Specializing in portraits, Buddha statues, animals, landscapes, etc. People call it the three musts: painting, writing and infatuation. Xie An is so deep that he thinks it has not existed since its birth. Gu Kaizhi, Cao Buxing, Lu Tanwei and Zhang Sengyou are also called "Four Masters in Six Dynasties". Gu Kaizhi's painting intention is vivid, and his thoughts of "moving the mind" and "expressing the spirit with form" laid the foundation for the development of traditional painting in China.
Basic introduction of real name: Gu Kaizhi alias: Hutou font size: word Changkang's time: Eastern Jin nationality: Han nationality birthplace: Jinling Wuxi (now Wuxi, Jiangsu Province) Date of birth: 348 AD, year of death: 409 AD, main works: Luo Shenfu map, female Shi Zhen map, Qin map, Wei Jinsheng's painting praise, one of the founders of ink painting; The three unique artistic styles of "talent, painting and infatuation" are: painting vivid characters, clothing like silkworms spinning silk. Honorable names: ancestor's life, main achievements, personal works, Qin Tu, Luo Shen Fu Tu, anecdotes and allusions, historical records, family members and characters' lives of Chinese painting and landscape painting. Gu Kaizhi once joined the army for Huan Wen and Yin Zhongkan, with Iraq (405-4 18) as the leader. Emperor Wu of song northern expedition to Southern Yan, write "the tooth (flag)". He is versatile, with works in poetry and calligraphy, especially in painting. He is famous for his talent, painting and infatuation. Portraits of figures, immortals, Buddha statues, animals, landscapes, etc. The painter pays attention to the finishing touch and vividly depicts himself from the clouds, all in Adu (that is, eyes here). Try Pei Kai's portrait and add three hairs to your cheeks. It feels good. The mural "Vimalakirti" painted in Jiankang Crock Temple is dazzling and sensational. Later generations talk about his paintings, which means to save the pen first and paint as best as possible; The handwriting is meticulous and firm, like a silkworm spinning silk. He and Lu Tanwei, the painter of the Southern Song Dynasty who learned from him, are collectively called Lu Gu, with the title of dense body, which is different from the sparse body of Zhang Liang monk You and Tang Wu Daozi in the Southern Dynasties. His works include On Painting, Wei Jinsheng's Painting Praise, Painting Yuntai Mountain, etc. Among them, the idea of moving the mind and expressing the spirit with form has had a great influence on the development of Chinese painting. The existing Biography of Women's History and Zhentu is an early manuscript, which records the canon written by Zhang Hua in the Western Jin Dynasty to bind court concubines. 1900, Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing and was taken away from the Qing Palace by the British. He is now in the British Museum in London, England. Another work, A Historical Map of Women, is a copy of the Song Dynasty. Gu Kaizhi's works, according to the records of people in Tang and Song Dynasties, contain portraits of some political celebrities as well as some Buddhist images, which was a popular theme at that time. In addition, there are birds and beasts, which are related to paintings in the Han Dynasty. He also painted some images of immortals, because that was also a popular belief at that time. Most notably, he painted many portraits of famous people. This changed the ethos of advocating ethics in Han Dynasty, and embodied the new method of observing characters and the new purpose of artistic expression, that is, to leave ethics and politics and attach importance to the speech, style and talent of characters. This represents the expansion of the artistic vision of painting; Therefore, it puts forward new requirements for figure painting-expressing people's personality and spiritual characteristics. In Gu Kaizhi's works and speeches, we can see that he repeatedly emphasized the description of people's expressions and mental states. Gu Kaizhi, Lu Tanwei and Zhang Sengyou were the three most important painters in the Southern and Northern Dynasties, representing the rapid development and maturity of figure painting in the Han Dynasty. In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Huaiguan spoke highly of his paintings, saying, "Zhang Sengyou gets his flesh, Lu Tanwei gets his bones, and Gu Kaizhi gets his spirit." The main achievement is that he is good at poetry and prose, especially painting. Good at figure painting, historical figures, Taoism, animals, landscapes and other themes. Painting characters advocates vivid expression, pays attention to the finishing touch, and thinks that "vivid depiction is in the process of covering the eyes" Pay attention to depicting physiological details, expressing characters' expressions, painting Pei Kai's image, and adding three points to his cheeks, and suddenly feel radiant. Good at using environmental description to express the interest and expression of characters. Drawing Xie Kun in the canyon highlights the interest of the characters. The clothes lines he painted are made of Gu You Si Miao, and the lines are tight and continuous, such as spring silkworms spinning, spring clouds floating in the air, and running water running on the ground, which is natural and smooth. Gu Kaizhi has also made outstanding achievements in painting theory. There are three painting theories today: Wei Jinsheng's Painting Praise, On Painting and Painting Yuntai Mountain. He put forward some viewpoints, such as the theory of vivid expression, the theory of nourishing the spirit with form, and the theory of thinking wonderfully. He advocated that painting should express the mental state and personality characteristics of characters, attach importance to the experience and observation of objects, grasp the internal essence of objects through thinking wonderfully, and write the spirit with form on the basis of shape. Gu Kaizhi's painting and his theory laid the foundation for the development of traditional painting in China. Gu Kaizhi is knowledgeable and talented, and enjoys a good reputation in the history of ancient painting in China. He is good at poetry and calligraphy, especially at painting. Statues of workers, Buddha statues, animals, landscapes, etc. Paintings such as "The Historical Treasure of Women", "The Goddess of Luo", "The Tale of Women", "The Picture of Qin" and so on. It is a treasure. In the aspect of painting theory, Gu Kaizhi also put forward such viewpoints as "vivid and vivid", "describing the spirit with form" and "thinking strangely", attaching importance to experience observation and advocating expressing the inner mental state of characters through painting. Gu Kaizhi's A Picture of Women's History (Part) Gu Kaizhi is knowledgeable and versatile, and the world evaluates his "three unique skills"-"talent stunt", "painting stunt" and "infatuation stunt". His painter Fawei has changed again. His paintings are full of colors, slightly embellished with rich colors, and do not seek halo decoration. The handwriting is meticulous and firm, such as silkworms spinning and spring clouds fluttering. Historically, Cao Buxing, Gu Kaizhi, Lu Tanwei and Zhang Sengyou were collectively called "four outstanding figures in the Six Dynasties". He is proficient in painting theory, and his arguments such as "thinking wonderfully" and "writing spirit with form" have great influence on the development of Chinese painting. Gu Kaizhi is obsessed with art and literature, but indifferent to fame and fortune. He adopted the philosophy of "being both stupid and foolish, and being wise to protect himself" to achieve his highest artistic achievement. There are many paintings in his personal works, such as Sima Xuan's portraits, Xie An's portraits, Liu Laozhi's portraits, Wang An's portraits, Ruan Di's portraits, Ruan Xian's portraits, Sima Xuan's portraits of two princes in Wang Wei, Guiyang's drawings, boating drawings, and miscellaneous tiger and leopard drawings. Gu Kaizhi's original works have not been preserved. According to legend, there are manuscripts of Gu Kaizhi's works, such as A History of Women, A Picture of Luoshen and A Picture of Women's Benevolence and Wisdom. A woman's history and a light-colored silk replica are kept in the British Museum in London, England. Most people think it is a copy of the Tang Dynasty. Gu Kaizhi's Fu Tu of Luoshen is one of the manuscripts of the Song Dynasty. Although this picture is not as famous and representative as the goddess Luo, it still highlights the unique style of Gu Kaizhi. This painting depicts the scene of an ancient scholar making a piano. "Women's history" refers to court women, and "chastity" refers to persuasion. At the beginning of Jin Dynasty, when Hui Di was in power, his family was very jealous and treacherous. Zhang Hua, a scholar, took the stories of sages of past dynasties as a warning, and was regarded as a famous work at that time, "Bite my heart and admonish the world". Gu Kaizhi, a talented painter, divided this famous piece into several paragraphs, painted it paragraph by paragraph, and inscribed it on the edge of the painting, thus producing a famous piece in the history of China, The Picture Scroll of Women's History. There are two silk books, The Picture of Women Historians and Treasures, one of which is in the Palace Museum. Experts believe that it is an imitation of the Southern Song Dynasty, and its artistry is poor. Another book is more artistic, which can better reflect Gu Kaizhi's painting style and the original appearance of a woman's history. Experts think it may be a copy of the Tang Dynasty. It was originally hidden in the Qing Palace, but it was a pity that the poor were weak and the national treasure suffered. The replica is kept in TJE British Museum (London, England). The Goddess of Luo is one of the top ten famous paintings handed down by China. The original volume "Luoshen Fu Tu" was painted by Gu Kaizhi, a famous painter in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (Song Mo). It is a silk book with a length of 27. 1cm and a width of 572.8cm. This painting is based on Cao Zhi's famous "Luoshen Fu" and is a masterpiece handed down by Gu Kaizhi. The whole volume is divided into three parts, which describes the sincere and innocent love story between Cao Zhi and Luo Shen in a tortuous and detailed way. This picture scroll is worthy of being one of the treasures of China's classical painting in terms of content, artistic structure, figure modeling, environmental description and pen and ink expression. Anecdotes and allusions in The Ode to Luoshen (Part) Gu Kaizhi was obsessed with it, and his mother died not long after he was born. Gu Kaizhi because all the other children have mothers and she doesn't. He pestered his father and asked, "Why don't I have a mother?" Father said, how can you have no mother? Gu Kaizhi asked, "What does my mother look like?" Father had to endure the idea and describe it to him. Gu Kaizhi used his father's description to describe his mother again and again. After each painting, he always asks his father if he looks like it, and his father will always express regret after he is sure. Gu Kaizhi, however, was not discouraged and still insisted on painting. When his father's eyes lit up and said "like, like", he put down his brush with satisfaction. His mother will live in his heart forever. Gu Kaizhi's Biography of the Book of Jin records: If you taste your neighbor's daughter, you choose to follow her, in order to try to figure out her shape on the wall and pin her heart with a needle, which makes her heartache. Kay's reason aroused her feelings, and the woman followed, so she secretly pulled out the needle and recovered. It is common for literati to be sentimental, like women and play with women, without exception from ancient times to the present. Gu Kaizhi is a fool, but he has calculation. The first time I saw Gu Kaizhi's idiot was Huan Xuan's father Weng Huan Wen. On one occasion, Huan Xuan described a willow leaf as a magic weapon of invisibility, and wanted Gu Kaizhi to appreciate it. As soon as Gu Kaizhi received it, Huan Xuan peed on Gu Kaizhi, making Gu Kaizhi pee completely, and he was so angry that he kept saying that the magic weapon appeared, so that he could not see Gu Kaizhi. In fact, Gu Kaizhi knows very well that rogue Huan Xuan is playing with him. But he can't throw eggs at stones, because Huan Xuan is sinister and vicious, and he has power both inside and outside, even his father Huan Wen is afraid of him. Gu Kaizhi had to submit to humiliation, play dumb and save his life. Chi Shuo Xin Yu said that Gu Kaizhi ate sugar cane uncharacteristically. Others eat from the sweetest place, and throw it away if it is not sweet, while Gu Kaizhi eats sugar cane from the end, and the sweeter he eats, the better he eats. Gu Kaizhi's Eating Sugarcane Day by Day contains profound philosophy of life, which can't be said to be great wisdom in life. Historical Records records the sixty-second time that Biography of the Book of Jin went back to Gu Kaizhi. Gu Kaizhi was born in Wuxi, Jinling. Gu Kaizhi's life story is not recorded in many historical books, among which the reliable ones can be found in Liu Yiqing's Shi Shuo Xin Yu and Tan Daoluan's Xu Jinyang Qiu. The Records of Articles and Jiankang Records in Autumn and the Revival of Jin History. Followed by the book of Jin. Gu Kaizhi in Biography of Wen Yuan. In the history of painting, Zhang Yanyuan's Records of Famous Paintings in Past Dynasties and Xuanhe Paintings are several kinds. Family member Gu Kaizhi was born in an indigenous clan family in the south of the Yangtze River. According to the "Wuxi Family Tree", Gu Kaizhi's Gu Pi, whose name is Zi Zhi, was a constant servant of Emperor Sankang at that time, and later moved to Guangluqing; Gu Yue, the father, is a famous uncle. He used to be another Yangzhou scholar and a senior minister, You Cheng.