Broken leaf city, located in the hanging furnace in the first year of Emperor Gaozong, belongs to the Governor's Office. It is located near tokmak, east of Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan. Together with Qiuci, Shule and Yutian, it is also known as the "Four Towns of Anxi" in the Tang Dynasty. It was the farthest town in the Western Regions in the Tang Dynasty and an important town on the Silk Road. The city wall was built many times, and the broken leaf city in Tang Dynasty was built after Chang 'an.
Tokmak's China Complex
-The third trip to Kyrgyzstan (serial)
Special correspondent of this newspaper Sun Yongjun Legal Daily reporter Sun Taihui
About 60 kilometers east of Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan, there is a building called
A small town in tokmak. Tokmak is a famous tourist attraction from Bishkek to Kyrgyzstan-
-The only way to Lake Issyk-Kul, which is one of the most famous mountains and lakes in the world.
Lake Issyk-Kul is surrounded by mountains, with blue sky, white clouds, snow-capped mountains and clear water.
Take it. However, we drove away from Bishkek and headed east, not to appreciate the great self.
However, I made a special trip to tokmak to feel the strong China atmosphere there.
Local friends told reporters that Ma Sanqi and Mi Li were in and around tokmak.
In China, there are more than 30,000 Donggan people living in villages like He Chuan New District. today，
Donggan people kept the living habits of China in the late Qing Dynasty. They intervene in farming and mulberry trees, and sunrise.
China's traditional virtues can be inherited and developed here.
Tokmak is close to the ancient Chu River Road, and the town is quiet and peaceful. The Chu River originated from the melting of high mountains.
Melting snow, the river is not wide but the water is fast. For many years, there has been no sweet Chu River.
Privately cultivated the coastal people. Upstream, it is the Tianshan Mountains.
Tianshan Mountain is surrounded by the Chu River Basin in Ma Pingchuan from the south, east and west, and has been faithfully protected.
Protect everything here.
The small town is surrounded by mountains and waters, and it is indeed a good place to thrive. We came to Tok.
Mark, it happened that a couple of Donggan youths got married. Warm and hospitable Donggan people
Invite us to share happiness and joy with them. Walking into the yard of this family,
I saw a newly married couple bow to their relatives and friends who came to congratulate them. At the door,
A master of ceremonies announced loudly that she had come to congratulate her relatives and friends, followed by an "accountant first"
Life "(what Donggan people call accounting) sits at the table and records it neatly.
Greetings from relatives and friends.
The handsome young groom wears a dark suit and a dark ceremony.
Hat; The bride is wearing a typical modern China bride dress, a big red coat and a long coat.
Embroidered with auspicious and festive patterns of dragons and phoenixes, the bun is high and dignified and beautiful. see you again
When relatives and friends come, a couple bow to the guests according to China tradition.
Bow to the gift.
We started talking with an old man with white hair. The old man used a thick west
A China native with a northern accent said, "Donggan people have lived here for 120 years. For example, now,
The wedding is the sixth generation of Donggan people. ""before young people get married, the groom's official
Wear a robe and jacket and a melon hat. Times have changed, young man.
Everyone likes fashion. Speaking of the origin of the word "Donggan", the old man told us 19.
In 1960s and 1970s, it was distributed in Gansu, Shaanxi, Ningxia and other places in northwest China.
Gave birth to the Hui uprising. In the end, about 6,000 people from the uprising team came to Central Asia, with the largest number.
A team led by Bai Yanhu came to the bank of the Chu River and set up a "camp" (Donggan
What people call villages and their habitats). Probably because they come from the eastern Tianshan Mountains,
Or it has something to do with Gansu. The locals call them Donggan people.
At present, there are about 50 thousand Donggan people living in Central Asia, most of whom live in
I live near tokmak. The surrounding Masanqi and New District are inhabited by Donggan people.
Almost 100% of the residents here are Donggan people. They stayed in Central Asia.
The original lifestyle basically did not intermarry with foreigners. Maybe that's why it's late.
The traditional customs of China in Qing Dynasty and the dialects in Northwest China have been completely preserved.
Come down. Until now, they still call government officials "adults" and government agencies.
As a "yamen", I call my wife "aunt".
Donggan people are mostly engaged in agricultural production. They are famous for their diligence and got Central Asia.
The unanimous recognition of all ethnic groups in this area. Local people say that the crops of Donggan people are better than their own.
His ethnic group grows well, not because God is particularly kind to them, but because of Donggan.
People are building a beautiful home with their hard-working hands.
Due to historical reasons, the communication between Donggan people and China during the Soviet period was similar.
Blank. After the independence of Central Asian countries, governments actively encouraged people of all ethnic groups to expand their relations with China.
In terms of foreign exchanges, Donggan people have increasingly close ties with China. A man named Ellie.
The young Tang Ke Donggan told reporters that he had been to China many times, and the Donggan Association was here.
The meeting also visited Shaanxi, Xinjiang and other places many times to explore ways to attract investment.
He said: "I have witnessed the affluent life of the people of China with my own eyes, and I feel sorry for taking root in China.
Always proud. "
Eric said that Donggan people care about their "old country" and their "roots"
There is deep love. They generally hope to take advantage of their unique "blood relationship" with China.
Department ",as a link of good-neighborly cooperation between China and Central Asia. (End)
(Reporter tokmak)
People's Daily (1999,1February 6th edition)
Random thoughts on love in tokmak
Default classification 2007-08-27 22:42 Reading 2 1 Comment 0 Font size: large, medium and small.
I haven't read a book seriously for a long time and was moved by it. However, Yang Feng, a writer of Hui nationality in Xinjiang, wrote about love in tokmak, but it set off a frenzy that was deeply buried in his heart.
He wrote about a group of Donggan people who live on the Chu River in Central Asia. They are our mother compatriots.
/kloc-The second half of the 0/9th century was eventful for China. The autocratic and decadent Manchu court became a "lame dog" that everyone hated (in Zhang Chengzhi's words). The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement and the Northwest Uprising tore and hinged the tattered Dragon Flag like a pair of scissors. Accustomed to pretending to be a snake and scorpion, the Han scholar-bureaucrat class finally waited for the opportunity to "save the country by curve", and the pawns were desperate to "help the building and fall down". Because chaos is peaceful, there is no place for "thugs" in the vast China. In that unusually cold winter, a remnant army composed of ragged farmers, small businessmen and craftsmen helped the old and brought the young over the snow-capped mountains, fulfilling God's reservation.
1877' s nightmare is over. Today, in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and other countries, there are still descendants of this group of Hui rebels with a population of more than 654.38 million. In tokmak, Kyrgyzstan, there are more than 50,000 people-locally, this is a new ethnic group called "Donggan people".
More than one-third of the ethnic minorities with a population of only100000 have a university degree, one-third have received professional and technical education, and the rest have received a complete ten-year education, thus producing academicians of the National Academy of Sciences, doctors, writers and poets, famous journalists, as well as revolutionary activists, military leaders and Soviet national heroes during the Great Patriotic War. In the brutal war in the 1940s, the young people in Donggan who joined the army accounted for 12% of the whole population (much higher than the Russian nation's 5.7%). Due to the fearless warrior spirit of Donggan people, more than half of the soldiers died in battle. Almost every family in Donggan has "Soviet Martyrs" (1993, I saw in Almaty Museum that the whole division of Kazakh Red Army and the "panfilov Division" who participated in the Moscow Defence War were completely annihilated in the 194 165438+ campaign in early October. There are more than 400 Donggan officers and men in the division, and none of them are spared.
Yang Feng wrote with emotion: Donggan people, this is the way to repay others' kindness more than 60 years ago!
Donggan people have won due respect in the former Soviet Union of more than 30 nationalities in/kloc-0 with their personal intelligence and courage, and with the unity and sacrifice of the group!
Yang Feng also wrote: This small ethnic group in the East (Hui nationality) was born in the Yellow River valley and was involved in two battlefields in Asia and Europe at the same time in World War II. In the defending battles of Moscow, Leningrad and Stalingrad, in the tough battles to liberate Kiev, Kalinin and Minsk, and in the victorious March to occupy Warsaw, Sofia, Prague and Vienna, the loyal blood of the Donggan infantry, artillery, tank soldiers and pilots all ran out. Please write down their names-Major Yahya Idinov, Captain Huck Ibmovich, Captain Fenwal Masanchi, female military doctor, Sergeant Mansour Wang Imam, the "Soviet hero" who still bears the name of bowing down the mountain in Moscow ... In the five-part Soviet film Liberation, in the last battle to conquer Berlin, one was called "Yusuf" by his comrades. In the epic system featuring the supreme commander, marshal and general, such a named soldier was arranged-the Soviet government expressed its respect for the heroic Donggan soldiers in this way.
In the East, there are also a group of heroes whose names may be known, but their national identity has been covered up intentionally or unintentionally. They are:,, Zhao Shangzhi, Guo, An Deqing, Liu and Hai Fengge. ......
Wait!
The return of talents stems from the wisdom of Albania; Returning heroes stems from the innate martial spirit. How can such a group be labeled as a "backward nation"? Think again, think again! At present, the depravity of some nationalities lies in the loss of true faith and the barbaric assimilation of decadent culture. Don't correct our ethnic group.
Almost at the same time as interviewing Yang Feng, in the early 1990s, as a businessman, I was also active in Central Asian countries. Although I have been to tokmak many times, I don't have the profound and broad thinking as a writer. Reading "Love in tokmak" evokes a lot of memento mori. Those brothers and sisters who are generous and handsome and speak Russian and northwest dialect are vivid in my mind, which makes me aftertaste and miss.
I haven't verified the Russian origin of the word "Donggan". In Russia and Central Asian countries, I am called "Donggan". In my hometown of Xinjiang, we are still called "Donggan people" by other nationalities except Han nationality. There is only one change in pronunciation-"Tonggang"!