This poem was written by Su Shi when he was in Mizhou, and it was an early poem of Su Shi. This is a typical lyric work by borrowing scenery, with scenery on the top and lyric on the bottom. Su Shi boarded the detached platform and took advantage of what he saw to express his mentality at that time.
Beyond the platform
There are several stations that are famous all over the country because of Su Shi, and they have been circulating for thousands of years. Beyond the station is one of them.
Chaorantai is a high-rise city wall in Mizhou (now Zhucheng, Shandong Province). When Su Shi took office, the platform was abandoned and Su Shi repaired it. Su Zhe named it "Transcendental Platform" according to the meaning of "Although I have a glorious outlook, I am detached" in Laozi. "Transcendental" means transcendental and happy understanding of life. Su Shi's "The Story of the Transcendental Platform" made the Transcendental Platform famous all over the country, and Su Shi's very famous "When is the Bright Moon" was completed in one go on this stage. Standing on an independent platform, you can see the whole city of Michigan.
The wind is slanting.
At the top of the poem, I simply wrote down the spring scenery of Mizhou City.
At this time, it is not yet late spring, and the breeze blows over the willow branches and gently shakes them. When Su Shi boarded the detached platform and looked out, he saw the scenery of the whole city: the nearby moat (trench) was half full of water, and the spring flowers in the city were blooming one after another. In the distance, misty rain hangs over thousands of families, and the hazy atmosphere reveals the smell of fireworks.
Among the missing descriptions, a misty spring scene in Michigan is depicted in light ink. Climbing high and looking far, you can see the whole city. The three quantifiers "semi-moat", "one city" and "thousand houses" are skillfully used. The switching between the close shot and the distant shot makes the colors form a strong contrast, and the color changes in different time and space in spring are written. The poet's mood also changes with the scenery in front of him, which paves the way for the lyricism of Xiaque.
Cold Food Festival
What Xiaque calls "cold food" is a traditional festival in China, usually one or two days before Tomb-Sweeping Day.
The origin of the Cold Food Festival is related to the meson push in the Spring and Autumn Period. Jin Wengong Zhong Er, one of the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period, was exiled overseas in his early years and had no food. Xie tui cut off a piece of meat from his leg and gave it to Zhong Er. Zhong Er was very moved. When Zhong Er became king, Jiezitui didn't like others' striving for merit, and took his mother into the mountains to live in seclusion. Jin Wengong himself went to the mountains to look for it, but he couldn't see it, so he let Yamakaji go. The meson pushed his mother and burned to death under the tree. Jin Wengong admired his loyalty and filial piety.
Later generations set up the "Cold Food Festival" to commemorate meson's loyalty to the monarch and disdain for fame and fortune. Cold food festival, you can only eat cold food such as fruits and snacks, and you can't make a fire. The fire born after the Cold Food Festival is also called a new fire. The Cold Food Festival is a very important part of China culture, and it also has the significance of commemorating the dead. Similar to the custom in Tomb-Sweeping Day, it is necessary to go home to worship the ancestors.
Poetry, wine and time.
At the beginning of Xia Que, the stage was named after the Cold Food Festival. The custom of Cold Food Festival undoubtedly aggravated Su Shi's homesickness. The poet wants to drown his sorrows by drinking, but when he wakes up, he can only sigh: the past that he can't go back, the hometown that he can't go back to. At this time, Su Shi had been an official for many years and rarely went home. In this situation and this festival, Su Shi misses the land, people and things in his hometown more.
"Don't miss your old friend and country" is the turning point of the whole poem. The "old friend" here is said to be Zhao, who has just arrived in Michigan. Zhao is Su Shi's hometown in Sichuan. Villagers should burst into tears when they meet, but Su Shi should get rid of homesickness and not immerse himself in the past, just like making new tea with new fire, and look forward to everything. Su Shi made tea to dispel his thoughts about his motherland. At the end, "poetry and wine take advantage of the situation" is the finishing touch, echoing the beginning of "spring is not old". Don't feel sorry for yourself, take advantage of the good times to drink, write poems and enjoy life, which shows Su Shi's detached and free-spirited demeanor.
The whole word closely revolves around the word "detachment", and both poets and readers have entered the highest realm of detachment. The sentence pattern of Xiaque is ingenious, which is not only relatively up and down, but also self-correcting, forming a neat sentence pattern and rich in structural beauty. The style of the whole poem is fluent, heroic and free and easy. The delicate descriptions of oblique willows, terraced fields, misty rain and fresh tea made by Xin Huo vividly show the poet's subtle and complicated inner activities, which closely link the scenery of a foreign land with the feeling of homesickness. He writes about homesickness and detachment from things, looks at life with an indomitable attitude, resolves all kinds of melancholy, and has a beautiful and natural brushwork and a rich aftertaste.
In Looking at the South of the Yangtze River, there is still the helplessness and melancholy of the poet who is unwilling to be paid after being excluded by the imperial court, but Su Shi has realized some truth in his life, which shows that Su Shi is open and detached.
Su Shi is a bold and unconstrained poet, but his graceful and restrained words are also very distinctive. In addition to this poem, the implication of Xinyi and Ding Fengbo's return of the South China Sea to Wang Dingguo to serve people and foster mothers are excellent euphemisms.