Calligraphy Font Maker and Wanxingxing Picture Appreciation Calligraphy Font Maker and Wanxingxing Picture Appreciation 1
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What are the bones, tendons, veins, flesh and skin of calligraphy?
China's calligraphy is an abstract art of lines. Lines are the foundation and soul of calligraphy, and the only medium through which calligraphy can continue its life. How many calligraphers have worshipped them through the ages? Why do the lines of calligraphy have such charm?
Maybe we can find the correct answer from the shape of the line. Lines are composed of bones, tendons, veins, flesh and skin, all of which are indispensable. They were divided into five parts and merged into one. ? Bone, tendon, vein, meat, skin? That is, Chinese medicine? Five bodies? , is an important organization that constitutes the whole human body. As early as the 3rd century BC, it was in China's famous medical book Huangdi Neijing. Five bodies? Discussion:? The bones are dry, the muscles are stiff, and the skin is hard? Generally speaking, the above description is very accurate and accords with modern medicine.
The earliest use of medical terms to describe lines in calligraphy is probably Mrs. Jin Wei's "Pen Map": those who are good at writing are skinny, and those who are not good at writing are fleshy; The skinny and fleshy one is called Jin Shu; The fleshy bones are called ink pigs. ? Since then,? Bones? 、? Meat? 、? Tendon? Words symbolizing strength and life began to appear in the vocabulary describing calligraphy lines. Since the Jin Dynasty, it has been discussed in all previous dynasties. For example, Qing Kang Youwei's Talk about Guang Yi and Zhou Shuang says: If a book is a human being, it must have bones and muscles. ? In addition, there are also monographs such as Yi's "Hanlin Yaomu", Ting Xiang and Lu's "Yuyanlou Calligraphy". Blood method? 、? Bone method? 、? Tendon method? 、? Meat law? Chapter, unfortunately, no? Fabi? Say it. Lines have bones and flesh, how can they have no skin? Without skin coverage, bare bones and blood, such lines can not give people a beautiful enjoyment, but give people a feeling of fragmentation and trauma! Therefore, the line must have five bodies, all of which are indispensable. The following is a brief description of the lines.
? Bones?
It refers to the appearance of strong lines and strong momentum. ? Reflecting sunlight, there is a thick ink in the center of the line, and the sunlight is opaque? This is Shen Kuo's praise for the beauty of Xu Xuan's calligraphy lines. The center of this opaque line is the bone of the line, and the surrounding skin and tendons are slightly transparent. This phenomenon is similar to medical X-rays, only bones, muscles and veins are seen faintly. Because? There is thick ink in the middle of the line? Let us feel that this line is particularly thick, but? Touch? Come, so the two-dimensional space has become a three-dimensional space, which has a three-dimensional sense. Qing Liu xizai's artistic outline:? Words have the power of courage, so do bones? . Visible force is the expression of bone body. Calligraphy has always emphasized bones and muscles and their functions, and those with strong bones and muscles are the top grade. Is Zhu Qing and Lu Zhen's Introduction to Calligraphy also a cloud? But flesh and blood are born in bones and muscles, and bones and muscles are not established, and flesh and blood should not be proud. Therefore, take the bones and muscles in the book first. ? "YuYanLou calligraphy? Gu fayun:? Husband's bones are not sharp. It is also necessary to penetrate its force in the painting and gather its front in the word, so the vertical and horizontal dimensions are infinite. Only know? Straight man? 、? Is it tight? In two words, it can be done. ? Therefore, the thread bone has the greatest relationship with superb pen-centered skills.
? Tendon?
It refers to the tight lines and muddy strength. "Su Wen? Five zang-organs generate articles? All the tendons are festive? Tendons are attached to bones and gathered in joints, which are the tissues connecting joints and muscles. It can be seen that tendons are closely related to flesh and blood. What is the release of tendons in Shuo Wen Jie Zi? The power of meat? The "art outline" also says: Have the strength of forbearance and toughness? , therefore,? Tendon? It is itself a manifestation of strength, and this strength is deep, and it tends to be contained without being exposed. The essence of Hanlin: The tendon of the word, the pen is also. Hidden at the fracture, measured at the joint. It is also true that Tibetans squatted and robbed from beginning to end; The quantity is all air, and the fit is intentional. ? The ancients generally compared the brush strokes to the ridges of lines. Is this consistent? Tendon? The original meaning of. If the pen tip is not hidden in the broken part, the joint will not be too much, and it will also produce the disease of exposing tendons.
? Pulse?
Refers to the appearance of rich lines. Its original meaning refers to blood vessels, and Shuo Wen Jie Zi is interpreted as:? Blood is classified (oblique). ? Blood circulates in veins and reaches the bones and muscles outside, mainly to nourish and moisten the bones and muscles. So, there is a "difficult experience"? Blood governs it? But blood must circulate in the pulse, and if it is separated from the pulse, it will lose its nourishing function. The elder said that ink painting is the blood of words, too light will hurt the spirit, too thick will delay the use of pens, what should I do? I want to live, but I want to be flashy? (Qing? Zhou Xinglian's My Opinion on Linchi). The essence of Hanlin also says:? Words are born in ink, ink is born in water, and the blood of words is also in water. ? Therefore, the blood circulating in the veins is ink and wash. Only when ink and wash are harmonious and used properly can lines have a rich and vivid appearance and form a vivid life. The Biography of Guang Yi and Zhou Shuang said. Thick blood, old bones, hidden muscles and strange posture. Is it beautiful? And Cai Yong's so-called "nine potential"? Hard writing and beautiful skin? , its? Old bones? 、? Jincang? 、? Fleshy? 、? Beautiful skin? All kinds of beautiful textures are related to ink painting (? Blood? ) related. Therefore, calligraphers have always had high requirements for ink painting, such as raw ink, fresh water, Leng Mo studies and so on.
? Meat?
Of lines full and elastic. "YuYanLou calligraphy? Meat method:? The flesh of words is thin and thin, and the hand is heavy. However, it is particularly important to look at water and ink. Desire for water makes the meat loose, and stagnation of water makes the meat dry. Thick ink makes the meat stupid, while light ink makes the meat uncooked. Coarse meat stagnates, and accumulated meat condenses. ? "Hanlin tips? Meat method:? Full and flying, the flesh of words and pens are also full and fat, flying and thin. Fat man, ten cents is enough; Thin people save a lot of points. ? Therefore, the meat quality of lines depends on the depth of pen and ink. But what about meat? Fat? And then what? Thin? It depends on the specific situation: sparse and flat areas should be supplemented and dense and dangerous areas should be removed.
? Skin?
Refers to the smooth, clear and bright outline of lines, which plays the role of wrapping flesh and blood and not showing bones and muscles. (Nine Potential):? Hard writing and beautiful skin? You mean what the body has? Lee? Texture. All paintings should be filled with ink, otherwise the pen will be dry and bare, and the paintings will be fleshless; It's annoying. These two examples are enough to prove the lines? Skin? The importance of. Bao Qing Chen Shi's "Art Boat body double?" "under the book" cloud:? When the pen touches the paper, the water will bet, and the pen is strong enough to absorb the ink without overflowing, so the ink is no problem in the paper. If the brushwork is poor, there is no way to absorb ink, the ink overflows, the skin breaks into blood, becomes an ink ball, or the ink breaks into pieces. Where is the line shape? So, what are the lines? Skin? It has the greatest relationship with pen power. Blurred lines caused by dizzy rice paper give people an ethereal and mysterious feeling, including marriage groups. This hazy beauty is like
Calligraphy lines require five forms, but also need symmetry and coordination, otherwise the lines will lose their beautiful texture and enjoyment. Such as ink pig, meat duck, spring earthworm, autumn snake and other lines, disgusting, why is it beautiful? In addition, line shape is the carrier of spirit. If the five elements are not prepared, what is the meaning and charm?
Jiang Kui, a calligraphy theorist in the Song Dynasty, wrote in The Continuation of Book Spectrum? "Blood" said:? Taste ancient classics, without vibration, such as when you see waving. ? Lying quietly on paper with lines and dots? Vibration? When you get up, you can see that the line is a living body. ? Five bodies? The introduction of "reason" is a reflection of life on lines, which gives vivid life to calligraphy lines and fully embodies the aesthetic intention of the Chinese nation.