The characters about Zhuge in the History of the Three Kingdoms are clearly recorded as "Langya people". "Koch first, today the counties of reed {langya}, and then moved to Yang Du. Now there is a man named Ge, and people call him Zhuge because they think it is a surname. " Reflection? Biography of Zhuge Liang records that Ge Feng was the ancestor of Zhuge family when he moved to Yang Du from various counties in the Western Han Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhu Gejin, Zhuge Liang and Zhuge Dan held important positions in Soochow, Han Shu and Cao Wei respectively, and many outstanding successors appeared.
Zhuge Liang, born in Yang Du in the 4th year of Guanghe in the Eastern Han Dynasty (18 1), was a famous politician, strategist and thinker in the Three Kingdoms period. Father Zhuge Xuan, word. He used to be the deputy commander of Fuliang County, Taishan County in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and later moved to Taishan County. Zhuge Liang 14 years old went to Zhang Yu (now Nanchang, Jiangxi) with his uncle Zhuge Xuan, and then lived in Jingzhou (now Xiangyang, Hubei). At the age of 27, he went out to assist Liu Bei and helped him establish the Shu-Han regime. After Liu Bei's death, Liu Bei's son Liu Chan assisted him as prime minister. In 234, during the Northern Expedition of Cao Wei, he died in Wuzhangyuan, posthumous title.
Yang Du is the ancestral home and birthplace of Zhuge Liang. 1992, a memorial hall for Zhuge Liang's hometown was built in Sunjiahuangtuan Village, Zhuanbu Town, covering an area of 2,700 square meters. There is a Millennium ginkgo tree in the museum, which is 25 meters high and 3.75 meters in bust. The crown is about 14 meters wide from east to west and north to south, and has been listed as a key protected cultural relic.
Yan's ancestral home is also in Zhuanbu Town. There is a stone tablet in the former site of Qingquan Temple in Sanghang Village, the mayor of Zhuanbu (1520), which records this place as the filial capital. In the thirty-three years (1768), Gan Long, the ancestor of Yan family in Changshanghang village, recorded the genealogy of Yan descendants from Yan Sheng to Yan Huairen. The monument is now a municipal key cultural relics protection unit. There are letters, handwriting, letters and other keepsakes in this village, which were given to Yan clan members in Qufu during the reign of Qing Daoguang and Tongzhi. Yan lived in Qufu, and his ancestors were Confucius' students-"Resurrection" Yan Hui. In the early years of Cao Wei and Huang, Sun Yansheng, the 24th generation of Yan Hui, moved from Qufu to Linyi filial piety. Most of his descendants are knowledgeable and ambitious people, among whom Yan Zhenqing was a famous politician and calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty.
Yan Zhenqing, the word clear minister. Tang Zhongzong Jinglong was born in the third year (709). During the kaiyuan period, he was a scholar and moved to the palace as a suggestion. Later, it became the magistrate of the plain, which was called Yan Plain in history. The Anshi Rebellion played an important role. He once served as the founding father of officials, princes and counties, and was called Yan. Killed during the rebellion in Li Xilie. In the history of calligraphy, Yan Zhenqing is the most accomplished and influential calligrapher after the "Two Kings". His calligraphy style is called "Yan Ti", which is also called "Yan Liu" with Liu Gongquan, and has the reputation of "Yan Liu Jin Gu". Yan-style calligraphy has had a far-reaching impact on the development of calligraphy art in later generations.
The ancient city of Yang Du, located in Zhuge Village, Yang Du Village and Wangjiazhuang of Zhuanbu Town, is at the intersection of Yi, Wen and Meng, and is the intersection of Qi, Lu and Ju in the pre-Qin period. The Zhou Dynasty was Yangzhou, and the Qin and Han Dynasties were Yangdu County. The ruins of the old city are adjacent to the Yi River in the east, and there is still an ancient city wall foundation of 1.500 meters on the river bank. A large number of cultural relics have been unearthed around the old city. Nanjijiazhuang site is a cultural accumulation from Dawenkou culture to Longshan culture. There are Shang and Zhou ruins in the north and south of Xuezhuang, and a large number of pottery specimens have been collected on the surface. In Xiyuezhuang village in the west, the sites from Longshan culture to Shang and Zhou Dynasties and large tombs in Zhou Dynasty were discovered. During the excavation of 1998, two tombs were cleared. More than 30 pieces of cultural relics/kloc-0 were unearthed from the main tomb, including bronzes, bones, jade, pottery (painted) and lacquered wood. The unearthed musical instrument "Se" provides valuable information for the study of ancient ritual and music system. Five young women were buried in the martyrs' pit, and the excavation of one complete martyr's brain provided rare data for the study of human physique. A large number of horse leg bones were unearthed in the sacrificial pit. Judging from the unearthed cultural relics, martyrdom, martyrdom, etc., the tomb dates from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and may be a first-class marquis tomb. Experts believe that this tomb may be the tomb of Yang Guohou.
On June 5438+ 10, 2007, archaeologists discovered two Han tombs in the ruins of the ancient city of Yang Du, and conducted rescue excavations. On the lintel of Tomb No.1, there is a pattern of "Double Phoenix and Four Birds", in the horizontal section of the East Chamber, there is a pattern of "Bird's Head and Animal's Body", in the upper column of the north wall of the front chamber, there is a pattern of "Square", and other stone reliefs include dragons, flying horses, herons, birds and fish. The structural form of Tomb No.2 is basically the same as that of Tomb No.1, and it is a stone tomb mixed with masonry in the Eastern Han Dynasty. A large number of Han Dynasty stone reliefs are found in the tomb, mainly in deep relief, and the details of the picture, such as animal feathers and eyes, are engraved with negative lines, which is different from the carving style of the stone reliefs in the Han Dynasty tomb in Beizhai.
Yang Du is located in the traffic artery of Lu Yu, with Xuhuai in Nantong and Qidu in the north. It has always been a battleground for military strategists. Bronze cymbals, bronze swords, iron swords and crossbows have been unearthed in the ancient city. For hundreds of years from Zhou to Han, it was once the economic and cultural center of this area. Land and water are convenient, and the rich are rich. In the early 1980s, Yang Du County was discovered in the south of the Yangtze River. 1962, the official seal of Shiluohou and other Han Dynasty seals were unearthed in the old town of Yang Du, but they have been lost overseas, and it is recorded in Yulong published in Taiwan Province Province.
In the south of Yang Du Village, 200 meters west of Yihe River, there is a white jade temple, commonly known as "Niangniang Temple". Today, the temple architecture has disappeared, leaving only a thousand-year-old ginkgo and three stone tablets. Among them, in the tenth year of Jiaqing (1805), the inscription "Rebuilding Kannonji" wrote: "Yiyi is a hundred miles south of the city, and the old White Temple is the former site of Wang Weicheng." The cultural layer is cultivated half a meter below the temple site, mostly relics of the Han Dynasty, as well as cultural relics from Longshan, Shang and Zhou Dynasties and Warring States Period.
In the west of the old city of Yang Du, there is a "chopping block" with the remains of "Cao Song's Tomb" in the cemetery of Cao Song, the father of Cao Cao. Cao Song was an official of the Han Dynasty, and this official was Qiu. At the end of Han Dynasty, Dong Zhuo made an insurrection, and Cao Song took refuge in Langya. After Cao Cao's separatist regime, he took his father to live in Yanzhou. When Tao Qian, the secretariat of Xuzhou, saw that Cao Song was rich, he killed his family and took away all his property. After learning the bad news, Cao Cao rushed to the scene, collected the body and held a funeral on the spot. Today, Cao Song's cemetery has been leveled, leaving only a stone tablet.
There is a Jiuding Lotus Mountain in the southwest of Zhuanbu Town, and there is Qingquan Temple on the mountain. Qingquan Temple was founded in the Western Han Dynasty, and there is a clear spring in the back hall, hence the name. Many ancient scholars and celebrities studied here. It was rebuilt and expanded in the later dynasties, and became a modern scale in the Republic of China. 1943 was destroyed by war. Before the destruction, the temple was about 300 meters from the front hall to the back hall and more than 200 meters wide from east to west. There is a forest of steles in front, and there are more than 130 steles in each dynasty. During the "Cultural Revolution", most of them were destroyed, with more than 10 complete stone tablets and more than 20 residual tablets. Among them, Zhuge Liang, Wang Xizhi and Yan Zhenqing's Monument to Immortals in Past Dynasties was erected in the 12th year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1673), with a height of 1.6m, a width of 1.2m and a thickness of 0.25m Its inscription reads: "Seven miles north of Fuyi Prefecture, named Xiaogan Township, is Zhuge of Han Dynasty.
The northeast of Jiuding Lotus Mountain is connected with Guiguzi Mountain, where Guiguzi Temple was built. According to legend, during the Warring States Period, the strategist Gui Guzi lived in seclusion here, and Sun Bin and Pang Juantong studied the art of war here. In his later years, Sun Bin came back here and finished Sun Bin's The Art of War. After death, villagers built a tower for burial in the northwest corner of today's Qingquan Temple site, and the tower site is still there.
Brick port town, Shannantou village, at the southern foot of Beishan Mountain, there are remains of the bones of Nian Army. Here stands a stone tablet of "Qin Ming's Dead Bone Tomb". In the first year of Tongzhi (1862), the Qing army defeated the Nian army in Yanglan Lake in the north of the city, causing numerous casualties. In the spring of the eighth year of Tongzhi (1870), the Qing court ordered the disorderly bones here to be gathered and buried in the ditch at the south end of the mountain. The official name is "tomb of dead bones", commonly known as "tomb of ten thousand bones".