A common counterfeiting method of ancient coins
1. Re-casting method
This method uses the original real money as a model to forge the copper water. Most of them are ancient copper coins or Bronze mirrors are melted, so the copper they cast is still bronze or red copper. Due to thermal expansion and contraction, the cost of turning the money is less than the cost, that is, a small turn of this kind of counterfeit money is on the market. There are many counterfeit coins on the market, and some of them are almost real.
2 Modification method
Choose thicker old copper coins to grind off the original text and engrave another rare product to forge such forgeries. There are many such forgeries, such as five baht and engrave it as Taiqing Fengle small goods spring was changed to Yongguang Jinghe, etc. There are also choices of copper coins with vague inscriptions or inscribed characters or stars and moons, such as changing half liang to two liang or half and a half, changing five baht to five five, or baht baht in various ways. The method is novel and innovative
3 Adhesive splicing method
This method is mostly used to make two or several pieces of the same coin from the same coin by grinding off the loose parts and gluing them together. Lianquan combined the back or the same text money and the back of two old coins were rubbed off and put together to form two-sided characters
4 color and old methods
The unearthed ancient coins have been covered with corrosion after hundreds of years of underground corrosion. Emerald green, some with mottled red, green, yellow and white spots are called "pitted rust" in the coin world. The ancient coins handed down from ancient times are yellowish-brown or brown due to oil sweat from long-term play. Counterfeiters want to obtain the appearance of "pitted" and "ancient". The common methods to make the color of fake money old are as follows:
The first is to fake green. Because the ancient coins unearthed have green rust, the forged ancient coins can only be realistically fake by adding green rust. There are seven types: (1) Burying counterfeit money in the soil and after two or three years, it will be covered with green rust when taken out; (2) Dipping counterfeit money in hydrochloric acid or acetic acid and then burying it in the soil for one year. After taking it out after half a time, it will be covered with green rust; (3) Use glue mixed with green powder and apply it on the money to become a kind of hard green rust (4) Use rosin mixed with green powder and apply it on the fake money It becomes a kind of embroidery similar to hard green; (5) Use green enamel paint to coat the fake money. After a year and a half, the enamel paint dries hard and hard like hard green embroidery; (6) Use real patina to stick to the fake money, so it looks like this Hard green all over the body; (7) Soak the money in vinegar and add copper sulfate
The second is the method of forging red rust. The unearthed ancient coins also have red rust. There are four methods of forging red rust: (1 ) The resulting counterfeit money is burned with fire until it is immersed in cold water and it will have a red rust; then it is dipped in hydrochloric acid or acetic acid and buried in the soil. After a year and a half, it will be taken out and have a red-green rust color, which is quite like the unearthed ancient coins; (2 ) Using glue mixed with red powder can also create red and green rust colors; (3) Using rosin mixed with red and green paint on fake money will become red and green rust; (4) Using red enamel paint and green enamel paint to paint fake money. Red and green rust can also be caused on the money
The third is forgery. Ancient coins that have been passed down for generations and have not been buried in the dynasty for several generations often have a dark brown color on the money surface. This color is called forgery by ancient forgers. There are usually two methods: (1) Calcining the counterfeit money with fire and taking it out so that the surface of the cold money turns black, then wrapping it in a belt and wrapping it up for a year and a half will make the color smooth and similar to real money; (2) ) Soak the counterfeit money in hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid for a day or two, then take it out and it will turn black, then wrap it in a belt for a year and a half, and the color will gradually become glossy, which is the same as the handed down ancient money
Identification of the style of the second ancient money
1 Pre-Qin coin style
The currency of the Pre-Qin period was mainly Daobu Yuanqian antbiqian (also known as grimace money), etc. Most of the Daobu coins have extremely high prices in some areas. The coin body of Yifang Zubu Jimo knife and other coins is thicker). The gate of the knife coin at the first end and the edge of the knife cloth often have a lot of copper squeezed out of the mold during casting. Because they are not polished, they are in a natural state and are somewhat forged. The edge of the Daobu coins is smoothed, which is actually superfluous and exposes the traces of forgery. Most of the characters on the Daobu coins are carved on the clay mold with a knife. The strokes are made with one knife and will not change or even be seen. The calligraphy of the Warring States period, such as the shape of the knife and the knife, is smooth, elegant, coherent, vivid and natural. However, due to the lack of in-depth study of the Warring States period, some fake calligraphy and paintings are sluggish and the meaning of the calligraphy is completely lost. Since the Warring States period is difficult to imitate, the forger always obtains the authenticity. There are counterfeits of money that are recast. Such recast counterfeit money is more difficult to identify. However, through careful observation, you can find that recast counterfeit money is generally thicker, heavier, and coarse in copper. Of course, some of this type of counterfeit money is extremely finely cast, so it must be Only by carefully observing the appearance of the entire coin and the authenticity of the rust pieces can we make a correct judgment
2 Coin Style of the Han Dynasty
The three-baht currency during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty did not last long and was rarely forged. Those who took five baht and re-engraved it, but three baht are better than ordinary five baht light shoes. The writing of the word "baht" is also obviously different from five baht, which is easy to identify. There are also fakes that are recast with money, but they can be
There are many common half-liang and five-baht coins in the Han Dynasty that are fake. The counterfeit products currently seen are almost all the special coins of the half-liang and five-baht coins, such as "two liang" and "five-five" coins. Forgers generally use the method of re-engraving real money. There are also counterfeit coins made from sand, such as "five-five" and "plain five-baht", but the coining is not refined and the flesh is rough. The coin-casting technology of the New Mang Dynasty is very particular about the direction of casting money. Experts, but careful observation of Wang Mang's money can also be divided into fine points. For example, the famous Liuquan Shibu has an outline with slanted strokes, thin and straight strokes, which is particularly exquisite; There are two types (those with a middle line between the first ends) and those that are not penetrating. Generally speaking, the money writing at that time was mainly hung needle seal script. The smooth and sharp layout of the strokes and the symmetry and decentness were all excellent. Among the six springs and ten cloths, except for the big spring and the big cloth. There are many foreign counterfeit products, including the "Youquan Twenty" counterfeit money that has never been seen as real money and is only reproduced according to the old genealogy. It is poorly made and easy to identify; there are also the "Zhuangquan Forty" counterfeit money that is modified from old money; and there are also fake money that are copied from real money. Although the counterfeit coins are more refined, the text lacks vitality compared to the genuine ones. Finally, it is possible to identify the Daquan Fifty coins of the New Mang Dynasty. Although no one has forged them, there are also fakes of some special items such as Daquan Five Bahts and the genuine Daquan Five Bahts. The original "ten" character of the reformed coins cast at that time is still faintly visible; there is also a large spring fifty with auspicious words on the back such as "Chang Le Wei Young" and other words and calligraphy that are vivid and cannot be imitated by forgers, but are extremely rare
3
It is ok for foreign teachers to study abroad
Coin styles of the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties
There were many types of coins during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and the money writing has been broken The habit of commensurate baht and baht has emerged. Some national name coins, year name coins and ancient proverb coins such as "Fenghuo", "Hanxing", "Liangzao Xinquan", "Daxia Zhenxing", "Yongguang", "Jinghe", "Tianqing Fengle" "Etc. This type of money is often counterfeited because it is a rare commodity. The "fenghuo" money has a poor caster, but the writing is vigorous and clumsy. The fakes are similar in appearance and magical, and the authenticity is easy to compare. The diameters of "Hanxing", "Yongguang" and "Jinghe" are 1.55. The diameter of "Liangzao Xinquan" and "Tianqing Fengle" is between 2 and 2.2 cm. The diameter of "Daxia Zhenxing" is between 2.2 and 2.3 cm. If you find anything with a diameter larger than this, it is basically The fake money "Han Xing" has two kinds of characters: direct horizontal reading and seal script "Yongguang" and "Jinghe". It is extremely rare. No new ones have been unearthed since liberation. The money is small and large, easy to be damaged and destroyed, so there are only a handful of exquisite and intact coins in existence. Countable; of the two, "Yongguang" is particularly rare. Forgers often use five baht in the Six Dynasties to make it, but the shape and writing are unrecognizable. The writing of "Liangzao Xinquan" is thin and dignified, and has its own style. Unfortunately, there are often residual copper coins between the strokes. The writing is not very clear. If found, The particularly clear and regular "Liangzao Xinquan" requires careful observation to see if it is genuine. The Northern Wei Dynasty's "Taihe Five Baht" mostly has raw pits, while most of the fakes have mature pits (this is not to say that the Taihe Five Bahts that have mature pits are mostly Baht are all counterfeit) All popular ancient coins handed down from generation to generation are tied up with ropes whether they are carried or collected. After a long period of friction, both sides of the money will be as flat as a mirror. If it is artificially aged, the outline of the characters will often be worn away and the characters will lose their spirit.
4 Coin style of the Tang Dynasty
The coins of the Tang Dynasty were mainly Kaiyuan coins. The Kaiyuan coins of the early Tang Dynasty were large and exquisite. The casters of Kaiyuan coins in Huichang were relatively rough. The inscriptions on the backs were "Chang", "Jing" and "Luo". "Yi", "Jing", "Xiang", "Lan", "Yue", "Xuan", "Hong", "Tan", "Study", "Run", "E", "Ping", "Xing", "Liang", "Guang", "Zi", "Fu" "Gui", "Dan", "Yong" and other 23 types of people with the character "Yong" on their backs are the least. The character "Yong" can be divided into different sizes, but the characters are often bloated and plain and beautiful. There are few forgers and some have blurry characters on the back. The Kaiyuan of Huichang was re-engraved with the word "Yong" in Kaiyuan, so when identifying it, you should pay attention to whether there are any traces of knife carvings around the word "Yong". If it is a forger, it is a different matter. The back text of Huichang Kaiyuan was printed on the top and bottom of the mold with a small stamp before casting. The left and right positions are not strictly fixed, and sometimes there are many protruding money faces. In addition, there are Huichang Kaiyuan coins with inscriptions on the back that are unclearly printed or cannot be explained for a while, but they are indeed authentic and not forged. The Dali Jianzhong coins of the Tang Dynasty are also relatively rare. There are some forged ones, but they are rare imitations. The production of Dali Jianzhong coins is not as good as that of the Kaiyuan coins of the early Tang Dynasty. There are still large and exquisite ones. Most of the Jianzhong coins are thin and small. There are very few large and thick ones.
5 Coin style of the Five Dynasties
During the Five Dynasties, separatist regimes in various places set up furnaces to mint various types of coins. In order to cope with financial difficulties, those who fought against the government for many years either cast large coins or cast iron, lead and low-quality alloy coins. Therefore, during the Five Dynasties, there were more large coins and more iron coins. There are many lead coins, and they are not as fine and rough as the "Tianfu Yuanbao" in the Later Jin Dynasty, which was mostly thin, small and poorly made; the "Zhouyuan Tongbao" of the Later Zhou Dynasty is exquisite and unusually similar to the Kaiyuan coins of the early Tang Dynasty. The "Zhouyuan Tongbao" has large coins and small flat backs. Dragons, phoenixes, Buddhas, roosters and other patterns are imitations of later generations and are by no means commonplace at that time. They are also Ma Yin's "Qianfeng".
The large iron coin of "Quanbao" has a very large difference in fineness and roughness. The large copper coin of "Qianfeng Quanbao" is rarely seen in the world. It is rare to see fake coins. The text is too artificial and loses interest. The authenticity can be seen through careful identification
6 Song Dynasty Coin style
Song Dynasty coins were generally minted with a new type of money every time the year name was changed. The number of coins produced was rare in the history of the dynasties. During the 300 years of the two Song Dynasties, Xiaoping and Zheerqian were mainly used. The outline and size of large coins have certain standards. Since the seventh year of Chunxi in the Southern Song Dynasty, the back of the coin has been marked with numbers. The money writing style has gradually been dominated by the Song style. Generally speaking, the minting of coins in the two Song Dynasties is exquisite, especially in the Huizong period. The unique thin gold style is particularly prominent. Qian Wenxiuxian's calligraphy and exquisite casters often dwarf counterfeit products. Another feature of Song Dynasty coins is that there are many editions, such as Xuanhe Zhenghe and Zhenghe. There are hundreds of editions. Jiading iron coins of the Southern Song Dynasty are different in size. It is red and exclusive, including Tongbao, Yuanbao, Zhongbao, Xinbao, Yongbao, Zhenbao, Zhenbao, Zhengbao, Wanbao, etc. There are more than 10 kinds of them, and the inscriptions on the back are marked with records, places, age, and value. It is truly a pioneer in the past dynasties. Ordinary Song coins have not been forged, but Kangding Zhihe There are many counterfeit coins such as Chongbaobifang, Guosheng, Song, Tongbao, Jingkang and so on. When encountering such coins, you must treat them with caution and carefully observe whether there are traces of forgery and whether they are consistent with the large number of ordinary Song coins. There are three types of Lin'an Prefecture coins in the Southern Song Dynasty. Style; one is the upper and lower corners; the other is the upper and lower corners; the third is the upper circle and the lower corner. Qing Dynasty imitators used their money to make the fakes by sanding, which can almost look like the real ones. However, the rust-colored color paste is not as good as the shape of individual characters.
7 Liao Dynasty coin style
Liao Dynasty coins have their own special style. In the past one or two hundred years, the money, text, and form have been uniformly inherited. This shows that the coinage of the Liao Dynasty has obvious tradition. Early coins of the Liao Dynasty, such as Tianxian Yingli, Baoning Tonghe, etc., are very few in existence. Forgers have no way to find the blueprints, so fake coins are also There is a rare Tonghe Yuanbao counterfeit that is far from the Liao Dynasty style and is easy to identify
8 Jin Dynasty coin styles
Jin Dynasty coins are famous for their exquisiteness, which is related to the Jin Dynasty mastery The technical power of coin casting in Shaanxi furnaces in the Song Dynasty. Regarding the Taihe Tongbao of the Jin Dynasty, large coins with calligraphy are extremely rare. Only two editions have been found in the past decades. Their calligraphy styles are very good, the outlines and text are slightly fat and thin. A fake imitating the fine-print edition has been seen. The coins are well cast and are obviously made from real money. However, the outer ring was struck and deformed in order to cover up the traces of new castings. Most of the Taihe Tongbao in Xiaoping regular script are made of white copper, which is also very rare; the Taihe coins in seal script are not authentic; the seal script folds three Taihe coins. It is true that there is an authentic product, but it is extremely rare to survive; no authentic copper coins from Cheng'an treasures have been found
9 Yuan Dynasty Coin Style
Except for the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty and Datong Bao, early coins of the Yuan Dynasty were minted In some eras, only temple money has been passed down. Such small temple money is not used as currency. The old name is support money. The Zhizhengquan note at the end of the Yuan Dynasty has a larger value (that is, the larger the shape of the money). The wrong face and back, resulting in misalignment of the characters. The outline and outline are tilted to one side, but it is natural and unpretentious. The strokes on the back are more complicated and unclear. Most of them are counterfeiters. They often use real money to recast them. Due to poor reprinting, the back text is blurry and very different from the real one. There is also a kind of counterfeit. Deliberately imitating the inscriptions on the back is very clear, but also losing the powerful and natural style of the original money. Except for special envoys, the number of coins minted in the past has been in the tens of millions. It must be skilled workers who are competent and let them operate according to the process. If the counterfeiters wantonly imitate, they will miss the other and make things worse for the farmers in the late Yuan Dynasty. The coins of the rebel army, such as Apocalypse, Tianding, Tianyou, Dragon and Phoenix, are not only excellent in calligraphy, but also fine in casting. Dayi Tongbao's casters are not as good as the above four, so they are called "Jingtiandingchaudayi". Dayi Tongbao occasionally has exquisite ones, but they are very few and above five. There are counterfeit products of all kinds, among which the most popular ones are Tianqi and Longfeng. There is a kind of Tianqi Tongbao counterfeit money, which is made from Tianding Tongbao by changing "Ding" to "Qi". There is an obvious sense of incongruity in the character "Qi"
10 Ming Dynasty Coin Style
The characters in the early and late Ming Dynasty coins are different. The early narrow-wheel characters are tall and graceful; the later money characters become wider. Song style is the main style, and Dazhong Hongwu money in the early Ming Dynasty is the representative of the early style. At that time, each bureau had castings, small flat folds, two folds, three folds, fifty folds, ten and five types. There were many versions. For example, the word "Tong" has single and double dots. There are several types of coins minted in various places, such as those with commemorative values ??on the back and bare ones, which have their own systems. The calligraphy styles are different and the number of surviving ones varies greatly. Forgers have changed the common Zhejiang and Henan editions into the rare Jingji-E editions, so that the characters on the front and back do not match. Weaknesses are exposed. For example, the fake money Dazhong Tongbao has ten hanging inscriptions on its back. It is completely in the Zhejiang version of the font. Another example is the fake money Tianshun Tongbao, which was recast from Dashun Tongbao in the late Ming Dynasty. Tianshun was not in the early and middle Ming Dynasty before Hongzhi. It should appear that the Qian style in the late Ming Dynasty actually did not cast Tianshun Tongbao in the Ming Dynasty. In order to avoid Zhu Yuanzhang's "Yuan" taboo in the Qianwen of the Ming Dynasty, they were all called Tongbao and read directly (that is, the two characters Tongbao are on the right and left); it was extended to the Qianwen of the Qing Dynasty.
Direct reading of Tongbao was still the main method until Xianfeng issued large coins, and the title of Yuanbao Zhongbao was restored
Identification of copper color of three ancient coins
The copper quality of ancient coins is mainly red copper Bronze, brass, white copper and other types of red copper have the highest copper content, generally over 90%. The color is purple-red bronze, which is a copper-tin-lead alloy. Its colors include dark red, light red or water red, blue, white and yellowish. Brass refers to the copper-zinc alloy, whose colors are It is divided into light gold and yellow. White copper refers to copper alloy, which is mostly seen in modern machine-made coins. It has some copper-colored and silver-white square holes. Ancient coins are also customarily called white copper coins, but they actually do not contain or contain very little. It is still a kind of bronze, just lead and tin. The copper color of ancient coins is changed due to the large number of ingredients. In order to respect customs and facilitate identification, it is still called white copper coins. Since the methods of casting coins in different places in various historical periods have different distribution of copper resources and components, the copper quality of ancient coins is There is also a big difference in color. The quality of ancient coins is generally obtained by chemical analysis. However, this destructive test has no practical significance for the identification of ancient coins. Therefore, the copper color of ancient coins is more important in the identification of pre-Qin coins. The copper color of money is deep red, which is close to that of copper knives. The copper color of cloth coins is mostly light red. Another characteristic of pre-Qin coins is that the coins are relatively explosive. Counterfeiters often infiltrate too much lead to increase the fluidity of the copper melt. This kind of counterfeit copper Dark red in color, soft and easily deformed, half a liang and five baht have a long casting period. The copper color is also different in shades. The Taihe five baht copper that has been handed down for a long time is exposed. Its color is deep red and its texture is extremely fine. There are almost no blisters or pores on the surface. The gold border of this kind of large-character version is slightly lower, and the copper color of the counterfeit is lighter and the copper is rougher. The Tiande Chongbao from the Five Dynasties has a copper color with a slight blue stripe. The white day Ce Fubao handed down often has a layer of black oxide layer on the surface. The inner copper is mostly The copper color of the coins of the Southern Tang Dynasty is also mostly yellowish. The copper color of the coins of the Southern Tang Dynasty is also yellowish. The copper color of the early Northern Song Dynasty iron mother, such as Taiping in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, is light yellow or slightly yellow. The copper color of the late iron mother, such as Shaosheng, Song Dynasty and Daguan, is darker. The copper color of Xuanhe Jingkang Jianyan Xiaoping iron mother is mostly white copper. The color of Jianyan heavy treasure is dark red. The copper color of iron mother of Southern Song Dynasty is mostly yellowish. The copper color of Liao coins is dark red or purple. The copper color of Xifu coins is water red. The copper color of Yuan coins is dark red and light. There are many red ones, but some of the money for temples and temples are also yellowish. Before Jiajing, the coins were cast in bronze. After Jiajing, they were mostly made of brass. This is related to the mastery of zinc refining technology. The copper color of carved mothers (ancestral coins) in the Ming and Qing Dynasties was mainly golden. They were cast in Xinjiang in the Qing Dynasty. The money is made of red copper, so it is called Xinjiang Red Coin. The two outer edge widths of dark yellow and dark red are the same as those of ordinary 100-dollar coins. It is said that Baofu Bureau's large coins are made of copper cannon materials with different shades of copper, but mainly light red copper. Xiaoping iron mother and some of the 10-dollar coins are made of white copper. The Xianfeng Baohe Baoshaan is made of five hundred yuan, which is considered to be a thousand yuan. It is made of copper, and the ten to one hundred yuan is made of brass. The brass Baoshaan, which is considered to be a thousand yuan, is a fake. Baoquan, Baoyuan and Baogong are considered to be five hundred. There are two kinds of five thousand coins: brass and copper. The copper color is slightly golden, and the copper character is Zhejiang characters. The copper color is slightly golden, and the copper is fine and dense. The calligraphy is solemn. The fake money is ordinary regular script. The copper color is light brass and thick. The copper color of some ancient coins is listed above. But excluding special circumstances
Identification of the four ancient coin shapes
In the shape of coins, the coin fonts mostly show the consistency of the times. Each coin text has its own characteristics, but it has its own characteristics. The rule that characters from a historical period are always unique to the era can also be used as one of the basis for identification. To identify whether a coin font is correct or not, first look at whether it conforms to the characteristics of the times. The second step is to see whether it conforms to the characteristics of this variety. For example, some "Eastern Zhou" and "Western Zhou" coins and coins are in Xiaozhuan style, and some "converted" Qianwen into Xiaozhuan style are obviously fakes. Xiaozhuan style is the two styles of the Warring States Period that were only popularized throughout the country after the unification of the Qin Dynasty. Zhou Qianwen should have the basic writing style of the Three Jin and Zhou Dynasty bronze inscriptions; transformed Qianwen should have the characteristics of Qi characters. For example, Qianwen in the Song Dynasty has "Fangtoutong". Qianwen in the Ming and Qing Dynasties also has "Fangtoutong", but the degree of squareness is different. The process of change from not too square to very square. The characters on a coin are written by the same person and should be consistent with each other. It is difficult to do this with counterfeit coins made using the spelling method. Some people used the Yongli money of King Gui of the Southern Ming Dynasty and changed it to Tang Dynasty. The gap between the two fonts of the Dali money in Taizong's reign can be discerned by hundreds of years, no matter how sophisticated the techniques are.
The coining of money in each period may have some specific phenomena due to needs or regulations, such as Qi's In order to protect the money and inscriptions, the outline of the knife coin is cast higher. There is a high point in the middle of the back. Without this feature, it is probably a fake. Another example is the Qianfeng Quanbao Dali Yuanbao of the Tang Dynasty. The Jianzhong Tongbao Baoda Yuanbao Qianwen of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms The two vertical lines on the curved back of the handle of Yan's Ming Dao coins in the early period do not go up to the root of the handle. The Ming Dao coins in the later period are long and narrow. The two vertical lines on the folded handle of the coin chime are intrusive. The clear characters on the blade are mostly narrow and elongated. The chime is folded or the clear characters are oblate and the back is curved. It must be a fake because the glyphs do not match
Marks such as the stars and the moon, the pattern of the stars and the moon are also noteworthy features of ancient coins. The stars and the moon and other marks on the coins were intentionally made by the people at that time. Casting the stars began in the Qin Dynasty. The casting of the moon-shaped four-marks began with the five-baht coins of the Western Han Dynasty. From the Eastern Han Dynasty on five-baht coins, the stars and moons were cast until the Chongzhen coins of the Ming Dynasty, and after the Sui Dynasty, there were no longer four-marks on coins. The four-step pattern seems not to have appeared in the Eastern Han Dynasty. These marks are most diverse on the five-baht coins. Take the five-baht coin as an example; the red and flat five-baht coins of the Han Dynasty were cast with half diamond patterns. The Emperor Wu's five-baht coins were first cast with half-stars and half-stars to Wang Mang's coins.
The five-baht coins of the Western Han Dynasty had some four-cut patterns to Wang Mang's coins. From the unearthed coins of Qian Zhi to this day, it can be seen that there is no such system in the Eastern Han Dynasty. The four-step pattern on the back began in the "Daquan Fifty" of Wang Mang's time. There is no such system in the Western Han Dynasty. The five-baht coins of the Western Han Dynasty and Wang Mang's coins have no moon pattern. The five-baht coins of the Eastern Han Dynasty from Ming Emperor to Ling Emperor have been There are moon patterns but they are rare. Those that do not meet the above conditions are mostly fake money
Identification of Five Banknotes
Authentic banknote paper is specially manufactured. The raw materials and papermaking technology used are the same. Different from ordinary paper, paper is tough, wear-resistant and has good stiffness. In order to prevent counterfeiting, some methods are used in the papermaking process to make the paper have certain characteristics, such as watermarks, colored fibers and security threads placed in the paper. This is obviously different from other papers used for counterfeit banknotes. The paper is ordinary paper and is not strong and has poor stiffness. It is easy to break after long-term use and generally does not have the anti-counterfeiting features of real banknotes. Even if some counterfeit banknotes imitate these features, it can be seen.
The ink of real banknotes is specially made by The color and luster prepared by the research and production department under confidentiality are pure and beautiful, and have good printing adaptability. In the preparation of the ink, certain substances such as magnetic media materials are also added to become magnetic ink (the black ink on the gravure printing part on the front of the US dollar bill is magnetic) Ink) contains fluorescent substances to become fluorescent ink (fluorescent ink is used in some parts of Hong Kong dollar banknotes), etc. Counterfeiters do not know that the ink formula on genuine banknotes is to choose ordinary ink sold in the market, which is of poor quality and the color of the reproduction is not good. If you compare the real banknotes with the fake banknotes, you will see that the colors are different. Some counterfeit banknotes also have fluorescent ink, but they are different from the real banknotes
Authentic banknotes are usually printed using The method of combining gravure printing and offset printing. The main patterns on the face of the ticket, such as denominations and numbers, are mostly gravure printed. There are hand-stenciled and machine-stenciled images. The ink layer is thick and has strong luster. The lines are fine and well-defined. The ink in the gravure printing parts is touched by hand. Counterfeit banknotes with a raised feel are generally produced by photographic plate making and offset printing (lithographic printing). They do not have the characteristics of engraving and gravure printing on real banknotes. The line ink does not raise and feels smooth. The shading pattern of real banknotes is generally made of glue fly. Due to its high performance, it is specially designed for use. Printing machines and advanced technology offset printing patterns are different from ordinary offset printing patterns in society. The lines are fine and the colors are complex. They look colorful and changeable. The counterfeit banknotes are made by photographic plate making. Some of the thin lines on the real banknotes are not clearly visible. There are lines on the face of the banknotes. The lines on the front of counterfeit U.S. dollar bills are blank or broken and appear white. For example, the face lines on the front of counterfeit U.S. dollar bills are rough and the dotted lines cannot be seen clearly in bright areas. The counterfeit banknotes are more sophisticated and are somewhat deceptive, but experienced appraisers can still see it.
To identify genuine and counterfeit banknotes, the comparison method is generally used. Comparison is the only way to identify. First of all, we must be familiar with the characteristics of genuine banknotes. In addition, we must also understand The general characteristics of counterfeit banknotes can be identified through comparison. The comparison is to compare the paper watermark pattern, color, gravure line, ink, raised feeling, anti-counterfeiting mark, etc. Since the simulation ability of counterfeit banknotes is different, its simulation ability is the weakest aspect to distinguish it from real banknotes. If they are different, then further identify other differences to peel off all the camouflage. When checking banknotes, it is usually done by touching and looking at the same time. Touching by hand is mainly touching the paper, because paper has a different texture and feel from ordinary paper. Looking is mainly by looking at the portrait. (or main scene) characteristics because banknotes are generally gravure printed portraits (or main scene) with fine, clear and layered lines [provided by Shenzhen Hanlong]
Reference materials: