Basic introduction
Name: Cao Ren
Character: Zixiao
Time: 168-223 (56 years old)
Birthplace: Qiao County, Peiguo, Yuzhou (now Bozhou, Anhui)
Official position: General of Wei
Posthumous title: Zhonghou
Achievements: Defeated Yuan Shu, Ren Suo gained a lot, defeated Tao Qian's army and Tao Qian's general Lu You, defeated Gouyang, captured Lu Bu's general Liu He, defeated Yuan Shao's army in the battle of Jiluoshan, was defeated in the battle of Wei and Wu in Nanjun and fled, and defeated Ma Chao in Weinan. , defeated the rebel generals Subo, Tian Yin and Hou Yin, blocked Guan Yu's attack and defeated Shao in the Battle of Xiangfan, Wei and Shu.
Family members: Father: Cao Chi, sons: Cao Tai, Cao Kai, Cao Fan, younger brother: Cao Chun
Historical Chronology
193 AD In the fourth year of Chuping reign of Emperor Xian of the Eastern Han Dynasty
When Cao Cao defeated Yuan Shu, Cao Ren made many achievements. During the expedition to Xuzhou, Cao Ren often led the army and cavalry and served as the vanguard in front of the battle. Don't attack Tao Qian's general Lu You, the governor of Xuzhou, and defeat the enemy. Then he joined the army in Pengcheng and defeated Tao Qian's army. Later, he attacked Feixian, Huaxian, Jimo, and Kaiyang (the above are all counties under the jurisdiction of Xuzhou). Tao Qian sent his men to rescue the counties, but they were all defeated by Cao Ren.
AD 195, the second year of Emperor Xingping's reign in the Eastern Han Dynasty
Cao Cao conquered Lu Bu, sent Cao Renbie to attack Juyang, successfully captured the city, and regained Liu He, Lu Bu's general.
AD 196, the first year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty
After Cao Cao defeated the Yellow Turban, he welcomed Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty and established his capital in Xuchang. He also worshiped Cao Ren as the prefect of Guangyang because of his military merits. Cao Cao valued his heroic military strategy very much, so he did not let Cao Ren guard the county, but let him supervise the army as Yilang.
AD 198, the third year of Jian'an under Emperor Xian of the Eastern Han Dynasty
In the campaign against Zhangxiu, Cao Renbie attacked the surrounding counties and captured more than 3,000 people in the city. When Cao Cao's army retreated, Zhang Xiu sent troops to pursue him. Cao Cao's army was at a disadvantage and his soldiers were all discouraged. Only Cao Ren rose up and provoked the soldiers. The morale of the army was very high. Cao Cao made great use of his actions and finally defeated Zhang Xiu.
In the fourth year of Jian'an in 199 AD, Emperor Xian of the Eastern Han Dynasty
In the second month of spring, Zhang Yang was killed by his general Yang Chou, and Yang Chou was killed by Sui Gu. Sui Gu attracted the public to surrender. Yuan Shao, stationed at Shooting Dog. In the fourth month of summer, Cao's army marched towards Linhe, and Cao Ren and Shi Huan crossed the river to attack Suigu. Suigu sent Zhang Yang's old chief Shi Xue Hong and Hanoi governor Miao Shang to stay behind to shoot the dog, while he led his troops north to search for Yuan Shao for help. However, he met Cao Ren and others in Dog City. The two armies fought, and Cao's army won a great victory and killed Sui Gu.
AD 200, the fifth year of Emperor Xian's reign in the Eastern Han Dynasty
Runan surrendered the traitor Liu Pi and others in response to Yuan Shao's rebellion and invaded Xu land. Yuan Shao sent Liu Bei to help Liu Pi, but Cao Ren defeated Bei's army. During the Battle of Guandu, Cao Cao and Yuan Shao had a long stalemate. Yuan Shao sent Liu Bei to attack Jian and Qiang counties, and many counties responded. From the south of Xuchang, the officials and people were very uneasy, and Cao Cao was also worried about it. At this time, Cao Ren said: "The counties in the south thought that our army was in urgent need of Guandu and could not rescue them. However, Liu Bei was suppressing the territory with a large army at this time. Their betrayal was normal. But Liu Bei's troops who had just conquered Yuan Shao were not able to rescue them yet. Once it is used, it can be destroyed with one blow." Cao Cao agreed, so he ordered Cao Ren to send his cavalry to attack Liu Bei and drive him away. Cao Ren finally recovered all the rebel counties and returned. Later, Yuan Shao sent his general Han Xun to cut off Cao Jun's westward route, but Cao Ren defeated him at Jiluo Mountain. Yuan Shao did not dare to send out any more troops from then on. Cao Ren, Shi Huan and others also intercepted grain trucks and burned all the grain.
AD 205, the tenth year of Emperor Xian's reign in the Eastern Han Dynasty
Hebei was established, and Cao Ren came to Huguan from Wei Gao. At that time, Cao Cao ordered: "After the city is captured, all the enemy troops will be trapped." The result was that it lasted for months. Cao Ren said to Cao Cao: "When you besiege a city and attack Guo, you must declare a living door to the enemy in order to open up a way for them to survive. Now that my lord has declared to the enemy that they will die if the city falls, the enemy will defend it firmly. Moreover, this city is strong and has plenty of food. If you want to attack, your soldiers will be exhausted; if you want to defend, you will be delayed for a long time; it is not a good idea to garrison troops under a strong city and attack the defenders." Cao Cao listened to his words, and the city surrendered immediately. So he included Cao Ren's military achievements before and after, and made him the capital of Tinghou.
AD 209, the 14th year of Jian'an by Emperor Xian of the Eastern Han Dynasty
After conquering Jingzhou from Cao Cao, Cao Ren was granted the title of General Zhengnan, and stayed in Jiangling to defend against the attacking Wu general Zhou Yu. Zhou Yu led an army of tens of thousands, and thousands of his vanguards had arrived. Cao Ren ascended the city to look into the distance, and recruited 300 men, so he ordered his general Niu Jin to challenge the army. However, Wu's army was large and Niu and Jin's army was small, so they were surrounded. Cao Ren and Chen Jiao, the chief minister, were both on the city. They saw Niu Jin and other three hundred people dying in danger, and everyone on the left and right turned pale and frightened. But Cao Ren was furious and called for horses. Chen Jiao and others knew that Cao Ren wanted to go down to the city to rescue Niu Jin, so they pulled Cao Ren together and said: "The thieves are so powerful that they are unstoppable. Why not give up these hundreds of people, while the general We must fight with our bodies!" Cao Ren didn't respond. He was mounted on his horse and led dozens of his men out of the city. They were more than a hundred steps away from the enemy and were approaching the city ditch. Chen Jiao and others thought that Cao Ren was just staying on the ditch to support Niu Jin. Unexpectedly, Cao Ren actually crossed the ditch and rushed forward, rushing into the enemy siege. Niu Jin and others were rescued. . However, the remaining enemy soldiers had not yet been exhausted, and Cao Renfu rushed in again, pulled out the remaining soldiers from the siege, killed several enemies, and drove the enemy troops back. When Chen Jiao and others first saw Cao Ren rushing out, they were all frightened. Until they saw Cao Ren returning to the city, they had to sigh: "The general is really a man of heaven!" The three armies were all impressed by his bravery. Cao Cao further demonstrated his achievements and was granted the title of Marquis of Anping Ting.
AD 211, the 16th year of Jian'an by Emperor Xian of the Eastern Han Dynasty
When Ma Chao was attacked in the west, Cao Ren became the general of Anxi. The governor generals refused to defend Tongguan and defeated Ma Chao south of the Wei River. At that time, Su Bo and Tian Yin in Hejian rebelled. Cao Ren then led the general Qiaoqi and commanded seven armies to defeat Tian Yin and others. Cao Cao resumed his campaign with Cao Ren to conquer the South. During the holidays, he stationed in Fancheng and shouldered the important task of guarding Jingzhou.
AD 217, the 22nd year of Jian'an reign of Emperor Xian of the Eastern Han Dynasty
Cao Ren, Xiahou Dun and Zhang Liao lived in Tunchao.
The 23rd year of Emperor Xian’s reign in the Eastern Han Dynasty (218 AD)
When he was young, Cao Ren was dissolute and did not practice self-discipline. When he grew up and became a general, he became strict and abiding by the law and often set rules. Follow the rules and act according to the rules. When Cao Zhang, the Marquis of Yanling, was campaigning against Wuwan in the north, his brother Cao Pi wrote a letter admonishing Cao Zhang: "A general must be loyal and abide by the law, shouldn't he be like Zheng Nan (General Zheng Nan, referring to Cao Ren)?"
In AD 219, the twenty-fourth year of Emperor Xian's establishment in the Eastern Han Dynasty
At that time, Hou Yin rebelled in Wancheng and gathered thousands of people. Cao Ren reacted quickly and led his troops to attack Hou Yin, beheaded him, and massacred Wancheng. , and then returned to Fancheng and worshiped him as the general who conquered the south. Later, when Guan Yu attacked Fancheng, the Han River surged and overflowed. Yu Jin and other seven supporting armies were drowned, and Yu Jin surrendered to Guan Yu. Cao Ren defended the city with thousands of troops, and the city was deeply flooded. Guan Yu came to the city by boat and surrounded Fancheng heavily, cutting off the inside and outside of Fancheng. The food supply was also running out and reinforcements had not yet arrived. Cao Ren first provoked the soldiers and showed his determination to die. All the soldiers were moved but had no second thoughts. Later, Xu Huang led troops to rescue him, and the flood abated slightly, so Xu Huang attacked Guan Yu from the outside, and Cao Ren broke out from the inside, finally repelling Guan Yu.
In 220 AD, the twenty-fifth year of Emperor Xian's founding in the Eastern Han Dynasty (the first year of Yankang) and the first year of Huangchu of Emperor Wen of Wei
When Cao Pi ascended the throne as Emperor Wen of Wei, he worshiped Cao Ren as a chariot general and governor. The military forces of Jing, Yang, and Yi states were granted the title of Marquis of Chen, adding 2,000 households to the city, and 3,500 households were added to the former army. He also gave Cao Ren's father, Cao Chi, the posthumous title of Chen Muhou, and set up ten families to guard the tomb. Cao Ren was summoned back to garrison Wancheng. At that time, Sun Quan sent his general Chen Shao to guard Xiangyang, and the imperial court ordered Cao Ren to attack. Cao Ren and Xu Huang defeated Chen Shao and then marched to Xiangyang. They sent General Gao Qian and others to relocate the people in the southern part of Han Dynasty to the north of Han Dynasty.
AD 221, the second year of Emperor Huangchu of Wei Wen
Cao Pi worshiped Cao Ren as general. He also ordered Cao Ren to kill the rebel general Zheng Gan, move the army to Linying, and then move to Da Sima. The governor's troops were stationed in Wujiang, and they were also stationed in Hefei.
In the fourth year of Huang Chu, Emperor Wen of Wei in 223 AD
Cao Ren passed away
Official History of the Three Kingdoms
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Cao Ren, courtesy name Zixiao, was the younger brother of Taizu. Less good at hunting with bows and horses. Later, heroes arose together, and Ren Yiyin joined the young men. He got more than a thousand people, and traveled around Huai and Si. Then he became the commander of another department from Taizu, and became the captain of Li Feng. Taizu defeated Yuan Shu, and benevolence gained a lot. During the expedition to Xuzhou, Ren Chang supervised the cavalry and served as the vanguard of the army.
Don't attack Lu You, Tao Qian's general, and defeat him. He also joins the army in Pengcheng and defeats Qian's army. From the attack on Fei, Hua, Jimo, and Kaiyang, Qian sent other generals to save the counties, and Ren defeated them with his cavalry. When Taizu conquered Lu Bu, Renbie attacked Juyang and pulled it out. Bu General Liu He was born. Taizu wore a yellow turban and welcomed the emperor. He was benevolent and meritorious, and he paid homage to the governor of Guangyang. Taizu used his valiant strategy not to send troops to counties, but to use Yilang to supervise the cavalry. When Taizu conquered Zhangxiu, he went to Renbie County and captured more than 3,000 men and women. Taizu's army returned and was pursued by Xiu. The army was at a disadvantage and the soldiers were discouraged. The benevolent and powerful officers and soldiers worked hard. Taizu strengthened them and defeated Xiu.
Taizu and Yuan Shao were locked in a stalemate in Guandu for a long time. Shao sent Liu Bei to seclusion and strengthen the counties, and many people responded. From the south of Xu, the officials and the people were uneasy, which made Taizu worried. Ren said: "The large army in the south is in urgent need, and it cannot save them. Liu Bei comes with strong troops, so it is appropriate for him to betray him. He has prepared new generals and sent troops, but they have not been able to use them, so they can be defeated by attack." " Taizu was good at what he said, so he ordered his generals to attack and attack them, break them and drive them away. He was benevolent and recovered all the rebellious counties and returned them. Shao sent his general Han Xunchao to cut off the west road, and Ren attacked Xunxun at Jiluo Mountain, severely defeating him. As a result, Shao did not dare to divide his troops again. He then joined Shi Huan and others to transport chariots and burn their grain.
Hebei is established, starting from Huguan. Taizu ordered: "If the city is pulled out, it will be trapped." It does not fall for a month. Renyan said to Taizu: "Besieging the city must reveal a trap door, so it opens a way for him to survive. Now it is announced that he will die, and the people will defend it. Moreover, the city is solid and has plenty of food. If you attack it, the soldiers will be injured, but if you defend it, it will take a long time; Now it is not a good idea to attack the captives who are bound to die by setting up a fortified city. "Taizu followed and the city surrendered. So he recorded Ren's previous achievements and made him the capital of Tinghou.
From Ping Jingzhou, he marched with benevolence to conquer the southern general, stayed in Jiangling, and rejected the Wu general Zhou Yu. Tens of thousands of Yu generals came to attack, and thousands of vanguards arrived. Ren climbed up the city to watch, and recruited three hundred men, and sent his generals Niu Jinni to challenge. There were many thieves and few gold, so they were surrounded. Chen Jiao, the chief minister, was on the city. He saw Jin and others dying, and everyone on the left and right became pale. The spirit of benevolence is so strong that he wants to take horses from the left and right and support them. He said to Ren, "There are so many thieves that you can't handle them. What's the trouble if you abandon hundreds of people, but the general goes to fight with his own body!" Ren didn't respond, so he was put on a horse and rode dozens of his strong men out of the city. After more than a hundred steps to get rid of the thieves, they forced the ditch. Jiao and others thought that Ren should be staying on the ditch, which was Jin's situation. Ren walked straight across the ditch and rushed into the enemy's siege. Jin and others were relieved. Before the rest of the army was gone, Ren Fuzhi returned to Tu and pulled out the golden soldiers, killing several of them, and the thieves retreated. Jiao and others were frightened when they first saw benevolence coming out, but when they saw benevolence return, they sighed and said: "The general is really a heavenly man!" The three armies admired his bravery. Taizu Yizhuangzhi was granted the title of Marquis of Anping Ting.
With benevolence, Taizu attacked Ma Chao, and with benevolence, he went to Anxi General, and supervised the generals to reject Tongguan and defeat Chao Weinan. Sub Bo and Tian Yin rebelled, and acted with benevolence as a brave cavalry general. The commander-in-chief of the Seventh Army attacked Yin and others and defeated them. He resumed his campaign of benevolence and conquered the general in the south. During the holiday, he stationed at Fan and held Jingzhou. Hou Yin rebelled against Wan and gathered thousands of people from the nearby county. Ren led his troops to attack Yin, beheaded him, returned to Tunfan, and paid homage to General Zhengnan. When Guan Yu attacked Fan, the Han River overflowed. Yu Jin and other seven armies were all killed, and Jin surrendered to Yu. Thousands of benevolent men and horses defended the city, and those who kept the city alive counted boards. Yu took a boat to the city, which was heavily surrounded, cut off from the outside and inside, food was running out, and reinforcements could not arrive. Benevolence motivates the officers and soldiers, showing that they will die, and the officers and soldiers feel the same. Xu Huang came to the rescue, and the water also subsided slightly. Huang attacked Yu from the outside, Ren was defeated, and Yu retreated.
When Ren was young, he did not practice self-discipline. When he became a general, he followed the laws strictly and always placed subjects on his left and right to work on cases. When Marquis Zhang of Yanling conquered Wuwan in the north, Emperor Wen wrote a letter to Zhang in the East Palace, saying: "As a general, you should not follow the law as if you were conquering Nanxie!" When he became the king, he became the general of chariots and cavalry, and the commander-in-chief of the military forces in Jing, Yang, and Yizhou. He was granted the title of Marquis of Chen, adding 2,000 towns and merging 3,500 households. The benevolent father was posthumously given the posthumous title of Chen Muhou, and he was appointed to guard the tombs of ten families. Later he was called back to Tunwan. Sun Quan sent general Chen Shao to occupy Xiangyang and ordered Ren to attack him. Ren and Xu Huang defeated Shao and then entered Xiangyang. They sent General Gaoqian and others to move to the south of Han Dynasty and annex the people to the north of Han Dynasty. Emperor Wen sent an envoy to General Bairen. He also ordered Ren to move to Linying, move to Da Sima, resume supervision of the armies and occupy Wujiang River, and then return to Hefei. In the fourth year of Huangchu's reign, he died, and his posthumous title was Zhonghou.
The True Story of Cao Ren
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1. Cao Ren’s official rank
First of all, in response to the popular demand, Cao Ren was Let’s list the official ranks:
Sima Xingli Feng Xiaowei
Guangyang Prefect
General Expedition to the South
General Anxi
General Xingxiaoqiu
General Xingxiao? Holiday
General Zhengnan
General Chaoqiu? Governor Jingyang Yizhou Military
Great Generals
Great Sima
Among the first generation generals in the Cao Wei camp, they include Xiahou Dun, Xia Houyuan, Cao Hong, Cao Ren, Zhang Liao, Among Zhang He, Li Dian, Yu Jin, Xu Chu, Dian Wei, Xu Huang, Yue Jin, and Wenpin, only Xiahou Dun and Cao Ren were awarded the title of general. As for the Great Sima, hehe, he is the only one among the first-generation generals!
This solves the factor of official status. The official does the most, and of course the "first general" is the one!
2. Cao Ren’s martial arts
Cao Ren (168-223), named Zixiao, was born in Pei Guoqiao (now Bo County, Anhui). He is Cao Cao's cousin. When I was young, I was good at bow hunting. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, when heroes came together, Cao Ren "got a lot of young people and gained more than a thousand people" and moved back and forth between Huai and Si. When Cao Cao raised his army, he took this group of people to defect there, and Cao Cao appointed him as "Sima of the Other Department" and "Xingli Feng Xiaowei".
From the above, we can see that Cao Ren can secretly marry more than a thousand people, which shows that his family background is extraordinary. Once returned to Cao Cao, he was immediately reused. After that, Cao Ren began his military career.
1. Conquer Xuzhou
In fact, long before Cao Ren followed Cao Cao to attack Tao Qian of Xuzhou to avenge his father, he followed the army to defeat Yuan Shu's forces in Huainan, and in this war Gained a lot.
In 193 AD (the fourth year of the reign of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty), Cao Cao, the then governor of Yanzhou, sent his subordinate Ying Shao, the governor of Taishan County, to meet his father and other family members. Cao Cao's father, Cao Song, once served as a Taiwei, lived a luxurious life, and took refuge in Langya, Shandong. What kind of disaster should I avoid? At that time, my family was wealthy and I wanted to avoid the disaster of the Yellow Turban. He was very happy when he heard that his son was serving as governor in Yanzhou and sent someone to pick him up. He took his family and property and set off in a grand way. His wealth is so great, he has more than a hundred cars used to carry gold, silver, jewelry and silks and satins! Sure enough, he lived up to his title of Captain! How could such a wealthy family avoid accidents at that time and in troubled times?
Tao Qian, the governor of Xuzhou, wanted to please Cao Cao and sent someone to escort Cao Song and his party. Who knew that Zhang Kai, the captain of Yinping he sent, coveted the wealth of the Cao family, and together with his officers and soldiers, they robbed Cao Song and his youngest son at night in the Sanguang area (the junction of Huaxian and Feixian counties in Shandong). Cao De (Cao Cao's younger brother) killed him and took away all his property!
After Cao Cao heard the news, he was filled with grief and anger, and immediately launched a dehumanizing war - to avenge his father and conquer Xuzhou! Cao Ren acted as the vanguard in this war, leading his cavalry to attack Tao Qian's general Lu You from another route, and defeated the enemy. Then, he joined Cao Cao's army in Pengcheng and defeated Tao Qian's army again. Tao Qian retreated steadily, and Cao Cao took advantage of the victory to pursue him. Cao Ren also attacked Feixian, Huaxian, Jimo, Kaiyang and other counties. Tao Qian quickly sent generals to rescue these areas, and Cao Ren sent out cavalry to defeat the reinforcements. Tao Qian retreated to Tan County and defended it. Cao Cao could not lay siege, so he turned to attack neighboring counties. In a rage, he massacred cities wherever he went! Leave no chickens or dogs behind! In the vast plains and cities, there is not a single living person to be seen! Unexpectedly, in Cao Cao's collection of poems, we can actually see "white bones exposed in the wild, and no rooster crows for thousands of miles"! Laughing at yourself! Cao Ren played the role of an executioner who massacred people in this war. A stain.
2. Attack Lu Bu
Lu Bu is capricious, and his connection with Yuan Shu is indeed a serious problem for Cao Cao. When Cao Cao attacked Xuzhou, he made a sneak attack on Cao Cao's territory Puyang. Therefore, Cao Cao had no choice but to return to the army to save himself.
After a round of tug-of-war, there were gains and losses for each other.
In 195 AD (the second year of Emperor Xingping's reign), Cao Cao attacked Lu Bu again, and Cao Ren led another group of cavalry to attack Juyang. So, we see that in Cao Cao's eyes, Cao Ren is a general who can act alone. He has led another army to attack the enemy twice. At this time, Cao Ren was twenty-seven years old. Juyang fell and Liu He, a general under Lu Bu, was captured. Cao Ren made great contributions.
The following year, Cao Cao followed the advice of counselor Xun Yu and welcomed Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty to Xudu in order to "hold the emperor under arms and order the princes." Cao Ren was named the Grand Administrator of Guangyang because of his military exploits. Cao Cao valued his bravery and talent and did not want him to leave him, so he did not ask him to take office, but kept him by his side to command the cavalry as Yilang.
Look, we also noticed that Cao Ren led the cavalry as soon as he appeared on the scene.
3. Zheng Zhangxiu
Zhang Xiu is Zhang Ji’s nephew. Zhang Ji was a subordinate of Dong Zhuo in Xiliang. After Dong Zhuo was killed, Zhang Ji, Li Jue and others rebelled against Chang'an. As a result, Chang'an and Luoyang became the battlefields of the rebel army, and the lives of the people were devastated and the people were in dire straits. Zhang Ji later died from a stray arrow. Zhang Xiu led his troops to join forces with Liu Biao in the south to fight against Cao Cao.
In 197 (the second year of Emperor Xian'an's reign), Cao Cao attacked Zhang Xiu, and Cao Ren led another cavalry to attack the neighboring counties outside Wancheng to contain Zhang Xiu's troops. Cao Ren captured more than 3,000 men and women this time (these should be ordinary people), stain two.
Zhang Ji surrendered. Cao Cao was so happy that he actually committed adultery with Zhang Xiu's aunt (who was Zhang Ji's wife) - it was not actually adultery. According to "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", after Cao Cao entered Wancheng, he asked if there were any prostitutes nearby, and he brought them A woman, beautiful and charming. When asked, it turned out to be Zhang Ji's wife, Zhang Xiu's aunt, and Cao Cao was pleased to accept her. We believe this is factual. After Zhang Xiu found out, this kind of humiliation was "either intolerable or intolerable"! So, he suddenly launched a fierce attack on Cao Cao's military camp. Cao Cao fled in a hurry, his son Cao Ang was killed, and his general Dian Wei was killed in the battle.
When Cao Cao was defeated and retreated, Zhang Xiu followed closely. Cao Cao's army was defeated and morale was greatly reduced! Cao Ren waved his arms in front of the formation to encourage the soldiers, looking very excited. Cao Jun's army regained its morale. Cao Cao saw it and thought "strong". So Zhang Xiujun was defeated. Zhang Xiu surrendered to Liu Biao.
4. Battle of Guandu
How could Cao Ren be missing from the famous Battle of Guandu? In 200 AD (the fifth year of Jian'an reign of Emperor Xian), Yuan Shao and Cao Cao's armies resisted each other at Guandu (now Zhongmu County, Henan). Yuan Shao sent Liu Bei to lead an army to attack Rushui and Yingshui areas. From the south of Xudu, the officials and people were panicked. Cao Cao was very distressed. Cao Ren said: "The southern counties knew that our army was in a state of emergency and would not be able to rescue them. Liu Bei suddenly pressed heavily on the territory with heavy troops and it was difficult to resist. It is understandable that he would have to betray to survive. However, Liu Bei's command It's Yuan Shao's army, and Yuan's soldiers may not obey his command. If we launch an attack, we will definitely be able to defeat him." Cao Cao thought he was right. So, Cao Ren was ordered to lead the cavalry to attack Liu Bei, and he defeated the enemy. Cao Ren then recovered the rebellious prefectures and counties and returned in triumph.
If one plan fails, try another. Yuan Shao sent another general, Han Xun, to march through a small road, intending to cut off Cao's army's food route. Cao Ren had been waiting at Jiluo Mountain for a long time. He marched out with his army and defeated the enemy! After that, Yuan Shao no longer dared to divide his troops and go out.
However, now it is Cao Ren's turn to perform. He, General Shi Huan and others took a small road, went around to the rear of Yuan Jun, robbed and killed Yuan Shao's soldiers escorting the grain truck, and burned Yuan Jun's rations!
What a "repay the other person with his own treatment"!
After the Battle of Guandu, Cao Cao went to Wuhuan. He surrendered general Gao Gan and took control of Bingzhou to rebel, and resisted Cao's army at Huguan (now north of Changzhi, Shanxi). Cao Cao's siege was urgent. He hated the rebels very much. Seeing that they could not capture Huguan for several days, he announced: "After capturing the city, massacre the city!" However, Huguan could not be captured for several months! Cao Ren said to him: "Besieging the city will reveal a trap door, so it will open a way for him to survive. Now it is announced that he will die, and he will defend himself."
Moreover, the city is solid and has plenty of food. If you attack it, your soldiers will be injured, but if you defend it, it will take a long time. Today, under the strong city, it is not a good plan to attack the captives who are bound to die. "("Three Kingdoms? Biography of Cao Ren") Cao Cao thought for a while and thought he was right, so he followed Cao Ren's plan. Sure enough, Huguan surrendered. After the war, his military exploits were inspected, and Cao Ren was named Dutinghou.
I don’t know if you readers have seen what Cao Ren said just now. This is what is called in the art of war, "encircling three and missing one". In the era of cold weapons, this kind of combat thinking was used to divide the enemy. If the enemy is determined to die, even if our army is stronger, Cao Ren can see this. How can Cao Cao not admire it? Later, Sima Zhao besieged Zhuge Dan who was defending Shouchun City. His "Ziliang" Zhong Hui also suggested "surrounding three and missing one" to give the enemy a gap to escape, so that the enemy will not fight to the end. In one sentence: "Heroes have the same idea!" "
5. Reject Zhou Yu
Zhou Yu was a famous general of the Wu army. In the history of the Three Kingdoms, his military ability far exceeded that of Zhuge Liang, but it was only a "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" that put him
One of the two important reasons why I listed Cao Ren as Cao Wei's "first general" is that Cao Cao was defeated in the Battle of Chibi. He was defeated by Zhou Lang. Although he failed in the end to resist Zhou Lang alone, he held on for more than a year! How many others can be found to be Zhou Lang alone?
In 208 AD, Cao Cao was defeated in Chibi and ordered to conquer the south. General Cao Ren stayed at Jiangling and went back to Xudu. Zhou Yu and Cheng Pu led tens of thousands of people to attack. Cao Ren saw thousands of forward troops on the tower and quickly recruited 300 troops. Niu Jin went out of the city to meet the enemy, but the Wu army was overwhelming, and Niu Jin's sergeants were too few, and they were surrounded by enemy troops. It was very critical! Chen Jiao, the chief commander, saw that Niu Jin's troops were about to be destroyed among the enemy troops, and his face turned pale with fear. Cao Ren was furious and ordered the horses to be brought in. Chen Jiao and others quickly stopped him and advised him: "The enemy is so powerful that it cannot be resisted. Even if we give up hundreds of people, the general must not take risks!" "Cao Ren didn't listen, so he put on his armor, mounted his horse, and left the city with dozens of cavalrymen. He saw that he was still hundreds of steps away from the enemy. (It is necessary to talk about "step". It is of course a unit of length, but the length has always been different. In the Zhou Dynasty, it was eight feet, in the Qin Dynasty it was six feet, and later it was five feet. It is really strange and varied. Moreover, we also see that a modern Chinese dictionary annotated it as: In ancient times, one move was called 謬 (half step), two feet. Each step took a step. In any case, it showed that Cao Ren was not very far away from the enemy (a few hundred meters), and there was a river blocking them. Chen Jiao and others thought that Cao Ren should be there to boost the morale of the front army. He crossed the river and rushed into the enemy's formation! So Niu Jin and others were rescued, but some warriors failed to break through. Cao Ren rushed into the enemy's formation again, killed several enemy soldiers, and rescued those warriors. The army retreated. Chen Jiao and others were very frightened when they saw Cao Ren going out to kill the enemy. When they saw Cao Ren returning intact, they couldn't help but sigh: "The general is really a god!" "
From then on, the three armies all admired his bravery and prowess. After hearing this, Cao Cao regarded him with special eyes and transferred him to Anping Tinghou.
It seems that there are really brave generals in the Three Kingdoms! Zhao Zilong Changbanpo In the battle of Dingjun Mountain, dozens of cavalry resisted 200,000 Cao's troops. Gan Xingba's hundreds of cavalry fell into Cao's camp. Zhang Wenyuan fought with 800 and fought against 100,000. Now, Cao Ren's dozens of cavalry are also trapped in the enemy's formation. They come in and out as if there is no one. What a great situation!
Later, Zhou Yu personally led the troops and the siege was very urgent. Cao Ren ordered his men to shoot arrows at Zhou Yu. ah! "The arrow hit the horse and fell. This arrow caused great damage to Zhou Yu. Later, the famous Jiangdong general died young, which was probably related to this arrow.
Cao Ren heard that Zhou Yu was hit by an arrow and was injured. It was very heavy, so he formed a formation to fight. Zhou Yu reluctantly went to the camp to boost morale, and Cao Ren retreated.
In this way, Cao Ren's army remained alone for more than a year without any reinforcements. We don't know why. Cao Cao didn't send reinforcements. Maybe after his defeat in Chibi, he no longer had the ambition to unify Jiangdong. The casualties in more than a year were too heavy, so Cao Ren broke out.
Although the tug-of-war in Jiangling ended with Cao Ren's defeat, isn't his bravery, perseverance, and the way he defended the city worthy of praise?
6. Defeat Ma Chao
Cao Cao conquered Ma Chao, appointed Cao Ren as the general of Anxi, and supervised the generals to occupy Tongguan. "Supervise the generals" shows that Cao Ren is the leader of the generals. Of course, Cao Cao came in person again. Ma Chao was a warrior and he was no match for Cao Cao. The two armies fought a decisive battle south of the Wei River, and Ma Chao was defeated.
At this time, people such as Subo and Tian Yin rebelled in the rear of the Central Plains. Cao Ren was appointed as the "Xingxiaoqi General" and commanded the Seventh Army to attack the Su and Tian rebels. After returning from victory, Cao Ren was once again appointed as the "General of the Southern Expedition". During the holidays, he stationed in Fancheng and held Jingzhou. Later, he was officially called "General of the Conquering the South".
7. Defend Fancheng
This is the second reason why I call Cao Wei the "first general" - to resist the attack of Shu Han general Guan Yunchang. A generation of famous generals who resisted Zhou Yu of Soochow and Guan Yu of Shu Han successively. I can't see another such talent in Cao Wei camp.
In 219 AD (the 24th year of Emperor Xian's reign in Jian'an), General Guan Yu of the Shu State led his troops in a northern expedition to the Xiangfan area. Cao Ren defended Fancheng, and Cao Cao sent General Jin and Pang De to lead seven armies to rescue him. Pang De was deeply suspected because his old boss Ma Chao and his brother Pang Rou were in Shu. Therefore, he made the determination to die and vowed to fight Guan Yu. However, the weather was unfavorable and heavy rains caused the Han River to surge. Yu Jin and Pang De's troops stationed in the plains were flooded. Yu Jin surrendered and Pang De was killed. Cao Ren really had to rely on himself this time.
Guan Yu violently attacked Fancheng. "It was heavily surrounded, cut off from the outside and inside, food was running out, and reinforcements could not arrive." At the same time, the walls of Fancheng were eroded by floods, and some places had collapsed. The defenders in the city Very scared. Someone said to Cao Ren: "Today's danger cannot be overcome by human power. We should have escaped before Guan Yu's army completed the encirclement." Manchong, the governor of Runan County, said: "The flash flood broke out and came with fierce force, but, It can't last as quickly as it comes. I heard that the vanguard of Guan Yu's army has arrived in Jiaxian. The people are in a commotion and the people are uneasy. He is afraid that we will take his retreat; if we can escape, the south of the Yellow River will no longer be the territory of the imperial court!"
Cao Ren thinks it is right. So, he sank the white horse in the water, encouraged the soldiers, and swore an alliance with the entire army to defend Fancheng to the death. Thousands of people across the city "feel the same"! Please see, this is what a famous general with good military skills does!
Let’s examine the comparison of forces between the two sides: For the time being, I can’t see any record of the specific number of Guan Yu’s troops in the "Three Kingdoms", but we know that Yu Jin and Pang De led seven armies. . Seventh Army, that is, seven corps. How many people are there in a corps? Although the exact number is not clear, there should be at least several thousand people. Seventh Army, that is, tens of thousands of people. If Guan Yu can win a battle, he must have this number. "Zi Zhi Tong Jian" records that after the flood flooded the seven armies, Guan Yu accepted Yu Jin's army, which numbered tens of thousands. Therefore, Guan Yu's army besieging Fancheng should be no less than tens of thousands. With tens of thousands of people attacking thousands of troops, no food inside, no reinforcements outside, and besieged by floods, Cao Ren was still able to resist Guan Yu's army. There is no other similar record in the entire history of the Three Kingdoms.
This happened in July and August of the 24th year of Jian'an. Later, Cao Cao sent Xu Huang to rescue Cao Ren. Because Guan Yu's army was heavily besieged, Fancheng did not know the news even if there were reinforcements. Later, after Cao Cao and Sun Quan exchanged the conditions for attacking Guan Yu's rear, Xu Huang ordered his soldiers to tie a letter from Sun Quan agreeing to send troops to attack Jingzhou on an arrow and shoot it into the city. The soldiers in Fancheng were jubilant and their morale increased a hundred times!
In the end, Soochow attacked Jingzhou, and Guan Yu had to return to the army to save himself, and the siege of Fancheng was solved.
Guan Yu failed to capture Fancheng, and Cao Ren succeeded.
8. Breaking Xiangyang
Cao Cao died in 220 and was succeeded by his son Cao Pi. That is to say, he worshiped Cao Ren as "General of Chariots and Cavalry", supervised the military affairs of Jing, Yang, and Yizhou, and was granted the title of Marquis of Chen.
Cao Ren's responsibility was extremely important. He oversaw the military affairs of the three states. Jing was owned by Soochow, Yi was owned by Shu Han, and Yang was divided equally between Wei and Wu. Cao Pi actually handed over all the military operations against Shu and Wu to Cao Ren. It can be seen that not only did he have responsibilities, but he also had important priorities.
Later, Cao Pi summoned Cao Ren to Tunwan City (now Nanyang, Henan). Sun Quan sent general Chen Shao to defend Xiangyang (I don’t know when Xiangyang was occupied by Soochow), and Cao Pi ordered Cao Ren to attack him. Cao Ren and Xu Huang defeated Chen Shao and occupied Xiangyang. They then sent general Gao Qian and others to forcibly move the civilians south of the Han River who had surrendered to the Cao Wei Empire to the north of the Han River. This part of the people must pay taxes to serve the Cao Wei Empire and cannot be taken captive by Soochow. Immediately, Cao Ren was awarded the title of "Great General" - Xiahou Dun was dead, and Cao Ren became the supreme military commander of the Cao Wei Empire. Of course, he still had to be controlled by Emperor Cao Pi. Soon, he was named "Da Sima" - this was the highest military title in the Cao Wei Empire. Later, Cao Zhen and Sima Yi once held this position. Since "General" has been translated into "Supreme Military Commander of the Nation", "Da General" was also named "Da Sima". "Sima" I really don't know how to translate it. Haha, please ask the experts for advice - supervise the troops to defend Wujiang.
Even without perfect martial arts, he is already arrogant among the others.
3. Cao Ren’s conduct inspection
It is very strange that when Cao Ren was young, he “did not practice conduct inspection”. The so-called lack of self-cultivation means that one does not pay attention to one's own behavior at all, has no self-cultivation, and repeatedly commits violations of laws and disciplines. Just like some students today, they don't like to study, often violate disciplines, and don't listen to teachings. However, Cao Ren did not degenerate. When he grew up and became a general, he was completely different from before. "Three Kingdoms" says: "When you become a general, you must obey the laws strictly." Moreover, he often keeps legal provisions at his side. Once he needs to use them, he can refer to them immediately. Cao Cao's second son, Cao Zhang, was named "Marquis of Yanling". Because he was brave and invincible, he was deeply loved by his father Cao Cao, and he often took him with him to fight. Cao Zhang once followed the northern expedition to Wuhuan. Cao Pi was already the heir apparent at that time. He wrote to his younger brother in Xudu, saying: "Being a general must first abide by the laws. You must learn from the general who conquered the south." At that time, Cao Ren was named the General of the Southern Conquest.
It can be seen from this that Cao Ren's conduct of inspection became an example for all princes.
4. Cao Ren’s failure record
This is Cao Ren’s failed battle.
In 222 AD, Cao Pi asked Sun Quan to send his son to Luoyang as a hostage. Sun Quan pretended to obey, but did not do it. Cao Pi was furious and decided to lead the expedition himself. He ordered General Cao Xiu, the general who conquered the east, Zhang Liao, the former general, and Zang Ba, the general Zhendong, to lead their troops from the entrance of the cave; Cao Ren, the great commander, led his army out of Ruxu (now Hanshan County, Anhui); Cao Zhen, the general of the upper army, Xiahou Shang, the general of the southern expedition, and Zuo General Zhang He and right general Xu Huang surrounded Nanjun (now Jiangling County, Hubei). Although things happened in a hurry, it seemed that Cao Pi was very confident with the three armies coming out together.
Where is Soochow? They also correspond one by one and show off their skills as they arise. Jianwei General Lu Fan resisted Cao Xiu; Left General Zhuge Jin and others rescued Nanjun; Bi General Zhu Huan defended Ruxu to resist Cao Ren.
The result? Cao Ren was defeated, general Wang Shuang was captured, Chang Diao was killed, and more than a thousand people of Cao Ren's army drowned on the battlefield... Cao Ren couldn't even defeat Zhu Huan, who was not very famous at the time. It seems that it is not safe in the late festival or is it "an old cat burning its beard" (Cantonese proverb - meaning "if you are not afraid of strong winds and waves, who knows that the boat will capsize in the gutter")?
No need to say any more. Cao Pi was not Sun Quan's opponent. The failure of this battle was not anyone's fault, but Cao Pi's fault.
However, this is still Cao Ren’s third stain.