Original text:
Mohji Ji
Song Dynasty: Ceng Gong
To the east of Linchuan, the land is hidden and high, so Linxi is a new city. Above the new city, there are pools and depressions, but the sides are long, such as Mo Chi by Wang Xizhi and Linchuan Ji by Xun Bozi. The taste of Xihe River longs for Zhang Zhi, studying in Linchi, and the water in the pool is all black. This is an ancient relic. Do you believe in evil?
Fang Xi can't be an official, but taste the extreme east and go out to sea to entertain the meaning between mountains and rivers; Is he wandering around wantonly, but trying to get a rest from this evil? The book of Xi is good at night. If it can, it will cover itself with energy, which is unnatural. Then people who can't reach in the world are not as good as evil people. Then can you learn less? Those who want to be more moral are evil.
Above Mo Chi, it is now a public school. Professor Wang Junsheng was afraid that it was not a chapter, and the book revealed the words "Wang Jin has an army in Mo Chi". He also told Gong Yue, "I wish I had a note". Pushing Wang Jun's heart, although the lover can be abolished, is it good because of his evil deeds? It also wants to push things to encourage its scholars? What a pity that my wife's ability makes future generations still like this, and the legacy of kind Shi Zhuang will remain in the afterlife!
Li Qing on September 12th, eight years, Ceng Gong was recorded.
Analysis:
It is called "Mo Chi Ji", but the focus is not on "ambition", but on the fact that achievement is not innate, and it depends on hard work to motivate scholars to study hard. The article takes the theory as the key link, notes as the purpose, notes and discussions are intertwined, the outline is concise, the writing is novel and unique, and the viewpoint is accurate. This is indeed a rare masterpiece.
This article is a paper, but before discussing it, it is necessary to record the materials related to Mo Chi. Otherwise, there will be no additional content in the discussion, which will appear floating and empty. If you remember it in detail, you will usurp the role of the host and drown out the topic. Therefore, the author uses the method of combining notes with discussion to record details briefly to highlight the theme of the article. At the beginning, I put pen to paper in order to save risks. According to what Xun Bozi said in Linchuan Ji, his geographical position, environment and appearance were almost alive:
"To the east of Linchuan, the land is hidden and high, so it is called a new city near the stream. Above the new city, there are pools and depressions, but the sides are long. " At the same time, according to Wang Xizhi's admiration for Zhang Zhi, the legend that "the pond is full of books and the water is black" points out the origin of Mo Chi's name. In fact, there are other legends about Mo Chi besides those described in Linchuan Ji. Because the purpose of this article is to make sense, not to remember the pool, it is omitted. The simplicity of language can be described as cherishing ink as gold. I don't want to say anything about Motta's account, but I have paved a path for discussion. Then the article is engaged in tracing back Wang Xizhi's life experience of retiring from officialdom. According to the Book of Jin, Wang Shu was as famous as he was when he was young, but he was very light. When the appointment was to review the internal history, it was described as Yang Chuan's secretariat, and Hezhi became his subordinate. Later, Wang Shu, the magistrate of Huiji County, was ashamed, so he said that he was sick and left his job, and swore at his parents' grave that he would never come out as an official again. For this experience of Wang Xizhi, the author simply explained it with a sentence "Fang Xizhi can't be a strong official", and then traced the whereabouts of Wang Xizhi's wandering and indulging in mountains and rivers at will: "Taste the East Pole, and go out to sea to entertain the interests between mountains and rivers. Is it possible to wander around and indulge in this evil? " This paragraph is also very important. It highlights Wang Xizhi's thought of pride, integrity, dust-free and refined, which is the ideological basis and good spiritual temperament of Wang Xizhi's calligraphy learning. Structurally speaking, the sentence "Taste this evil again" proves that Wang Xizhi used the book of setting questions in Linchuan, which was linked with Mo Chi, a scholar of literature, and provided a basis for the following discussion. Subsequently, on the basis of the record, the article turned to the discussion: "The Book of Xi is good at night. If it can, it is unnatural to cover yourself with energy." Yu He's "On the Desk" said: "The book of Xi is strange from beginning to end and incomparable. In its last few years, it was the ultimate. Try ten cursive scripts. They are too bright to show their wings. Wing gasp in admiration, because the book Xi says,' I once had ten Zhang Boying cursive scripts, but I lost them when crossing the river, and they often lost their wonderful traces forever. Suddenly, I saw the first step to write back to my brother. I was radiant, and I was still old-fashioned. This shows that Wang Xizhi kept pace with Zhang Zhi, a "sage of grass" in his later years, and that the statement that Xi was written late is based on facts and convincing. So, what is the fundamental reason for Xi Zhi's good calligraphy? That is the result of concentration, hard study and hard practice, not born. At this point, the reason lies in lack of diligence, which further illustrates the importance of studying hard. Finally, the moral cultivation of feudal literati is extended along the meaning, and it is pointed out that "in-depth study of morality" and hard study are also essential. In this way, positive arguments, negative arguments and following the meaning reveal the theme of the article layer by layer. However, the author's exploration of the topic did not stop there. After briefly describing the course of Wang Sheng, a professor of Chinese studies, the article turns to the discussion: "Pushing Wang Jun's heart and loving others' kindness, though not abolished, is it really because of his evil deeds?" "Does he also want to push and encourage him to learn?" Although this is a guess of Wang Jun's intention, it is actually the author's good intention to take notes. Then, with material extension, further discussion: "My wife's ability makes future generations still do this, and the legacy of a kind Shi Zhuang is not so good for the afterlife." From Wang Xizhi's excellent calligraphy, the author extended it to the education and virtue of "benevolent scholars", encouraging people not only to have "one skill", but also to study the moral cultivation of feudal literati, thus deepening the meaning of the text. Ceng Gong is an "orthodox" ancient prose writer. His articles have a strong color of defending morality, and also clearly reveal his traditional thought of defending morality.