Thousands of Houma's alliance letters, the complete and systematic contents of the alliance, are very rare in our country's historical documents. These precious historical relics, such as the Houma League, provide important information for us to study the politics, economy, culture, military and other aspects of the transformation process from slave society to feudal society in the late Spring and Autumn Period, and from the dictatorship of slave owners to the dictatorship of the landlord class. physical information.
The Houma area where the "Alliance Letter" was unearthed was located at the intersection of the Fenhui River and the "Xintian" capital of the late Jin Dynasty. The "Book of Houma League" is the product of the Jin Dynasty's move of its capital to Xintian. The discovery of these precious historical relics, such as the Houma League, proves that the Houma area today is where the "Shanggong" ancestral temple of the "Capital of Jin" is located. The emergence of the term "Dinggong" further proves that the Houma Jin site is located in the late Jin Dynasty. There is a close relationship with the capital "Xintian", which provides reliable written evidence to confirm that the ancient "Xintian" is today's Houma.
There are more than 5,000 alliance letters unearthed in Houma, 653 of which can be read, and the total number of words is about 3,000. Excluding repetitions, there are nearly 500 single words. This batch of precious cultural relics provides reliable data for the study of Eastern Zhou characters. It is undoubtedly also a batch of valuable physical data for the study of the history of Chinese calligraphy art.
The Houma League is the official document of the Jin State in the late Spring and Autumn Period of my country. The text of the alliance is an oath of alliance written on stone and jade pieces with a vermilion or ink brush. This batch of texts is the authentic handwriting of ancient people with complete chapters written with a brush among the ancient texts discovered in my country.
The style of Zhu’s Houma League Shumeng Ci text is similar to the bronze “Luan Shu Fou” and “Jin Gong”, and its writing style is also similar to that of the Chu silk scripts of the Warring States Period and the Xinyang bamboo slips. However, it has a slightly vigorous style.
The characters in the Houma League calligraphy are very skillful, some are delicate, some are free and easy. They are all written by the "Cu Zhu" people, not the penmanship of one person. Some of the handwriting is as small as 0.2 centimeters, but the strokes are still very clear. It can be seen that the writing must be written with a soft and elastic brush. This is undoubtedly.
The calligraphy art of Houma Meng Shu is unique and unique. The writing era of alliance books is later than that of oracle bone inscriptions, and is roughly the same as the era of bronze inscriptions. According to archaeological research, the calligraphy of Houma League scripts is different from oracle bone inscriptions and bronze inscriptions. Oracle bone inscriptions are the earliest mature characters in my country that can record language. They are characters engraved on oracle bones such as "tortoise shells, ox blades, and deer skulls." Some are written in earthy red and then engraved, and some are directly engraved. It can be divided into early stage and late stage. In the early stage, the text lines are stiff and rough, while in the later stage, the text lines become more and more beautiful. However, the strokes of oracle bone writing mostly express "deliberate" and there are few "intentions" of writing. Bronze inscriptions can be divided into "Shang Dynasty, Western Zhou Dynasty, Spring and Autumn Period, and Warring States Period", but the bronze inscriptions are all cast inscriptions and lack the charm of writing.
Hou Ma Meng's Dictionary is an authentic calligraphy handwritten by Jin people using a brush. It is a collection of calligraphy treasures that most directly and truly reflects the writing art of the ancients in the Spring and Autumn Period. The characters in the alliance calligraphy are quaint in shape, smooth in writing, and the calligraphy style is naturally its characteristic. Since the words and phrases of the alliance letter were written by multiple people, the font styles are either thick and dignified, while others are elegant and free. The Ciwen of League Book strongly demonstrates the elastic rhythm unique to the soft brush in the writing. The strokes are light and heavy, and have a free and elegant style without losing the simplicity and elegance. The complex changes are another feature of the writing. It reflects that the alliance script was written before the unification of the Qin Dynasty and belonged to the seal script system.
The writing style of Houma League's script is characterized by its sharp strokes. That is to say, the strokes of the writing in Houma Meng calligraphy are clearly exposed, which is different from the diagonal strokes to the left and right. There is often a natural backstroke of the strokes, which is formed quickly and naturally by skilled brush handwriting. This method of writing is very common in alliance books, reflecting the style of writing in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.
The Houma League is a red script written on stones and jade pieces. In ancient my country, there was a saying of killing animals to obtain blood and writing oaths with blood. The text of the Houma League is written with red mineral pigment. This is the continuation and improvement of the custom of blood letter alliance letters, which not only maintains the connotation of the alliance letter, but also highlights the characteristics of northern culture.
The Houma League Dictionary and Calligraphy is an exquisite work of art created by ancient ancestors. It is an inevitable product of the development of Jin culture to a certain stage, and it is also a unique work in ancient Chinese calligraphy art.
This batch of information has all been included in the book "Book of Houma League" and is available for review and research.
China News Service, April 29 (Liu Shibin, Qin Mingzhong) Reporters learned on the morning of the 29th that the 6th "Shanxi Houma·Ancient Capital of the Jin Dynasty" hosted by the Propaganda Department of the Shanxi Provincial Party Committee, Linfen Municipal Party Committee, and Municipal Government "Cultural Festival" will open on May 26.
The theme of this cultural festival is: "Inheritance, Cooperation, Development", and the activities are exciting: Tan Jing, Cai Guoqing, Tu Honggang and other famous singers performed at the opening ceremony. The organizers will hold the "Symposium on the Development of the Ancient Capital of Jin State and Regional Central Cities", the Qin-Jin-Henan Yellow River Golden Triangle Antiques Fair, "The First Tour Exhibition of Calligraphy and Painting of Pei's Descendants", "Calligraphy Exhibition of Seven Counties and Cities in Southern Shanxi", Peng Zhen Activities such as the inauguration ceremony of the bronze statue.
Houma, Shanxi, known as "Xintian" in ancient times, was the capital of the late Jin Dynasty during the Spring and Autumn Period more than 2,500 years ago. According to "Zuo Zhuan" records, in 585 BC, Duke Jinggong of Jin moved his capital to Xintian because "the soil was thick and the water was deep, and it was not easy to live there", and he passed on the throne for 13 generations, which lasted 209 years. The origin of the Jin State is the origin of the abbreviation of Shanxi Province as "Jin". In Xintian, the three families of Han, Zhao and Wei were divided into Jin, which ended the history of Jin and opened the prelude to the seven heroes of the Warring States Period competing for power in China.
The long history of Jin has left Houma with rich cultural resources. "Houma Jin State Site" was listed as one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council in 1961. The "Houma League Book", "Jinhou Ding", "Kongshou Cloth Coins" and other Jin Dynasty unearthed here are of great archaeological value. The Chinese cultural relics are rare in the world. Among them, the "Book of Houma League" shocked the historical circles at home and abroad. In 1995, it was rated as one of the top ten archaeological discoveries in the country since the founding of the People's Republic of China. The splendid ancient capital culture of the Jin Dynasty has become one of the birthplaces of the Three Jin Cultures and even the Chinese culture. In recent years, the Houma Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government have made great efforts to create a green Houma, a humanistic Houma, a harmonious Houma, a wealthy Houma, and a livable Houma, striving to make Houma a regional economic core area, an urban-rural coordination demonstration area, and a harmonious society. Sample area. Houma has won the title of "National Sanitary City" eight times in a row, won the "National Double Support Model City" five times in a row, and has been rated as a "National City with Beautiful Environment", "National Ecological Demonstration Zone", "National Garden City", "National Advanced City in Cultural Work", "National Logistics Town", "Top 100 Small and Medium-sized Cities with the Most Investment Potential in the Country", "Top Ten Cities in Shanxi Province for Building a Well-off Society", "Civilized City in Shanxi Province", "Civilized and Harmonious City in Shanxi Province" and other honorary titles.
Since 2003, with the active advocacy and support of the Shanxi Provincial Party Committee Propaganda Department, Houma City has successfully held five cultural festivals and successively built the "Jin Ancient Capital Museum" and "Xintian Cultural Plaza" "," Temple Relics Park", "Bronze Casting Site Park", "Jin Baoding Park" and other four squares and parks with Jin culture as the main body. Mass cultural activities such as summer culture in the square, rural culture, corporate culture, community culture, and campus culture are flourishing. Excellent folk art types such as Lian Zhenhua's shadow puppet atlas, Zhao Cuilian's shadow puppet carving, antique bronze casting, Baidian Yangko, Qiaocun unicorn dance, and butterfly cup making have been excavated and developed, and have been selected as national and provincial intangible cultural heritages respectively. And gradually embarked on the road of large-scale and industrialization, playing a demonstration and leading role in the cultural development of the province.