1, outstanding scientific and technological achievements. For example, Zu Chongzhi's calculation of pi, Li Daoyuan's notes on water classics, etc.
2. The ideological circle is extremely active. With the systematization of Taoism, the fierce struggle between Buddhism and anti-Buddhism, Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism began to merge, and literature, painting and grotto art were branded with Buddhism.
3. Reflect the characteristics of national integration. Representative cultures and achievements reflect national characteristics and different national styles.
4, with the brand of separatist regime. During this period, China society was in a state of separatism, and different regional cultures had their own characteristics and obvious differences, especially the cultural differences between the north and the south, and the styles of folk songs between the north and the south were quite different.
Extended data:
The academic trend of thought and metaphysical trend of thought in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties reflected the desire of some intellectuals to reform, develop and supplement Confucianism at that time to some extent. They are not satisfied with the solidification, dogmatism and theology of Confucianism, so they put forward philosophical concepts such as existence, practice and origin to demonstrate the rationality of Confucian famous religion.
Although they advocate metaphysics, in fact, they constantly infiltrate the Confucian spirit in their metaphysical talk, advocating that Confucius is higher than Laozi and Zhuangzi, and that the famous teachings are natural. Although there was a dispute between Confucianism and Buddhism in this period, because of the combination of Confucianism and political power, Confucianism was always in an orthodox position, and Buddhism and Taoism had to agree with the patriarchal ethics of Confucianism, and gradually formed the trend of three religions merging with Confucianism as the core. ?
During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, a new situation appeared in the ideological and cultural field, which was different from that in the Jin Dynasty. Metaphysics is silent, and Buddhism and Taoism continue to develop. Buddhism has translated a large number of scriptures, which have been widely circulated and penetrated into all levels of politics, economy, society, folk customs and culture. Confucianism is facing severe challenges.
Due to the rapid expansion of Buddhism, the relationship between Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism and its historical pattern have undergone new changes. The focus of Confucian scholars' ideological and cultural criticism turned from metaphysics of Laozi and Zhuangzi to Buddhism, and a large number of anti-Buddhist thinkers emerged.