Couplets, also called couplets, commonly known as couplets, are a unique Chinese language, literature and art form in China, and are deeply loved by people from all walks of life. To sum up, the joint law is six elements, also called "six phases", which are described as follows:
First, the number of words should be equal. The number of words online equals the number of words offline. The number of words in each clause of the long couplet is equal. There is a special case that the number of words in the upper and lower couplets is intentionally different. For example, during the Republic of China, some people ridiculed Yuan Shikai's couplets: "Yuan Shikai is eternal; Long live the people of China. " The words "Yuan Shikai" and "China people" are linked together, which shows that Yuan Shikai is sorry for the people of China.
Overlapping or overlapping words are allowed in sentences. Folding in half and overlapping words are commonly used rhetorical devices in couplets, but attention should be paid to the consistency of the upper and lower couplets when overlapping. For example, in the Ming Dynasty, Gu Xiancheng titled "Wuxi Donglin Academy Union:
The sound of wind and rain reading is in the ear;
Family affairs, state affairs and everything in the world care about everything. ：
However, we should try to avoid "homophony" and "homophony" in couplets. The so-called homonym means that the same word is opposite in the same position of the upper and lower parts. The so-called ectopic reduplication refers to the fact that the same word appears in different positions in the upper and lower links. But some function words are allowed to have homonyms, such as Gelinglian of West Lake in Hangzhou:
The song of peach blossom and flowing water;
Between the shade and the grass.
The word "Zhi" in the upper and lower couplets is repeated in the same place, but it is OK because it is empty word. However, there is a special form of "ectopic mutual weight" (called "transposition case"), such as Lin Sen's couplet with Dr. Sun Yat-sen:
A person is eternal;
One person through the ages.
Second, equivalence of parts of speech. There are two types of parts of speech in modern Chinese, namely, notional words and function words. The former includes nouns (including locative words), verbs, adjectives (including color words), numerals, quantifiers and pronouns. The latter includes adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliary words, exclamations and onomatopoeias. Part of speech equivalence means that words or phrases with the same position in the upper and lower parts should have the same or similar parts of speech. The first is the rule of "real to real, virtual to virtual", which is the most basic rule and has the widest meaning. In some cases, just follow this. Secondly, the corresponding rules of parts of speech, that is, the words 12 above correspond to each other. This rule should be observed in most cases. Thirdly, the semantic correspondence rule refers to putting things of the same type represented by Chinese characters together for confrontation. The ancients noticed this rhetorical method long ago. In particular, nouns are divided into many subcategories, such as astronomy (sun, moon, wind, rain, etc. ), season (day and night, etc. ), geography (mountains and rivers, etc. ), government offices (towers, doors, etc. ), vegetation (trees, peaches, plums, etc. ), birds (chickens, birds, cranes, etc. ) and so on. Finally, the corresponding rules of adjacent categories, that is, words in adjacent categories can be paired with each other. For example, astronomy returns to the season, astronomy to geography, geography to the palace and so on.
Third, the structure is commensurate. The so-called structural symmetry means that the grammatical structure of the upper and lower conjunctions (or the structure of their phrases and sentence patterns) should be as same as possible, that is, the subject-predicate structure is opposite to the subject-predicate structure, the verb-object structure is opposite to the verb-object structure, the partial structure is opposite to the partial structure, and the coordinate structure is opposite to the coordinate structure, and so on. For example, Li Bai's topic is Hunan Yueyang Loulian:
Water and the sky are one color;
The wind and the moon are boundless.
This conjunction is both a subject-predicate structure. Among them, "water sky" and "romantic moon" are both parallel structures, and "one color" and "boundless" are all positive structures.
However, in the case of equivalent parts of speech, the requirements for some similar or special sentence structures can be relaxed appropriately.
Fourth, the rhythm corresponds. That is, the places where the up and down links stop must be consistent. : such as:
Don't let the spring and autumn pass;
It's the hardest for an old friend to come once.
This is a seven-character short couplet, and the rhythm of the upper and lower couplets is exactly the same, both of which are "223". Longer couplets must have corresponding rhythm.
The fifth is uniformity and harmony. What is leveling? The classification of flat tones in Putonghua is, in short, flat tones and upper tones, flat tones and flat tones. In the ancient four tones, the flat sound is flat, and the rising, going and entering sounds are silent. Even peace and harmony include two aspects:
(1) The upper and lower links are opposite. Generally speaking, word alignment is not required, but attention should be paid to the alignment of the upper and lower tails (feet), the upper part is different and the lower part is flat; The words at the end of the sentence or at the rhythm point should be flat and opposite; The ending (foot) of each clause in a long couplet should be flat, right.
(2) The upper and lower couplets alternate in the sentence. Yu Dequan, a contemporary couplet writer, summed up a set of "horseshoe rhyme" rules. Simply put, it is "flat, steady and steady", and the rhythm like a horseshoe goes on, such as:
......& gt& gt
What is the correct word for what?
Qing Liyu
curl up
Yidong yiyi
The sky is to the ground, the rain is to the wind, and the mainland is to the sky.
Mountain flowers are to sea trees, and the sun is to the sky.
Thunder is faint, fog is falling, and the sun is falling into the sky.
The wind is high, the moon is white and the rain is red.
Cattle and women go around the galaxy, and businessmen fight west and east.
10, the frontier fortress is as silent as frost.
On the three rivers, the snow is long and the fisherman is cold.
Yidong erqi
Jiang to Hanqing to Hong Yubo to Leigong
Smoke House to Snow Cave, Moon Palace to Tiangong
Clouds and clouds, the sun and wax are opposite to the fishing awning.
Like an arrow crossing the stars, like a bow spitting out the moon.
When the inn guest meets the plum rain, the Chiting people enjoy the lotus flowers.
In front of Maodian Village, Hao Yue fell into the forest, and chickens sang rhymes.
Banqiao road green frost locks the horse down.
One east seven three
Mountain to Haihua to Song and April to Sangong.
Palace flowers against forbidden willows, geese against dragon generals
Qing Shu Dian, Guanghan Palace, picking up vegetables and piling up red flowers.
Zhuang Zhoumeng Butterfly, Zhao Feixiong
The wind stopped in the north, the summer fan stopped, and the sun shone on the south eaves, saving the winter sun.
The Jade Emperor, the head of the Crane Dance Building, dismembered the Red Moon.
The purple flute on Fengxiang stage blows away the beauty wind
Erdong yiyi
Morning to afternoon, summer to winter, salary to high salary.
Youth is a day, Cooper is a pine tree.
Fishermen, hoes, cranes against dragons
The ball of rockhopper is sparkling, and its thorns are exquisite.
Three yuan is only a thousand hectares, and one product is worth ten thousand.
Calyx Building Jian Li Xian packing hanging pot brand
Jiao Yang beside the Aquilaria Pavilion is good at muddling the border breeze.
Uh, Dong Er.
Clear to thin to thick, evening drum to morning bell
Camellia to chrysanthemum smoke lock to cloud seal
Golden lotus, jade hibiscus and violet set off the breeze
There is soup in the morning, wine in the evening and wine in the morning.
Money can become a butterfly, and Yanjin can become Jackie Chan.
Wuxia Langchuan Yuyun Absurd Goddess Temple
Dai Zong looked at his children and grandchildren and listed the peaks of Zhang Ren.
Erdongqi powder
Jane is lazy in complexity, heavy in meaning and unintentional.
Xian Weng's Interpretation of Taoism and Confucianism
Butterflies with burning flowers and velvet grass are angry with bees.
Counting the bamboo of a gentleman is the pine of a doctor.
The destruction of Huang Gao depends on the commitment of Third Sister and Jade Emperor to four murderers.
The beauty of the inner garden is full of worries about spring scenery.
It's a pity that people crossing the border.
Qiyi Sanjiang
Odd binary is only for the Yangtze River with two seas.
A golden plate turns into a jade lamp, and a treasure candle into a silver jar.
The red paint sill contrasts with the blue screen window.
Xing Han pushed Ma Wu and remonstrated Zhu Xia's dragon body.
Four countries fell, three high cities fell, and there were many enemies.
Ji Qin Nong Yu, a unique fairy across the Phoenix stage
Kill the snake as a hero, Han Emperor Liu Bang.
Sanjiang erqi
Face to face is like face to face, dragon to face.
Don't put your goals aside, be lazy and fall into your heart.
The lights are bright and the moon is flying.
Liu Dichi steed, Wei Yuan village ditch in China.
Pay a little, sweet cheeks dust than Yu Lian.
Poems about Feng Dan and Korea, Saving Water in Deep Cups.
Tears play on the bamboo and fly along to regret the Xiangjiang River.
Yi Zhi of Silk
Spring blows bamboo to Shi Gan and plays silk to the branches.
Mountain pavilion vs waterside parrot vs cormorant.
Five-color pens and ten-fragrant characters splash ink on each other.
Magical Han Gan paintings, vigorous Li Ling poems.
Several flower streets have won new prizes, and some people are dizzy.
Wan Li Lighthouse Soldiers Fight for Safety.
It rained cats and dogs in the village when the farmer went out of the city.
Four branches and a second one
Draw a poem.
To swordsman and pianist Zhu Lu.
Selling wine price, buying mountains, capital, national beauty and fragrance, fairy posture
The sunset glow is as bright as brocade, and the spring rain is as thin as silk.
There are thousands of trees in long beach where willows are crumbling, and there are two or three branches in Huayongye Temple.
Zigai Huang Qi astronomical phenomena occupy the left side of the river.
Nursery rhymes, blue robes and white horses should eventually be Shouyang.
Four branches and a third.
Praise, praise, shine on silk.
Lightweight pair of long-sleeved Cao Rui pair of Ganoderma lucidum
Diarrhea, heartbroken poems, megaphone to the waist
Bears and tigers in the clouds and phoenixes in the sky.
Jade Temple hangs orange pomelo for a thousand years, and Yao Bu covers Mao Zi for three feet.
Bamboo hawksbill cage with cigarettes at the waist.
Begonia's face was wet with tears after the rain.
Sqizhisi
Fight for rights, let's look at rights, think about pueraria lobata and gardenia.
The fairy wind is the right way, and the bones are set for people.
Zhuan Xu and Braun's Meridian and Meridian Pair of Vertebra.
Respect people and property owners, and attach importance to emperors and teachers.
Looking forward to it, you may wish to travel far, your heart is busy, but your horse is late.
Guanlin pig basin
Notes on Xu Changgu's Negative Words after Lou Yu was written.
Five micro-ones
On the Sage's Being a Sage, Unconscious Right and Referential Right
Fish Book to Wild Goose Grass House to Chai Fei
Chickens sing, pheasants fly, red and thin, green and fat.
Till, raising my cup, I asked the bright moon drinks and rides home.
Huang Gai can become a red cliff, and Chen Pingshan can solve problems and climb risks.
The waterfall spring of Taibai Bookstore falls 3000 feet.
Kongming Temple is surrounded by towering cypresses.
Five microseconds
Pairs, pairs, pairs.
Yantan vs shaoju vs Yiwei
Zhan Hung-chien and Cai Feng flying tigers and dragon flags.
Luo Jinxiu's heart was full of pride, and she spit pearls in her mouth.
Broad-minded and magnanimous, arrogant and stupid.
Destroy things, and let the cunning rabbit Liu die of exhaustion.
Emma Wu refused to return to Wolong's brave village in Wei.
Five micro, the third
Decline is for prosperity, for rarity, and clothing is for clothing.
Phoenix Window to Yanta Autumn List to Spring Wei Dynasty
Wu Yixiang and Yanziji reunited after a long separation.
Tian Zi is really a gentle and graceful lady, and Shengde is really talented.
Pan ... >>
What do you mean a pair?
Couplets, commonly known as couplets, are generally written, and couplets are spoken, which also has a certain relationship with the region
What do you mean by pairing?
Couplets, also called couplets, are divided into upper couplets and lower couplets. Generally speaking, it is pointed out that the upper couplet allows you to pair the lower couplet, and the lower couplet must be close to the upper couplet, which is a noun, verb, numeral and so on. , and the bottom line must also be, usually become a antithesis.
What it means to be a couple,
Couplets, also known as couplets, are an art form with national characteristics that China people love and love, and are the perfect combination of language art, calligraphy art and decorative art. ..
Hope to adopt
What is a Go pair?
Are you talking about the ancient diagonal star layout?
Almost every chess game in ancient times started like this.
Compared with the layout of "three consecutive stars", "diagonal stars" are more likely to form a fierce battle, so this layout is more difficult to master, and modern players rarely store it.
What are a pair of hearts?
Heart is a noun on the human body, and its voice is dull. Even positions such as 246 can be corrected by body characters, and singular positions are not examined. ...
What is this deck of playing cards?
The matching of playing cards refers to two cards with the same number of points.
As shown in the figure:
There are 54 cards in a deck of playing cards, of which 52 are original cards and the other 2 are secondary cards (King and Xiao Wang). 52 cards are divided into a group of 13, and each group is represented by four colors of spades, hearts, clubs and diamonds. Each group of cards includes 1- 10( 1 usually denoted as A) and 13 cards marked with J, Q and K, and there are thousands of games.
What is the next pair of firecrackers laughing at?
Firecrackers are everywhere, and the spring breeze sends Tu Su.
Firecrackers spread laughter and peach symbols to welcome the New Year.
O(∩_∩)O~
Which pair of friends are there?
Is it not delightful to have friends coming from distant quarters?