How to evaluate the historical eunuch Zhao Gao?

Zhao Gao's life story has been little known and misinterpreted for two thousand years. After the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhao Gao was demoted as a eunuch, and his family was also demoted as a eunuch. This false prejudice continues to this day. Zhao is the surname of Zhao royal family, and Zhao Gao's paternal line is the rare surname of Zhao royal family. During the Warring States Period, Lian Heng ruled the country, and countries formed alliances and exchanged contracts, taking the prince as a hostage. Most of these sons who were taken hostage were unloved estrangements among the monarch's many children. After being taken hostage, they often stay in foreign countries for a long time. Many people are poor all their lives and never come back until they die. Zhao Gao's ancestor, who was a proton from Zhao to Qin, didn't find favor in Zhao, didn't get help in Qin, and was not proud to stay in Qin. Later, he married and had children in Qin, and his descendants lived in Xianyang, becoming Qin people and ordinary people. Zhao Gao has several brothers, all of whom are hidden officials. Only his younger brother Zhao Cheng left his name in history. Zhao Cheng later succeeded Zhao Gao as the doctor of Qin, and participated in the coup of Wang Yigong who murdered Qin Ershi. He was also a character. Hidden officials are workshops set up by the government in obscure places to place convicted criminals. Zhao Gao's mother was punished because of her guilt. After being punished, she was physically disabled, inconvenient to see people, and unwilling to be seen. After being pardoned, she has been living a secluded official life. In the Qin dynasty, the identity of people who lived and worked as hidden officials was also called hidden officials. In today's words, they are equivalent to people released from prison. Their status is lower than ordinary people, and they can only occupy half of the land and houses of ordinary people. The imperial law pays attention to justice. Although a hidden official has a low status, his marriage is not restricted and his children are just like ordinary people. Zhao Gao's father, probably a junior grammarian working in a hidden official, is familiar with the law and good at calligraphy. When he was a hermit, he met Zhao Gao's mother, formed a family, and gave birth to the Zhao Gao brothers. Qin is a country concerned about the world. Following in the father's footsteps and taking officials as teachers has become the national policy of the empire. As an adult, Zhao Gao can embark on the road of grammar and become a first-class calligrapher and jurist, which is closely related to his father's occupation and influence.

Zhao Gao was born in the late Qin and Zhao Haoqi dynasties, about forty-nine years (258 BC), Xianyang, Qin Dou. At that time, the battle of Changping between Qin and Zhao was entering the late stage, and Handan, the capital of Zhao, was besieged by Qin Jun. The year before last, Qin Shihuang was born in Handan. At this time, he and his mother were trapped in the city and lived in fear all day. It's interesting to think of it. Qin Shihuang and Zhao Gao are basically the same age, and they both played a role in communication and destruction in history. Qin Shihuang's father is the royal family of Qin State. He became a pledge from Qin to Zhao and married Zhao. Qin Shihuang was born in Handan, the capital of Zhao, and he later destroyed Zhao. Zhao Gao's ancestor was the Zhao royal family, who entered Qin and married Qin people. Zhao Gao was born in Xianyang, Qin Dou, and he later destroyed Qin. Another contemporary, Liu Bang, was born in Pei County, Chu two years later. Forty years later, he joined hands with Zhao Gao to destroy the Qin Dynasty, and soon inherited the legacy of Qin Shihuang, and established the Han Dynasty on the basis of it. As for another important figure related to the rise and fall of the Qin empire, Li Si is now an adult, about twenty years old, and is working as a county magistrate in Chu. These people who will promote history have not collided yet, and they are all silently waiting for the choice of history.

Since Shang Yang's political reform, the State of Qin has trained ZhanLiGuo to rule the country by law. Soldiers are most admired by the society, and officials are most respected by the people. The way a man was born in the state of Qin is to join the army and be an official. When a man reached the age of seventeen, Fu Ji began to bear the taxes of the state's corvee, or enlisted in the army, or made meritorious deeds by killing the enemy, or entered the school room to study, and passed the examination to become an official. The study room is a government-run school that specializes in training grammar officials, which is set up in the capital and local counties. Most students are selected from the children of grammar officials. They entered school at the age of seventeen and studied for three years, mainly studying literacy, calligraphy and law. After studying for three years, you can take the qualification examination in your study room. Only those who can recite more than 5000 words are qualified. In addition to teaching history, you can also be a clerk in grammar affairs, that is, a clerk. In addition to history, you can also take the primary examination hosted by the central government. Primary examinations were held in various places, and the examination papers of each county were sent to Xianyang, the capital, for review and evaluation by the great history under Shaofu. As a result of the judgment, the person with the best promotion and the heaviest punishment was appointed as the county magistrate, equivalent to the secretary, and worked directly under the county magistrate. The person with the worst performance will be cancelled. Three years later, an advanced selection examination was conducted for officials appointed as historians. After strict examination and examination, the best people were selected and entered the court as officials who died in history. As a minister of the imperial palace, he worked directly beside the king of Qin.

Because his father is a grammarian and strict with his children, the Zhao Gao brothers probably studied reading, writing and law under their father's supervision from an early age, laying a solid grammar foundation. Zhao Gao grew up smart, agile, studious, persistent and resilient. His grammar career is probably smooth sailing. At the age of seventeen, he entered the study room as a judge's child with excellent grades. Three years later, he passed the qualification examination and was awarded history. Then he passed the primary examination, and the best one was appointed as a judge of history. Three years later, he took the advanced selection exam and won the first place again. He entered the court of the king of Qin as Deadpool, a senior minister, and worked directly as a secretary beside the king of Qin. Among thousands of grammar officials in Qin State, Zhao Gao is an outstanding one. After Zhao Gao entered the DPRK, his ability and behavior began to directly enter the vision of the King of Qin, the future Qin Shihuang.

When Zhao Gao entered the DPRK, he was about 23 years old, probably in the 12th year of the Qin Dynasty (the first 235 years). This year, the king of Qin was twenty-four years old when he seized power. In the fifth year after taking office, he began to make great achievements in politics. Qin's bureaucratic system is tight and complete, and the promotion of judges of civil service is mainly based on routine assessment, which is progressive over the years. Zhao Gao is lucky. He was directly appreciated by Ying Zheng, the king of Qin, in his official position in Qin Gong, and stood out from many ministers who died in Shaofu, and was appointed as the decree of Zhongche. The Order of CRRC is subordinate to Tai Fu, who is one of the nine ministers in the main provinces of the empire, and is in charge of the transportation of the empire, equivalent to the Minister of Transportation. His subordinates have orders from various Che Fu offices and Ma Yuan. Like all kinds of Che Fu Ling, the rank of Che Fu Ling is 600 stone, and there is an adjutant Che Fu Cheng, whose rank is 300 stone, and there are about dozens of subordinate officials. As far as official rank is concerned, CRRC government rank is only a middle-level official. However, because CRRC decree is a car decree in the forbidden palace, its status is equivalent to the emperor's attendants, responsible for managing the emperor's horses and chariots, and even driving for the emperor himself. The position is so important that he can't get it unless he has the absolute trust of the emperor.

Zhao Gao was appointed as the CRRC Palace Order, which was personally selected and appointed by Ying Zheng, King of Qin. Zhao Gao was appreciated by the king of Qin for winning the court affairs. In addition to his excellent performance in the exam, his personal ability and intelligence after entering Qin Gong are the main factors. Zhao Gao's calligraphy is first-class, and then in the huge Qin Empire, probably no one can beat him except Prime Minister Reese. Zhao Gao's accomplishments in primary schools in China are also extremely profound. He made a considerable contribution to the later Qin Dynasty's writing reform. He wrote six chapters, which is a part of the official literacy textbook of Qin dynasty and a famous philology book. Qin Empire is a pragmatic country ruled by law, with literate calligraphy, which is a tool to practice administrative documents, criminal law and prison law. Zhao Gao's exquisite calligraphy is only the preparation and result of his practice of criminal law and prison law. In the complicated and strict legal system of Qin Empire, Zhao Gao was a professional who was proficient in law and a famous jurist with family background. In his later years, Qin Shihuang entrusted the education of his youngest son, Hu Hai, with his exquisite writing, calligraphy and legal attainments.

The history books say that Zhao Gao is hardworking, resolute and resolute, which is an overview of his outstanding administrative ability, and of course it is also one of the elements that he was appreciated by the first emperor. However, Zhao Gao was promoted to CRRC by the King of Qin for practical reasons. As the attendants of the emperor, the order of the Central Vehicle Administration is the squad leader of the chariots and horses, which has extremely strict requirements on the management of the chariots and horses and the ability to defend the safety of the emperor. According to the laws of the Qin dynasty, the general driving of chariots and horses must go through at least four years of training. Four years later, the instructor was punished and fined. I worked hard for four years. Qualified drivers are required to be under 40 years old, above 7' 5 "in height, with vigorous steps, capable of running after horses, flexible skills, able to ride up and down, skilled in driving, able to move back and forth, strong and healthy, able to control the standard in the car, with high martial arts, able to draw eight stones to make great efforts, and draw a bow before and after galloping. The Chinese car service combines the essence of imperial cars in the Qin Dynasty, and their requirements are far above those of ordinary riders. In modern terms, everyone is a master of chariots and horses, and everyone is an ouchi warrior. The bronze chariots and horses unearthed from the mausoleum of the first emperor were cast in half proportion according to the reality of the first emperor's life. Their chariots are supported by crossbows and swords, and their beards are elegant, powerful and stable, which is the image of CRRC government officials. CRRC government decree is the first official of CRRC government, and it is the peak of the royal essence of Royal Automobile. As you can imagine, Zhao Gao, as an official of CRRC, is tall and strong, good at riding, archery and sword weapons, and has extraordinary martial arts. He is a rare talent in the court of the king of Qin. Promoting CRRC is of great significance to Zhao Gao's life. Its significance lies not only in the promotion of the position, but also in its involvement in the core and center of the Qin regime and its pivotal secrets, which can directly affect the world political situation if the time is right. When Zhao Gao was appointed as an official of CRRC, he was about 40 years old, in the prime of life, and had a bright future.

However, everyone is a pawn in the official career under the autocratic system, the officialdom under the hierarchical system and the officialdom under the monarch, not to mention the unexpected situation, and people are in danger. Just when the future was promising, Zhao Gao broke the law and went to prison for a big crime. Qin Shihuang ordered Meng Qian, the minister, to give it a try. As a result of the trial, Zhao Gao was sentenced to death, dismissed from his official position, deprived of his forbidden office and awaiting execution. Because it involves the closeness of the emperor, it matters a lot. Meng Yi didn't dare to hide it, so he wrote directly to the first emperor and asked for a decision on the case and the trial result. The first emperor could not bear to cherish his talent. Mindful that Zhao Gao has been agile and diligent for many years, and its talents are rare. He ordered Zhao Gao to be pardoned and reinstated. The ins and outs of this matter are not recorded in the history books. However, from the later history, this incident had a significant impact on Zhao Gao's life, the plot of sand dunes, the fate of Montessori family and even the demise of the Qin Empire!