Du Mu (A.D. 803-853), born in Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi, Shaanxi), was the grandson of Prime Minister Du You. Yamato was a scholar in the second year and was awarded the title of school librarian of the museum. He worked as an aide in other places for many years, and later served as a supervisor of Kong Introduction Department, History Museum, Catering Department, Bibi Department, School Secretary Department, Huangzhou, Chizhou and Zhou Mu Secretariat, and finally became an official in Chinese books. An outstanding poet in the late Tang Dynasty, especially famous for his seven-character quatrains. He is good at prose, and his "Epanggong Fu" is read by later generations. He paid close attention to military affairs, wrote many military papers and annotated the Art of War by Sun Tzu. The Collected Works of Fan Chuan handed down from ancient times has twenty volumes, including four volumes of poetry, edited by his nephew Pei. There is also a volume of "Fan Chuan Waiji" and "Fan Chuan Bieji" supplemented by Song people. The Complete Tang Poetry contains eight volumes of Du Mu's poems. The late Tang poetry was so gentle that Mu Zhi corrected it with preciseness. People call it Xiao Du to distinguish it from Shaoling. The seven dragons have far-reaching charm, and the factions in the late Tang Dynasty were independent.
People call it "Xiao Du" to distinguish it from Du Fu. Mu Zhi is ambitious and eloquent, boasting about his ability to help the world. ICBC's cursive script "Xuanhe Shupu" says: "The grass is vigorous and powerful, which is consistent with its article." Dong Qichang's "Rong Tai Collection" said: "After I met Yan and Liu, if it weren't for Qing, (Du) was also famous." It is said that his book "has the charm of the Six Dynasties". The ink handed down from ancient times has Zhang Shihua. His works are very rich, including Collected Works of Fan Chuan, Old Tang Book (147) and New Tang Book (166). Zhang Shi Cao Shu Ink was written by Du Mu Taihe in the eighth year (834), at the age of 32. The post is a piece of hemp paper, 28.2 cm long and 162 cm wide, with 46 lines and 322 words in total. As can be seen from the whole poem volume, his calligraphy won the charm of the Six Dynasties. The original is now in the Palace Museum. This calligraphy work is magnificent and smooth. Because it is a manuscript of poetry, it is even more unpretentious. There are inscriptions, inscriptions and seals of Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties at the beginning and end of the volume. He has been awarded by Song Dynasty, Jia Sidao, Ming Xiangzi, Xiao Si, Qing Biao, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Neifu and Collection. There are records in Xuanhe Pu Shu, Rong Tai Collection, Splendid Life and Grand View Record. Du Mu is famous for his poems, so his title is covered by the title of his poems. This book was carved in Fa Tie, a monk. Photocopying can be done in Yan Guang Room and Showa Fa Tie Series.
Anecdote:
Du Mu is smart, straightforward and eccentric. His poems are bold, fresh and novel. In the late Tang Dynasty, the government was corrupt and people's grievances were boiling. With lofty aspirations and no way to serve, Du Mu has his own romantic, wild and dissolute side, and he has also performed quite well. The following is about how to feed Du Mu's steamed bun.
First, "Epang Palace Fu" helped Du Muzhong to become a scholar.
Cui Yan, a servant, was ordered by the imperial court to preside over the imperial examination and was about to leave for Luoyang. Officials from Shangshu, Zhongshu and Menxia provinces all went to Changle to see him off. At this moment, Dr. Wu Wuling of imperial academy came to see Cui Kun on a thin donkey. Cui Zan stayed and talked to him. Wu Wuling said, "You have noble morality and prestige, and you have undertaken the important task of selecting talents for Emperor Shengming. How dare I do my bit? " . Not long ago, I met dozens of college students holding their heads high and clapping their hands to read books. I looked at it, and it turned out to be Mutu's Epang Palace Fu. People like him are the emperor's assistants. I'm afraid you don't have time to read such words, because you are a big official. "He said he would recite the Epang Palace Fu he had brought in advance. Cui Yan was very surprised. Wu Wuling asked, "Shi Lan, please rank him as the top scholar. Cui Wei said: "Someone has already chosen." "Wu Wuling said:" If not, it will rank second. Cui Wei said: "Some people have already chosen. "Wu Wuling said," If you really have to, you will be ranked fifth. " Cui Yan didn't answer immediately. Wu Wuling said, "If you can't do this, just give me this poem back." Cui Yan quickly replied, "just follow your instructions. "
Cui Yan returned to the table and said to the gentlemen present, "Just now, Wu Taixue recommended the fifth Jinshi." Someone asked, "Who is it?" Cui Wei said, "Du Mu." Someone raised the question of Du Mu's informality. Cui Yan said: "The Book of the Later Han Dynasty contains a saying from Confucius: Those who value the world, regardless of small shame, take the four seas as their own duty, regardless of details. I have promised Wu Taixue that even if Du Mu kills the dog, it won't change.
Cui Zan returned to Chang 'an to pay homage to the Prime Minister and Mr. Scheeren, and Du Mu wrote poems to express his feelings in "To Be the Top Scholar".
33 people came back before the flowers opened in Du Dong. Teenagers make more wine in Qin, and spring scenery is about to enter the customs.
Second, the romantic trip of Yangzhou and the monitoring of cattle, monks and Confucianism
When Du Muzhong was a scholar, he met Niu Monks and Confucian who went to Yangzhou to be our Huainan envoy. Du Muzhong was recruited as an aide to deal with official documents. It is also overqualified. When he came to Yangzhou in the world of flowers and flowers, Du Mu went to the brothel to entertain himself almost every night. At this time, there are always twenty or thirty soldiers behind him, dressed in plain clothes, secretly protecting him. Du Mu felt that this situation was very beneficial to him and took it in stride. A few years later, the emperor asked Du Mu to be a counselor, and Niu Sangru gave a banquet to see him off and warned him: "If you use your spirit to hold such a position, you will definitely get a higher position." But I often worry that you can't control yourself because you are obsessed with amorous feelings. "Du Mu casually replied," Fortunately, I can check myself at any time so as not to make you worry about me. " Cow monk Confucianism smiled and asked the little boy to take a small bookcase and open it in front of Du Mu. There were dozens of secret reports written by plainclothes soldiers who followed Du Mu. It is written that Du Mu ate at a certain house one night, ate at a certain house one night, was safe and sound, and so on. Mutu was ashamed and thanked the ox, monk and Confucianism with tears. After Niu Sangru's death, the epitaph was written by Du Mu, which was also a little thanks to Niu Sangru.
Third, after all, I failed to find a perfect beauty.
Although Du Mu was brilliant, he failed to make any achievements in his career all his life. Charming, but never found a completely desirable beauty. Therefore, it is always fascinating, so always look carefully. In the last years of Taihe, Du Mu resigned as a counselor and came to Jiangxi as an aide to inspect the history of Shen Chuanshi House. This seems to be the fate of a great scholar. I heard that Huzhou has beautiful scenery and beautiful women, so I went to Huzhou happily. Huzhou secretariat and Du Mu are very close to the introduction of Confucius. Knowing his mind, I accompanied him around and found all the famous geisha for Du Mu to choose from. But Du Mu read it again and again, and said with some regret, "Beauty is beauty! But it is not perfect enough. " He added: "I hope to hold a boat race by the river for all Huzhou people to watch. At that time, I will walk slowly in the crowd and look carefully, hoping to find someone I like. "
Huzhou secretariat held such a competition according to Du Mu's wishes. On that day, there were a lot of people on both sides of the strait, but Du Mu picked a day until the evening and didn't find a suitable one. The ship is about to dock. In the crowd, there is an old woman from the countryside, holding a girl, about ten years old. Du Mu looked at it for a long time and said excitedly, "This girl is really beautiful. The front is really empty! " I took my mother and daughter to the boat to talk. Both mother and daughter are afraid. Du Mu said, "I don't want to marry her right away. I just want to set a wedding date." The old woman said, "What should I do if I break my word in the future?" Du Mu said: "In less than ten years, I will definitely come here as a county magistrate. If you don't come for ten years, marry someone else as you want. " The girl's mother agreed. Du Mu gave a valuable dowry.
After parting, Du Mu has been thinking about Huzhou and this girl. But his official position is low and he can't ask to be transferred to Huzhou. Later, it was not his intention to become the secretariat of Huangzhou and Chizhou Harmonious States. After Zhou Yong, a good friend, became prime minister, Du Mu wrote three letters in succession, requesting to be the secretariat of Huzhou. In three years, Du Mu was forty-one years old and obtained the position of Huzhou secretariat. At this time, fourteen years have passed since the agreed time between mother and daughter. The girl has been married for three years and has given birth to three children. Du Mu called the girl's mother. The old lady came to see Du Mu with her grandson. Tu Mu asked, "You promised to marry your daughter to me before. Why did you break your word? " The old woman said, "It was agreed to be ten years. After ten years, you didn't come. This is the only marriage. " Mutu took out the contract, looked at it, thought about it and said, "What she said is very reasonable. If you force her, it will cause disaster. " He gave the old woman many gifts and let her go. For this sad thing, Du Mu wrote this poem:
It's late in spring, so that spring flowers wither, instead of complaining that flowers bloom too early. The wind is crimson, the green leaves are shaded and the branches are full of branches.