three sides and the land on the west. In front is the rough and boundless sea, and on the back is the land. The terrain starts from the Great Smoky Mountains and winds up and down, which is very spectacular.
The ancient city of Chongwu, located on a protruding part of the southeastern coast of Fujian Province, looks like a resolute sentinel from a distance, stationed dutifully in the coastal defense of the mainland. Chongwucheng was built between Meizhou Bay and Quanzhou Bay. To the north, it faces Nanri and Meizhou of Putian; to the south, it meets Yongning and Xiangzhi of Jinjiang; to the east, it faces the Taiwan Strait and is surrounded by sea areas near the city. Islands and reefs have complex terrain and are easy to defend but difficult to attack.
Because of its strategic location, Chongwu City has been a battleground for military strategists since ancient times. Chongwu City was first built in the 20th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1387). It survived stubbornly for more than 600 years amidst the rising beacon fire and smoke.
It is said that during the Song Dynasty, there were soldiers guarding this place, which was called Chongwu Township Guards. In 981 AD, after Hui resettled the county, Xiaodou patrol village was set up here.
In the early Yuan Dynasty, it was changed to Xiaodou Inspection Department. In the early Hongwu years of the Ming Dynasty, Japanese pirates operating along the coast of Korea and my country began to cause trouble to the mainland. In 1370 AD, the Japanese pirates suddenly landed on the Kaijiang River in Xiangzhi, posing a threat to the security of the Quanzhou area.
In 1387 AD, Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, appointed Zhou Dexing, the Marquis of Jiangxia, to inspect the southeastern coast in order to defend against the invasion of Japanese pirates. Military engineering expert Zhou De, based on the characteristics of the winding coastline and dangerous terrain in Quanzhou's coastal area, adopted a joint defense approach. "One county will set up a base, and even the counties will set up guards." He built a city in the Chongwu area to become a military fortress to resist Japanese pirates. .
Chongwu City is one of the five cities in Yongningwei, Quanzhou, and belongs to a thousand-household residence in Yongningwei, Fujian. Chongwu City has a circumference of 2,567 meters, a height of 7 meters, a base width of 5 meters, and 1,304 stacks. It is built on the lowest point of the port, Zhongpi Shuiguan, with two to three floors of horse racing roads built inside. There are gates on all four sides, each with two city gates. Road, there is a beacon tower on each city gate, and a lookout tower is also set up on Lianhua Mountain, the commanding height of the city.
There is a pool, a well and a culvert leading to the front of the city on each side of the city. The four city gates are connected by cross streets in the city. In the fifteenth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1417 AD), the city wall was increased by 1.3 meters.
These city walls, huts, gate towers, moon cities, piers, fortresses and martial arts halls constitute a complete set of maritime strategic defense engineering systems in ancient my country. Ding Shaohe, the chief minister of Chongwu in the Ming Dynasty, praised: "There are fish and dragon caves on three sides of the isolated city, and the tiger and leopard pass on the two peaks."
However, the mighty Guan Guan was ravaged by Japanese pirates due to the corruption of the Ming Dynasty court, and there were hymns of the army and the people joining forces to defend the country. In the 22nd year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1424), more than a thousand Japanese pirates landed from the mountains, burning, killing and looting.
Zhang Duo of Qianhu, who was a Chongwu warrior, led the soldiers and civilians to rise up against the Japanese and fought to the death, finally saving the ancient city and avoiding the massacre by the Japanese pirates. At the end of the 39th year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (AD 1560), Japanese pirates attacked Chongwu City. The entire city's soldiers and civilians fought bloody battles. Due to the isolation and helplessness, the ancient city fell and was plundered by 42 Japanese pirates.
In the first year of Longqing of the Ming Dynasty (1567 AD), Qi Jiguang, a famous anti-Japanese general, came to Chongwu in person to command the suppression of Japanese pirates, and finally eliminated the Japanese pirates. In addition, as a coastal defense fortress, Chongwu Ancient City was also the stronghold for Zheng Chenggong to sail eastward to regain Taiwan, and also the maritime base for the People's Liberation Army to sail south to liberate Xiamen, his motherland.
During the Taiwan Strait Crisis in 1956, the ancient city of Chongwu was also the main battlefield in the Chongwu Naval Battle, which fought back against the naval invasion of the U.S. and Chiang Kai-shek coalition forces.
Haimen Xiongguan - Chongwu Ancient City, with its heroic history, stands as the outpost of mainland coastal defense, and with its unyielding spirit, it has established the cultural homeland of Chongwu people.
Throughout the ages, Chongwu has been a place for literati to sing about the present, cherish the past, and express their emotions and aspirations. "Hush and suck the earth's veins in Cangming, spit out the sun and moon to suppress the Tianchi" is a sentence inscribed on the Longhou Rock in Chongwu by Dai Zhuofeng, a native of Hui'an, the chief envoy of the Ming Dynasty.
While describing the majestic momentum of the ancient city of Chongwu, it also expresses his heroic spirit of seeing the wise and thinking of others. The stone carvings "Deep in Haimen" among the rocky cliffs and cliffs in the canyon on the southern outskirts of Chongwucheng were written by Huang Wuye, a famous poet, calligrapher and painter of the Ming Dynasty.
After "ten years of staying away from Jiangwan", the poet returned to his homeland in 1569 AD after the Japanese invasion was pacified, and sang about the peaceful scene after the Japanese invasion: "Watching the war in the south of the sea and the sky" When the dust has gathered, people are singing on the flat sands of the desert, the fishing boats are already making smoke and rowing, and the farmers are living on the waterside island again. "The ancient city of Chongwu is not only full of the footprints of poets, poets and dignitaries, but also because of its beautiful land and natural scenery. , is also a treasured place for monks and Taoists to practice Feng Shui with great concentration.
In Chongwu City, there are more than 30 temples and nunneries that are still well preserved. Among them are "Yunfeng Temple" and "Shuichao Temple" in the Song Dynasty, "Guandi Temple" and "Dongyue Temple" in the Ming Dynasty, as well as the "Tianfei Palace" dedicated to Mazu, the goddess of the sea, and the "Lingfei Palace" commemorating local meritorious figures. Anwang Temple" etc.
So far, there is an endless stream of worshipers and the incense is flourishing. There are many famous people's inscriptions on these antique buildings and residential houses in the past, which give the ancient city a simple and elegant humanistic atmosphere.
"Hometown of Stone Sculpture" is an elegant name for another culture of Chongwu. On both sides of the road to Chongwu, there are piles of finished and semi-finished stone carvings. There are also countless stone carving workshops. The stone carving products are all-encompassing, including round sculptures, relief sculptures, shadow sculptures, and stele stones, with nearly two hundred varieties. .
Laojunyan is a fine piece of ancient stone carving, and is known as "Laozi is the best in the world". It was slightly carved from cliff stone by craftsmen of the Song Dynasty. It is 5.63 meters high and 8.01 meters wide. Facing the sea and having mountains on its back, it is naturally imposing. It is the earliest and largest ancient sculpture of Laojun in existence.
Land art rock carving is a masterpiece of modern stone carving. The famous painter Professor Hong Shiqing used the original form of the rocks and cliffs under the ancient city of Chongwu to create various images between concrete and abstract. There are more than 170 pieces, one-third of which are based on the shape of the original reef, one-third are carved with art and artificial materials, and one-half are left to allow time to benefit nature. 2. Guide words about the scenic spot Chongwu Ancient City (see inside for details
Chongwu Ancient City Scenic Area is a characteristic tourist scenic area integrating coastal scenery, historical relics, folk customs and sculpture art. It has always been Known as the "Natural Studio" and "Beidaihe in the South" by the world, Chongwu Ancient City is the only relatively complete stone city in my country and a relatively complete historical site in the history of my country's coastal defense. It is a "national key cultural relic protection unit". /p>
Chongwu Ancient City is located on the southeast coast of Hui'an County, close to the Taiwan Strait. It was built by Zhou Dexing, Marquis of Jiangxia in the 20th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1387), to resist Japanese pirates when he was conducting coastal defense operations. The famous Japanese generals Qi Jiguang and Yu Dayou visited Chongwu, and the "Weizhen Haibang" carved on the north city gate was passed down as written by Qi. In the eighth year of Shunzhi reign of the Qing Dynasty (1651), Zheng Chenggong stationed here to fight against the Qing Dynasty. It is said that there is a "horseshoe stone" left behind in 1988. It is listed as the third batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council. Inside and outside the ancient city, there are more than 20 ancient architectural remains such as palaces, temples and temples that were built in the Song, Ming and Qing dynasties and have been repaired and continued to this day. Visit the group of historical sites in Jigu, especially the Longhou Rock in Dazha Mountain, 3 kilometers outside the city. There are both Neolithic ruins and cliff carvings written by the famous painter Hong Shiqing in Banyue Bay outside the city. There is also a modern stone carving expo park and a modern stone carving expo park under the ancient city. Provincial-level seaside forest park. Visiting the ancient city is enough to explore the ancient sights.
Source: 3. If you have any questions about Chongwu Ancient City, please tell me
Chongwu Ancient City. It is the only relatively complete stone city remaining in my country and a relatively complete historical site in the history of my country's coastal defense. It is a "national key cultural relic protection unit".
Chongwu Ancient City is located at the southern end of Chongwu Peninsula, 24 kilometers southeast of Hui'an County, Quanzhou City. In recent years, the elegant environment of the Chongwu Peninsula and the folk customs of the fishing village have aroused widespread interest among many tourists; and this majestic ancient city on the peninsula has attracted countless experts, scholars and tourists who have traveled thousands of miles to come here. My friends must feel the same way, right? If we want to understand the ancient city of Chongwu, we must go back to its roots and start from the beginning. Chongwu is located on the protruding part of the southeastern coast of Fujian Province. It faces the sea on three sides and is connected to the land to the west. The terrain starts from the Great Smoky Mountains and is winding and undulating, which is very spectacular. It is sandwiched between Meizhou Bay and Quanzhou Bay. To the north, it is a horn with Nanri and Meizhou of Putian; to the south, it is a horn with Yongning and Xiangzhi of Jinjiang; and it faces the Taiwan Strait to the east. The nearby sea area is full of islands and reefs, and the terrain is complex, easy to defend and difficult to attack. It is a strategically located national defense fortress and has always been a battleground for military strategists. Chongwu means advocating for military equipment. It is said that during the Song Dynasty, this place was called Shojieli, Chongwu Township. After Hui resettled the county in the sixth year of Taiping's reign in the Song Dynasty (AD 981), Xiaodou patrol village was set up here. In the early Yuan Dynasty, it was changed to Xiaodou Inspection Department. In the third year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1370), a group of Japanese pirates operating in Korea and along the coast of my country suddenly landed on the Hajiang River in Xiangzhi, posing a threat to the security of the Quanzhou area. In the 20th year of Hongwu (1387 AD), Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang appointed Jiangxia Hou Zhou Dexing to inspect the southeast coast in order to defend against Japanese invasion. Zhou Dexing was an expert in military engineering. Based on the twists and turns of the coastline and the difficult terrain of Quanzhou's coastal areas, he "set up a military base in one county, and a garrison in the next county." At that time, Quanzhou established Yongning Guards, which had jurisdiction over five stations, namely Fuquan, Zhongzuo, Jinmen, Gaopu, and Chongwu. Hui'an established five cities, namely Chongwu City, Taku City, Xiaoqian City, Huangqi City and Fengwei City. Chongwucheng is one of the five cities and belongs to a thousand-household settlement in Siyongningwei, Fujian. It has been more than 600 years since the city was founded. The ancient city of Chongwu is entirely made of white granite. The city wall is 2,457 meters long, the city base is 5 meters high, the wall is 7 meters high, and there is a two-story horse race. There are 1,304 wall plates, 1,300 arrow windows and 26 dens on the wall. There are city gates on all sides. Each inner gate is 3.2 meters high and 1.3 meters wide. Each front gate is 2.6 meters high and 0.9 meters wide. The east, west and north gates are similar, each with two gates. Each has a beacon tower and a wall outside the south city gate. There is also a lookout at the commanding heights of Lianhua Mountain in the city. There is a pool and a well on each side of the city and a culvert leading to the front of the city. The cross streets in the city connect the four gates. In the fifteenth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1417), the city wall was increased by 1.3 meters. These city walls, nests, gate towers, moon cities, piers, defense villages and martial arts halls constitute a complete strategic defense engineering system in ancient my country. Ding Shaohe, the chief minister of the Ming Dynasty, once praised it in a poem: "There are three fish and dragon caves in the isolated city, and the two peaks of Daxi are the Tiger and Leopard Pass." As the forefront of coastal defense, the ancient city of Chongwu once bore the brunt of the Japanese invasion in the Ming Dynasty and was attacked repeatedly. It also suffered defeat and fell into the city, with iron horses wailing. For hundreds of years, generations of soldiers and civilians in the ancient city have relied on natural barriers and protection. The solid stone city has experienced the baptism of blood and fire, and used its life to compose evocative battle poems. The "Dragon Protector", "Chongshan Official", "Chongbao Temple", "Yuanji Palace", "Twelve Masters", etc. here were all built by the soldiers and civilians of the ancient city to commemorate the heroes who sacrificed their lives in the anti-Japanese war. When Zuiwu built the city, soldiers from various places were assigned to defend it. It is still known as "a hundred surnames, ten thousand people" (there are still 98 surnames). The soldiers lived and multiplied here and made an indelible contribution to the defense of the ancient city. According to historical records, in the 22nd year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1424), more than a thousand Japanese pirates landed from the mountains, burning, killing and looting. Zhang Rong, a Qianhu of Chongwu, led the soldiers and civilians to rise up against the Japanese and fought to the death, finally saving the ancient city and avoiding a disaster in Chongwu City. In the first month of the 39th year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (AD 1560), Japanese pirates attacked Chongwu City. The entire city's soldiers and civilians fought bloody battles. Due to being isolated and helpless, the city ran out of food and fell. The Japanese pirates invaded the city and looted it for 42 days, committing all kinds of crimes, which was outrageous. In the first year of Longqing in the Ming Dynasty (1567 AD), Qi Jiguang, a famous anti-Japanese general, came to Chongwu in person to command the suppression of Japanese invaders, so that the people could live and work in peace and contentment. Ten years after the Japanese rebellion was quelled, Chongwu has become an important town on the southeast coast. In addition, as a witness to history, Chongwu Ancient City also witnessed Zheng Chenggong’s army marching eastward to regain the treasure island of Taiwan, witnessed Chongwu soldiers and civilians sailing south with the People’s Liberation Army to liberate Xiamen Island, the southern gate of the motherland, and witnessed Premier Zhou’s victory in 1956. Personally commanded the Chongwu naval battle, sinking and damaging the invading U.S. and Chiang Kai-shek warships "Yongtai" and "Yongchang".
The soldiers and soldiers in the ancient city were brave and adept at fighting, which is inspiring; while the literati and scholars in Gucheng deeply loved their hometown, and their enthusiastic praise of their hometown aroused strong praise from future generations. The stone carvings "Deep in Haimen" among the rocky cliffs and gorges in the southern outskirts of Chongwucheng were written by Huang Wuye, a famous poet, calligrapher and painter. Huang Wuye once "avoided chaos and left Jiangwan for ten years." In the third year of Longqing (AD 1569), the Japanese invasion was pacified and Huang Wuye returned to his homeland. With great joy, he sang the peaceful scene after the Japanese were pacified: "Looking to the south of the sea and the sky, the dust of war has been collected, and the flat sand in the desert is singing. The fishing boats are already making smoke and rowing, and the farmers are living on the waterside island again." Dai Zhuofeng, a native of Hui'an, the chief envoy of the Ming Dynasty, also carved a couplet on Longhou Rock in Chongwu: "Hush and suck the Cangming Han ground veins, spit and swallow." "The sun and moon hold down Tianchi," highly summarizes Chongwu's majestic momentum and reflects the eternal heroism of the sages. Today's Chongwu City still preserves more than 30 temples and nunneries built in the Song, Ming and Qing dynasties, mainly residential buildings.