Cao Cao showed his love and talent for martial arts in his early years. He once sneaked into Zhang rang's house. After being discovered by Zhang Rang, he fled over the wall with a halberd in his hand. He reads widely, especially the art of war. He copied the strategies of the ancient art of war and handed them down to Wei Wu's Notes on the Art of War. These activities laid a solid foundation for his later military career.
2, Liu Chen arise.
In a.d. 189 (six years), Emperor Han Ling died, and he acceded to the throne, while He Taihou was in Korea. General blades wanted to use the death of Emperor Ling and the downfall of eunuchs to destroy the eunuch party, but he didn't get the support of the Queen Mother, so blades called Dong Zhuo, who was then a state shepherd, to Beijing and coerced He Taihou to agree. But this move alarmed Dong Zhuo. Before Dong Zhuo arrived in Beijing, Blade had been murdered by eunuchs.
In September of the same year, Dong Zhuo entered Beijing and took charge of state affairs. He abolished the Emperor Shaohan as the King of Hongnong and changed his younger brother to Emperor Xianhan. He also sent people to poison the mother and son of Hongnong Wang, claiming to be a teacher and specializing in state affairs.
Cao Cao saw Dong Zhuo's perverse behavior and refused to cooperate with him, so he changed his name and surname and escaped from Luoyang (now Luoyang East, Henan Province). When Cao Cao arrived at Liu Chen, he "scattered his wealth and threw himself into the righteous army" and sent an uprising soldier to call on the heroes of the world to crusade against Dong Zhuo.
/kloc-in the first month of 0/90 (the first year of Chuping), Yuan Shu and others * * * elected Yuan Shao, the satrap of Bohai Sea, as the leader, and Cao Cao served as the agent of General Fenwu to participate in the crusade against Dong Jun.
In February, Dong Zhuo, defeated by the Allied Forces, coerced Xian Di to move the capital to Chang 'an (now northwest of Xi 'an, Shaanxi Province), burned the palace, dug graves and plundered the people himself, leaving Luoyang and Fiona Fang two hundred miles desolate.
The Kanto Coalition forces were afraid of the fighting capacity of Dong Zhuo's elite Liangzhou army, and no one dared to advance to Kansai. They were all stationed in Ziziphus jujuba (now north of Yanjin, Henan). Cao Cao thought that Dong Zhuo "burned the palace, robbed the emperor and shook the sea", so he wanted to take the opportunity to fight against it and lead the army westward alone.
Cao Cao went to Xingyang Bianshui (now southwest of Xingyang, Henan Province) and confronted Xu Rong, the general of Dong Zhuo. Due to the disparity in strength, Cao Cao was defeated and most of the foot soldiers were killed or injured. He was also injured by the flow vector, but was saved by his cousin Cao Hong and survived.
Back in Zizyphus jujuba, Cao Cao suggested that the armies divide their forces and then go west to Wuguan (now southeast of Fengdan, Shaanxi Province) to besiege Dong Zhuo. The generals of Kanto refused to follow, and the army of Kanto was called Qiu Dongzhuo. In fact, they have ulterior motives and intend to develop their own power. Soon, the two armies clashed and the joint army was dissolved.
In a.d. 19 1 year (the second year of Chuping), Cao Cao was defeated by poison, white collaterals, self-defense and Yu Fuluo. In Dong Jun, Yuan Shao indicated that he was the governor of Dong Jun.
In A.D. 192 (the third year of Chuping), Qingzhou Yellow Scarf Army made great progress, even breaking Yanzhou counties and attacking Yanzhou secretariat of Liu Dai. Bao Xin and others welcomed Cao as Yanzhou shepherd in northern Hebei. Cao Cao and Bao Xin joined forces to attack the Yellow Scarf, and Bao Xin died. Cao Cao "set up an Indiana Jones and fought day and night" and finally defeated the Yellow Scarf. That winter, he got more than 300 thousand soldiers.
/kloc-in the spring of 0/93 (the fourth year of Chuping), Cao Cao defeated Yuan Shu, Heishan Army and South Xiongnu in the 600-mile pursuit in Kuangting. Xuzhou herdsman Tao Qian led an army to attack Rencheng in the south of Yanzhou, and Cao Cao led an army to conquer more than ten cities in Xuzhou.
3. Fight for the Central Plains
/kloc-in the autumn of 0/93 (the fourth year of Chuping), Cao Cao's father Cao Song came to Cao Cao's residence and was killed by Tao Qian's army. Cao Cao then invaded Xuzhou (now Tancheng, Shandong Province) and expanded his power to the southeast. Tao Qian retreated to Tanxian County. Soon, Cao Cao's rations will run out and he will withdraw to the army.
The following summer, Cao Cao went to Xuzhou again, just to the East China Sea. Cao Cao suffered a lot of killings during his expedition to Xuzhou. Along the way, "chickens and dogs are exhausted, and there are no pedestrians in the market." Chen Gong, who was stationed in Dongjun, was dissatisfied with Cao Cao, so he colluded with Zhang Miao, the satrap, and Zhang Miao's younger brothers Juck Zhang, Zhong Wei, and Lu Bu to meet him.
At that time, only Juancheng (now Shandong), Fan (now southeast of Fan County, Shandong) and Dong 'e (now northeast of Yanggu, Shandong) were still under Cao Cao's control, while Sima, Shou, Cheng Yu and the prefect of Dongjun all stood there, and the situation was very critical.
Cao Cao came back from Xuzhou, and when he heard that Lu Bu was stationed in Puyang, he entered and besieged Puyang. The two armies were deadlocked for more than a hundred days, and the locust plague was great. The two sides stopped fighting, and Cao Cao Jun was still in Juancheng. At this time, Cao Cao lost Yanzhou and ran out of food and grass. Yuan Shao sent someone to persuade him to take refuge in him and let Cao Cao's family move to Ye County as hostages. Cao Cao intended to promise Yuan Shao, but because of Cheng Yu's dissuasion, Cao Cao gave up the idea.
In A.D. 195 (the second year of Xingping), Cao Cao organized the army to fight against Lu Bu again, and was defeated three times. He conquered Dingtao and Qiu Yong, pacified Yanzhou, and Lu Bu fled to Xuzhou to take refuge in Liu Bei. In July, due to the struggle between Li Jue and Guo Si, Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty returned to the East from Chang 'an, and ordered various governors to be diligent.
In August of A.D. 196 (the first year of Jian 'an), Cao Cao greeted Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty. In Xinhai, Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty made Cao Cao a captain, recorded the history of Shang Dynasty and moved the capital to Xuchang. In winter and November, Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty made Cao Cao an agent, riding a bicycle and riding a general, and officials always listened to his words.
In the first month of spring in A.D. 197 (the second year of Jian 'an), Cao Caodong conquered Zhang Xiu, and the army was stationed in Ganshui. Zhang Xiu summoned his troops to surrender and immediately rebelled. Cao Ang, his eldest son Cao Anmin, and his nephew Dian Wei were killed. After that, Cao Cao attacked Zhang Xiu twice, but neither was completely defeated. In autumn and September, Cao Cao marched eastward to Yuan Shu, Yuan Shu abandoned the army and fled to Huaihe River, and Yuan Shu Owl stayed for four years.
/kloc-in the summer of 0/98 (three years of Jian 'an), Cao Cao sent Qiu Pei Mao to make peace. In September, Cao Cao moved eastward to Xuzhou and attacked his old enemy Lu Bu. Under Cao Jun's offensive, Lu Bu's army was spun up and down. In December, Lu Bu handed over Chen Gong, a prisoner of Xu Wei and Song Xian, to Cao Cao.
In A.D. 199 (the fourth year of Jian 'an), Cao Cao sent Shi Huan and Coss to break through their own headquarters in JASON ZHANG and gain Hanoi County, expanding their sphere of influence to the north of the Yellow River.
4. Battle of Red Cliffs
In 208 AD (13th year of Jian 'an), Xuanwu Pool was opened to train the water army. In June, Cao Cao abolished the three fairs, resumed the prime minister system, and became the prime minister of the Han Dynasty. After basically pacifying the north, the soldiers turned to the south.
In July, Liu Biao marched to the south of Jingzhou. In August, Liu Biao died of illness, and his son Liu Cong took over as Jingzhou Pastoral. In September, Cao Cao's army entered Xinye (now Henan). Liu Cong thought it was unstoppable and surrendered to Cao Cao for Jingzhou.
At this time, Liu Beitun, who defected to Liu Biao after the Battle of Guandu, was stationed in Fancheng (now Xiangfan, Hubei). When he heard that Liu Cong had surrendered, he led his troops to retreat to Jiangling (now Hubei Province). Jiangling is an important town in Jingzhou, with a large number of military supplies. Cao Cao heard that Jiangling was afraid of falling into the hands of Liu Bei, so he led five thousand cavalry to gallop three hundred miles from Xiangyang (now Xiangfan, Hubei Province) to Changban in Dangyang (now Dangyang, Hubei Province).
After defeating Liu Bei, Cao Cao wanted to annex Jiangdong in one fell swoop. Sun Quan and Liu Bei, with the efforts of Lu Su and Zhuge Liang, formed an alliance. Sun Quan ordered Zhou Yu, the commander-in-chief, to lead 30,000 troops and form a coalition with Liu Bei's 20,000 troops to jointly resist Cao Cao. Cao Cao fought with Sun and Liu from the east of Jiangling to Chibi (now the West Chibi Mountain in Wuchang County, Hubei Province) and temporarily stayed in Wulin (now the northeast of Honghu County, Hubei Province).
Zhou Yu used the trick of pretending to surrender, and ordered the general Huang Gai to lead ten small warships, loaded with firewood, filled with ointment, nailed them to the bow, pretended to surrender, and headed for the north shore. When they reached two miles from Cao Ying, all the ships lit together, and then with the help of the wind, they rushed at Cao Jun. Cao Jun was defeated and the ship was burned. Cao Cao led his troops to retreat to Jiangling from Huarong Road (now northwest of Jianli, Hubei Province)
5. Pacify Liangzhou
After Battle of Red Cliffs's failure, Cao Cao took some measures to stabilize the internal affairs. In the spring of the fifteenth year of Jian 'an, Cao Cao issued an order to seek talents, saying, "It's not decided yet, and it's urgent to seek talents ... Second, the third son helped me to be bright and modest, so I was talented, so I used it." Cao Cao put forward the employment policy of having both ability and political integrity, aiming at recruiting talents to his side as much as possible.
In AD 2 1 1 year (Jian 'an 16th year), Cao Cao began to fight against Guanzhong. In March, Zhong You, the general of Cao Caopai, led Xia to invade Guanzhong in the name of crusade against Hanzhong (ruling Nanzheng, now Shaanxi Han and the Middle East). Ma Chao, Han Sui, Yang Qiu, etc. were all suspicious at one time. Cao Cao immediately sent general Coss to attack Guanzhong.
In July, Cao Cao led his troops into Guanzhong personally, and defeated the allied forces in Guanzhong. Ma Chao and others wanted to cede territory for peace, but Cao Cao refused. In September, Ma, Han and others once again requested to cede land and sent Ren Zi to make peace. Cao Cao took Jia Xu's advice, made false promises, defeated Han, Ma Jun, Han Sui and Ma Chao again, defeated Liangzhou, fled back to stability, and beheaded Cheng Yi and other rebels.
In October, Cao Cao marched into stability and surrendered, and Cao Cao led the troops to withdraw, and ordered Du Xia to continue the Western Expedition. Within two years, Ma Chao, Han Sui, Song Jian, Qiang and Bian were driven out, and Liangzhou was basically stable.
6. Create Cao Wei
In AD 2 13 (eighteen years of Jian 'an), Cao Cao rose up and claimed to be 400,000 yuan, and personally conquered Sun Quan. In the first month of the following year, Cao Jun entered ruxu (now southeast of Chao County, Anhui Province), broke Sun Quan's camp in Jiangbei, and captured Sun Quan alive. Sun Quan led 70,000 troops to Ruzhou to resist. After more than a month of stalemate between the two armies, Cao Cao met Sun Quan.
In May of the same year, after Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty recovered Kyushu, Cao Cao was conferred the title of Wang Wei, added nine tin, built Wei State, and made Yecheng its capital. Wei has ten counties in Jizhou, and there are hundreds of officials such as the Prime Minister, Qiu and General. Xian Di also allowed him to "take his sword to unknown places and temples", such as the story of Xiao He, the prime minister of the Han Dynasty.
2 16 (twenty-one year of Jian 'an) In summer and April, Emperor Xian of Han conferred Cao Cao as Wang Wei, with a city of 30,000 households. He ascended the throne of the vassal. He didn't work for the vassal, nor was he worshipped by a letter. He worships heaven and earth with the crown of the son of heaven, clothes, flags, rituals and music, and is called a policeman. He went in and out of the ancestral temple to worship ancestors and wax figures.
In July, the southern Xiongnu Khan came to Huqiu Spring to offer condolences and was detained in Yecheng. Cao Cao took the opportunity to divide the southern Xiongnu into five, and chose the Han people as Sima Du. In October, Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty gave Wang Caomian a 12-year-old carriage, driving six horses, and setting up a vice car for five hours. Cao Cao named Cao Pi, commander-in-chief with regular facial features, as Wang Wei.
7. Competing with Hanzhong
In March of 2 15 (the twentieth year of Jian' an), Cao Cao saw that Liu Bei had made Yizhou and Hanzhong was the gateway to Yizhou. "Without Hanzhong, there would be no Shu State." Liu Bei was bound to capture Hanzhong, so Cao Cao took the lead and led hundreds of troops to personally expedition Zhang Lu in Hanzhong.
In May, he conquered Hechi and beheaded Wang Doumao; In July, Cao Cao's army entered Yangpingguan (now northwest of Mianxian County, Shaanxi Province). Zhang Lu heard that Yangpingguan fell and fled to Bazhong. Cao Cao marched straight into Nanzheng and took all the treasures of Zhang Lu. In November, Zhang Lu surrendered to Cao Cao and Hanzhong was owned by Cao Cao.
In the spring of 2 17 A.D. (twenty-two years of Jian 'an), Cao Cao went south again, led his army to storm ruxu's mouth and defeated Sun Quan. Sun Quan sent a surname Xu Xiang to surrender, and Cao Cao agreed to marry again.
After Cao Cao's main force withdrew from Hanzhong, Liu Bei launched an attack on Hanzhong.
In 2 18 (the 23rd year of Jian 'an), Liu Bei led the army to Yangpingguan, and Xia and others confronted Liu Bei. Cao Jun repeatedly repelled Liu Beijun's fierce attack. In July, Cao Cao led an army to Guanzhong and took Chang 'an, so as to command the Hanzhong war situation at any time. At the same time, the frontier fortress revived, and Cao Cao ordered Cao Zhang and Tian Yu to advance northward, which greatly broke the Wuhuan-Xianbei Coalition.
In the first month of AD 2 19 (twenty-four years of Jian 'an), Liu Bei crossed Mianshui (now Hanshui) from Yangpingguan south, advanced along the mountain and stationed in Dingjun Mountain (now southeast of Mianxian County, Shaanxi Province). Xiahou Yuan sent troops to compete with Liu Bei for terrain, and was killed by Huang Zhong, and Cao Cao was defeated. Later, Cao Cao led an army to capture Hanzhong, but Liu Bei could not get out of the wall, Cao Jun.
8. The old age of a strong man
After Sun Quan captured Guan Yu and captured Jingzhou, Cao Cao represented Sun Quan as a general in title of generals in ancient times and a shepherd in Jingzhou. Sun Quan sent messengers to pay tribute to Cao Cao and advised him to call himself emperor on behalf of Han Dynasty.
Cao Cao showed Sun Quan's book to ministers at home and abroad and said, "It is my son who wants to sit on the fire!" " "Cao Cao's ministers took the opportunity to persuade Cao Cao to move forward. Cao Cao himself did not want to abolish Xian Di's independence. He said, "If my destiny is in my hands, I will become Zhou Wenwang. "
In the first month of AD 220 (twenty-five years of Jian 'an), Cao Cao returned to Luoyang. That month, he died in Luoyang at the age of 66. He is called King Wu. He left an inheritance order before he died. According to Cao Cao's will, he was buried in Gaoling in the western suburb of Yecheng on February 21st (1 1).
In October of this year, Wang Wei and Cao Pi took the place of Han, proclaimed himself emperor, and took the title of Wei. Cao Cao was honored as Emperor Wu, with the temple name Mao.