Wang Wei's Crossing xiangji temple is a well-known masterpiece handed down from generation to generation. Every time it is recited, it is always infected by the poetry and ambition in the poem. I always want to express my feelings quickly and then I have to be relieved.
xiangji temple, formerly known as Kaili Temple, was built in the heyday of the Tang Dynasty. In the second year of Yonglong, Tang Gaozong, it was on the Shenheyuan in Chang 'an County, Shaanxi Province, and later renamed xiangji temple. "Xiang Ji" is taken from the Vimala Sutra: "Vimala sent eight Bodhisattvas to all the fragrant countries to pay homage to the Buddha, hoping to get what the supreme ate, so Xiang Ji Tathagata filled the incense bowls with rice." Xiangji temple is a famous temple in the Tang Dynasty. There are various legends about the origin of xiangji temple. It is conceivable that xiangji temple's incense is flourishing.
Wang Wei (71-761 AD) was a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. His life has been ups and downs. He lost his wife in middle age and never married again. After forty years old, he began to live a life of official and seclusion. First he lived in seclusion in Zhongnanshan, and then he lived in Wangchuan Villa, reading scriptures and participating in meditation. His younger brother, Wang Jin, wrote in "Entering the King's Satoshi Collection Table": "As for his later years, Mijia entered the Tao, sitting in an empty room, thinking that there is no life." Or at this point, it makes Crossing xiangji temple inevitable for Wang Wei.
The five-character poem Crossing xiangji temple was written by Wang Wei when he was in Chang 'an:
not knowing the way to the Temple of Heaped Fragrance, under miles of mountain-cloud I have wandered. Ancient trees towering but no pedestrian path, where the mountains in the temple bell. The spring water in the mountain hit the dangerous rocks, and the sun in the pine forest was also cold. In the evening, come to the empty pool, quietly Zen meditation to suppress the heart dragon.
This poem further proves that Wang Wei is known as "Shi Fo" and "master". He is good at depicting magnificent mountains and rivers, as well as deep and quiet scenery. His language is fresh and refined, his artistic conception is muddy and lofty, and his poetry and painting are completely integrated. He is called "painting in poetry" and "poetry in painting" (Su Shi's language) and is regarded as the founder of the pastoral poetry school. Wang Wei also worships Buddhism and is deeply influenced by Zen thought. He often writes Zen with Zen poems, expounds Buddhist Zen principles and hermit life, and has a unique poetic realm of willfulness and nature.
The first couplet of the poem became popular, and the writer walked for miles in the misty mountains, but he still didn't see where xiangji temple was. The word "I don't know" shows a feeling of surprise, which is actually a feeling that the author begged. I always hear people say that xiangji temple is thriving. "I don't know" that xiangji temple has such ostentation and extravagance. It's really not easy to really see xiangji temple's true face, and a Zen will come out.
The couplet and the neck couplet describe the secluded environment of the ancient mountain forest temple: "through ancient woods without a human track, but now on the height I hear a bell". That is to say, the ancient trees are lined with roads, and people are silent. Suddenly, I heard the bells ringing in the forest, but I still don't know how far it is from xiangji temple. These two strokes can arouse the feeling of piety, and the sound and silence are commensurate, vividly showing the deep and secluded mountains, resulting in a lofty and secluded artistic conception. Here, "no one" and "where" are actually not real references, but the presentation of the poet's skills and belong to the pen of shape. Xiangji temple is famous all over the world, and there are many pilgrims. How can there be no one? No one refers to a person without vulgarity. With a pious heart, the poet walks on the mountain path leading to xiangji temple in the high mountains and dense forests, and poetry comes from the heart.
The sentence "a rillet sings over winding rocks, the sun is tempered by green pines" is written by the senses, and the poet uses the four images of "Spring Sound", "Dangerous Stone", "Sun Color" and "Pine" in an inverted sentence, and uses two precise words that are similar to people's "swallowing" and feeling like "cold" to express the subtle spring sound and the striking silence of the sun color. The stream flows over dangerous rocks, making a sound as thin as a whisper, which will never disturb the Buddha's heart; The sunset is dim, and the afterglow is sprinkled on the cool pines, which adds a bit of silence. Here, the words "pharynx" and "cold" are used accurately and skillfully, and they have been praised as a model of refining Chinese characters in past dynasties. As Zhao Diancheng, a Qing Dynasty man, commented in Annotations on Wang Youcheng Collection: "The next word' swallow' suddenly makes you feel quiet; If you write the word' cold', you will see the secluded scenery. " In these two sentences, the author gives the dangerous stone and the pine a Zen meaning. This situation is also that the sound of the spring is slightly swallowing and the sun is not impetuous, rendering the mountain temple far away from the fireworks in the world and inaccessible to the layman.
The poet has been building a business for a long time, but he didn't write about the scenery in the temple at dusk. Instead, he wrote about the emptiness and solitude outside the temple and the twists and turns on the beach. He followed the monks into meditation and went straight to Zen. Inspired by the Zen mind of the situational poet, the famous sentence "thought can conquer the Passion-Dragon" is full of Zen and philosophy! The two Buddhist words are naturally bonded together to spell out a complete poem. An Zen means that Buddhists meditate quietly, and their body and mind are in a state of meditation and meditation. Drug-making dragon is a Buddhist story. It is said that there was a poisonous dragon in a water pool in the west, which was subdued by Buddhist monks with boundless Buddhism. In this twilight, the poet came to the long-awaited Buddhist temple, and finally found his support and destination through hard work. It is said that Buddhism can restrain all worldly distractions and delusions in people's hearts. It is these last two sentences that push the artistic conception of the whole poem to a climax. On the one hand, it expresses the poet's psychological needs and devotion to the Buddha, on the other hand, it also shows Wang Wei's superb skills in controlling the situation in his extremely powerful poetry creation, and expresses the philosophical height of his thoughts.
To sum up the whole poem, this is a true description of the poet's journey to xiangji temple, which is generally considered as a portrayal of his Zen-silent mood after his passive birth. I don't think so. From a cultural point of view, the positive significance of religion is also obvious. The poet has expounded the positive self-cultivation mentality in his poems. By the pond in front of the temple, meditation is in meditation, and the thoughts of dust are gone. From the simple world, the Zen machine that realizes the distance, the thoughts of oneself are still the thoughts of others, the Buddhism is boundless, and the dragon can be overwhelmed. How many people can achieve such a state? The poet created two realms from the superficial to the deep, namely, transcending worldly customs and forgetting oneself to enter Zen, so that the external scenery and the internal Zen reflected each other, thus leading the reader step by step into the undisturbed and quiet Zen he longed for. The poet is praised for his good thoughts and different opinions in his poems.