Viewing the Sea is a four-character poem written by Cao Cao, a poet in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.
original
watching the sea
author: Cao Cao? [Han dynasty]
Jieshi is in the east to see the sea.
where there is water, there are mountains and islands.
there are many trees and plenty of herbs.
the autumn wind is bleak and the waves are surging.
the trip to the sun and the moon, if out of it;
if the star is brilliant, it will come out of it.
fortunately, even, the song sings with ambition.
Go eastbound and climb the high Jieshi Mountain to enjoy the boundless sea.
how vast and mighty the sea is, and the islands in the sea are listed and towering.
there are lush trees and flowers around.
The bleak wind came, the vegetation shook, and huge waves surged in the sea.
The sun and the moon rise and set, as if from this vast ocean.
The brilliant stars in the Milky Way also seem to emerge from the embrace of the sea.
what a blessing! Just use poetry to express your mind.
Appreciating
Watching the Sea is to express feelings by taking advantage of the scenery, which skillfully combines the sea scenery in front of you with your own ambitions. Judging from the genre of the poem, this is an ancient poem; From the way of expression, this is a four-character landscape poem. The words "Jieshi in the east, to see the sea" point out the position of "viewing the sea": the poet climbed the top of Jieshi, with a vast view and a panoramic view of the sea.
The climax of Watching the Sea is at the end of the poem. Its feelings are very unrestrained, but its thoughts are very subtle. Not only did the scene blend, but also the combination of reason and emotion was achieved. Because it is implicit, it is more enlightening, more stimulating to our imagination and more intriguing.
the first four lines describe the scene of the sea, which is dynamic and quiet. For example, "The autumn wind is bleak, the waves are surging" and "What's the water?" describe the dynamic scenery, while "Trees are full of plants and grasses are abundant" and "Mountains and islands are full of sceneries" describe the static scenery.
"The water is so beautiful, the mountains and islands are so numerous" is the first impression of looking at the sea, which is a bit like the outline of a painting. In this rippling sea, the first thing that catches your eye is the towering mountain islands, which are dotted on the flat and wide sea surface, making the sea look magical and spectacular. These two sentences give a general outline of the prospect of the sea, which will be described in depth at different levels below.
"There are many trees and plenty of herbs. The autumn wind is bleak, and Hongbo surges. " The first two sentences specifically describe the mountainous island: Although the autumn wind is bleak and the vegetation is falling, the island is lush with trees and beautiful herbs, giving people a poetic feeling. The last two sentences are a further description of the sentence "What's the water like?": Looking carefully, the sea surface in the bleak autumn wind is actually a huge wave, surging and undulating. It shows that in the face of the bleak autumn wind, the author still has the "ambitious" mind of "old horse crouching and aiming at a thousand miles".
"the trip to the sun and the moon, if out of it; Xinghan is brilliant, if it is out of it. " Using the author's imagination, I wrote the author Cao Cao's lofty aspirations. The previous description highlights the momentum and power of the sea in front of readers; It shows the author's broad mind, open mind and grand ambition in rich associations. It implies a kind of mind to bring the world into your own hands like the sea holds everything. "Fortunately, even, the song is to sing." This is a cliche in the chorus, which has nothing to do with the content of the poem, and also points out that it was sung by Yuefu.
This poem is full of scenery, in which there are no words to express feelings directly, but reading the whole poem can still make people feel the poet's feelings deeply entrusted by it. Through the poet's vivid description of the choppy sea, readers seem to see Cao Cao's great ambition and grand mind to forge ahead and unify the country, and touch the flow of his thoughts and feelings in a typical environment as a poet, politician and strategist. The landscape part accurately and vividly depicts the image of the ocean, simple and full, rich but not trivial, like a thick charcoal brush. What is particularly valuable is that this poem not only reflects the image of the ocean, but also endows it with character. Every sentence is a scene, and every sentence is lyrical. It shows both the sea and the poet himself. Poets are not satisfied with imitating the shape of the ocean, but strive to express the pregnant and turbulent character of the ocean through images. The sea, originally lifeless, has a character in the poet's works. Only in this way can we reflect the face of the sea more truly and profoundly.
Note
Pro: Boarding means sightseeing.
jieshi (jié): the name of the mountain. Jieshi Mountain, Jieshi Mountain in Changli, Hebei Province. In the autumn of 27 AD, Cao Cao passed by when Wu Huan was victorious and returned to Li.
Cang: connected with "Cang", turquoise.
Sea: Bohai Sea
Ho: How
dàn dàn: The way the water waves shake.
s ǒ ng zhi: standing tall. Mao, Tong Song, Gao.
bleak: the sound of trees being blown by autumn wind.
Hongbo: Surging waves
Sun and Moon
If: Like. Like.
Xinghan: Galaxy, Tianhe.
fortunately: fortunately.
hen: hen, adverb of degree.
to: pole.
fortunately, even, the song celebrates the ambition: it's so lucky! Just use poetry to express your mind.
Source of the work: Cao Cao Ji
Literary genre: Four-character Poems
Comments by famous experts
Tang Wu Jing's Interpretation of Ancient Poems in Yuefu: "Jieshi is in the east, and you can see the vast sea, and the sun and the moon come in and out of it." ?
Qing Zhang Yuxi's Appreciation of Ancient Poems: "This aim is to accommodate, but to compare with the sea; The four sentences of' Sun and Moon' turn to the sun, the moon and the stars, imagine out of thin air that it contains measurement, write the sea, and write it yourself. " ?
Qing Shen Deqian's The Source of Ancient Poetry: "There is a cosmic atmosphere."
creative background
Wu Huan was a great disaster in the northeast at that time. In the 11th year of Jian 'an (26), Wu Huan invaded Youzhou and captured more than 1, households of Han people. In the same year, Yuan Shang and Yuan Xi, the sons of Yuan Shao, colluded with Ta Dun, the leader of Wuhuan in western Liaoning, and harassed the border repeatedly, so that Cao Cao had to resolutely decide to go north to conquer Wuhuan in the twelfth year of Jian 'an (27). Later, under the guidance of Tian Chou, he used tricks. Cao Cao finally won a decisive victory in the great war in August this year. This victory consolidated Cao Cao's rear, and laid the foundation for the next year's conquest of the south, with a view to realizing the grand aspiration of reunifying China. And "Watching the Sea" was written when Wu Huan, who was victorious in the northern expedition, returned to Li after Jieshi Mountain.
Author's brief introduction
Cao Cao (Gengzi in the first month of 155-22), whose name is Meng De, was born in Geely, Asan and Pei Guoqiao (now Bozhou, Anhui), Han nationality. An outstanding politician, strategist, writer and calligrapher in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. After Cao Pi, the founder of Cao Wei regime in the Three Kingdoms, proclaimed himself emperor, he was revered as Emperor Wu, with the temple name Taizu. Cao Cao is good at poetry, expressing his political ambitions and reflecting the miserable life of the people at the end of Han Dynasty, with great spirit, generosity and sadness. Prose is also neat and tidy, which has opened and prospered Jian 'an literature and left valuable spiritual wealth to future generations. It is called Jian 'an style in history, and Lu Xun rated it as "the founder of transforming articles". At the same time, Cao Cao is also good at calligraphy, especially at carving grass. Zhang Huaiguan in the Tang Dynasty rated it as a "wonderful product" in Shuduan.