1. Comparison of the raw materials of jade in the Ming Dynasty and the materials used in modern imitation jade
The jade in the Ming Dynasty was mainly made of Xinjiang Hetian jade. In addition, white jade, topaz, jasper, ink jade, etc. Jade and other jade materials are also widely used. Generally, high-white jade materials are used for the processing of official products and fine products, while the rest are for folk use. It is generally said that jade of the Qing Dynasty is of good quality and has exquisite workmanship, while jade of poor quality is of average workmanship. Jade materials with cracks, dirt, and skin are mostly used in the processing of general jade and antique jade. In addition to using a small amount of high-white jade materials to make jade pendants, jade plaques, etc., modern jade making rarely uses aniseed or aniseed to make antique jade articles. The more widely used ones are green and white jade materials, old materials and other jade materials. Due to the difficulty in sourcing materials, counterfeiters often use newly developed substitute materials. The jade structure, hardness, and density of this substitute material are obviously different from those of Hotan jade.
2. Comparison of the accuracy of jade-making equipment in the Ming Dynasty and modern imitation jade equipment
The jade-making equipment in the Ming Dynasty did not have electric devices, let alone stepless transmission devices, and the materials and structures of the equipment , accuracy are relatively primitive. Due to the low degree of mechanization of the equipment and the poor material structure of the equipment, it will inevitably lead to self-wear of the equipment and materials, resulting in poor equipment accuracy and stability, and low grinding and processing efficiency. Therefore, large process errors are unavoidable process defects and process characteristics in the processing of jade in the Ming Dynasty. Such defects and characteristics are clearly reflected in the artistic effect of jade. This can be found in the jade of the Qing Dynasty. There are considerable errors in the craftsmanship accuracy, such as errors in symmetry, line grinding and parallelism. The errors on the grinding base surface also fully demonstrate the level of jade-making equipment and technology in the Ming Dynasty.
3. Comparison of Ming Dynasty jade and modern imitation jade paintings
Ming Dynasty calligraphy and painting not only inherited the traditional painting art, but also created and developed the artistic style of this era, and It continues to influence other art categories. The art of jade painting relies on various artistic styles of the Qing Dynasty to fully reflect the history and culture of the Qing Dynasty in the unique form of jade. Therefore, the painting design of jade in the Ming Dynasty has a strong sense of the times.