As for whether it is Zhang Fei, archaeologists have no conclusion. However, according to local legend, it was specially built by craftsmen in the Tang Dynasty to commemorate the "Five Tiger Generals" Zhang Fei who broke the Dangyang Bridge and shocked thousands of troops. The discovery of this stone statue forces people to re-examine the true face of Zhang Fei in history.
There are many records about Zhang Fei's bravery in history books. "Brave Zhang Fei" is recognized by all historians.
Mr. Chen Xianghua, director of the Romance Society of the Three Kingdoms in China, told reporters that Zhang Fei was a great warrior in history and was famous for his bravery, which is recognized by all historians. Chen Shou's "The History of the Three Kingdoms" records that he repelled thousands of Cao Cao's soldiers and horses in Changbanpo that year, which is indeed recorded in history. It also records the process of his capture and release of Yan Yan. In addition, there is the famous Cao Junzhang he defeated. Said he was "brilliant, not as good as Guan Yu."
Chen Shou's evaluation of him and Guan Yu is: Zhang Fei and Guan Yu are both heroes that can be compared with what a thousand people refer to, and they are both brave courtiers in the world. Guan Yu once killed the enemy in return for Cao Cao's great kindness, and Zhang Fei released Yan Yan with a righteous heart, which has the demeanor of a national scholar. Guan Yu is kind to soldiers, but arrogant to literati. Zhang Fei respects and cares for people with prestige and status, but he doesn't care about soldiers and people.
In Zhang Fei's account, Liu Bei warned Zhang Fei: "You executed too many people, often flogging the foot soldiers, but you still kept them around." This is a practice that leads to disaster. " Zhang Fei never repented. Therefore, when Liu Bei marched to Wu Dong, Zhang Fei originally planned to meet Liu Bei in Jiangzhou. Before he left, Zhang Da and Fan Qiang, generals under Zhang Fei's account, assassinated Zhang Fei and defected to Sun Quan.
Chen Xianghua said that the story about Zhang Fei flogging Du You was attached by a novelist. It was Liu Bei who really whipped Du You in Anxi County. When the Yuan and Ming novelists wrote the image of Zhang Fei, they basically classified him as the same character type as Li Kui jy in Water Margin, so they put Liu Bei's affairs on his head.
The appearance of Zhang Fei has always been a mystery. Zhang Fei's two daughters are both married to her late husband Liu Chan. They must be very beautiful.
Chen Xianghua said that the "Three Kingdoms" said that Liu Bei "has a big earlobe and shoulders, and his hands are over his knees"; Guan Yu is said to be "bearded". But Zhang Fei's appearance has never been written. Zhang Fei's "black-faced chirp" in novels and operas is entirely the artist's imagination.
In history, Zhang Fei was from Zhuo Jun (near Zhuozhou, Hebei Province) and was a fellow countryman with Liu Bei. They are only a few miles apart. It was in Zhuo Jun that Liu Bei set up a team to conquer the world. The relationship between Zhang Feijia and Liu Bei's father and son has always been very close. Zhang Fei's eldest son, Zhang Bao, died young, and his second son, Zhang Shao, became an official assistant. Later, he surrendered to Wei and was made a general. ?
Zhang Fei's wife is a younger sister (uncle's younger sister), but a neutron of Xia (neither the biggest nor the smallest). The ninth volume of the reflection, Xia Zhuan, quoted Wei Lue as saying that in the five years of Jian 'an, my sister was thirteen or fourteen years old. "You Qiao was collected in this county and lived by Zhang Fei. Fei knows his good daughter and takes him as his wife. " In the first year of Zhangwu, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor and took Zhang Fei's eldest daughter as the crown princess. After Liu Chan acceded to the throne, Zhang Fei's eldest daughter was named queen. 15 years later, Zhang Fei's eldest daughter died, and Liu Chan married Zhang Fei's second daughter, becoming a nobleman first and then a queen. In other words, Xia is actually the younger brother of Zhang Fei's father-in-law, but Zhang Fei's son-in-law.
After Xia was killed by Shu general Huang Zhong, Zhang Fei's wife asked him to be buried. Later, Sima Shi of Wei came to power, and Xia Houba fled to Shu for fear of persecution. Liu Chan saw him and explained to him, "Your father was killed between the lines, not by his ancestors." It means your father was killed, not my father himself. Liu Chan pointed to his son and said to Xia Houba, This is your nephew from Xiahou's family. After that, Xia Houba was knighted, and Liu Chan was very kind to him.
Chen Xianghua said that from the above analysis, Zhang Fei's two daughters seem to be very beautiful, because they are both married to her late husband Liu Chan. As for what they look like, there is no evidence. As for Zhang Fei's appearance, it is a mystery.
Historically, Zhang Fei was not only a military commander, but also a famous calligrapher. It is said that he could write poems and draw pictures.
Guan, vice president of Chongqing Three Kingdoms Cultural Research Association and a professor at Chongqing Normal University, believes that "Zhang Fei, who is recorded in the Collection of the Three Kingdoms, can draw and write poems, and his poems are well written, so he is not a pure military commander."
Chen Xianghua said that in the 1960s, Mr. Deng Tuo wrote an article "From Zhang Fei's Painting and Calligraphy", which mentioned Zhang Fei's painting and calligraphy.
Cao Xuequan, a historian of literature and history in Ming Dynasty, recorded in Volume 28 of Notes on Places of Interest in Shu that there was a Baqiu in Fuqu County, Shunqing, with a stone at the foot of the mountain. The inscription said: "Han will lead ten thousand people to break the thief's head in eight, and immediately take the stone." Quxian County is Qu Yan County, and there are eight mountains in the northeast of the county.
In the Qing Dynasty, Zhao Yiqing wrote a supplementary explanation about Zhang Feichuan in Notes on the Manuscripts of the Three Kingdoms, which was quoted from Yu Fang's Minutes: At the foot of Bashan Mountain, there was a happy cloud: Zhang Fei was led to death by the Han Dynasty, and the thief was the first to break the stone. The cover of Zhang Fei's book. "
The explanation of Zhang Fei's biography in Notes on the Three Kingdoms also thinks that this sentence was written by Zhang Fei himself. Moreover, the original stone carvings are not clear after weathering and denudation. In the Qing dynasty, people carved it on the stone wall of Bashan according to rubbings, and calligraphy was an official script.
196 1 year, "Resumes and Anecdotes of Famous Calligraphers" written by Liu Puqing and published by Beijing Publishing House said: "China calligraphers are not limited to literati, but have many military commanders, such as Zhang Fei and Yue Fei, especially those who are both civil and military, such as Yan Zhenqing and Fan Zhongyan." ?
All these materials can prove that Zhang Fei can not only write, but also write well. In addition, Zhao Yiqing's Notes on the History of the Three Kingdoms and Zhang Fei's Notes on Yu Fang Minutes in the Qing Dynasty said that Zhang Fei was said to have stationed troops in Zhangtun Lake in the west of Shishou County, Jingzhou. At that time, Zhang Fei had just been named as the new Hou Ting, and he ordered a blacksmith to forge a knife for him with the ore of Red Zhu Shan.
The title reads: "The new pavilion will be a general of Shu." Later, Fan Qiang killed Zhang Fei and took the knife to the State of Wu. Scholar Lu Bi said: "It is said that Zhang's sword inscription should be signed by Han Jiang, but he can't say Shu Jiang. It can be proved that Bashan Xerox wrote Hanjiang. "