There are many kinds of brushes. As far as raw materials and characteristics are concerned, it can be divided into three categories: soft brush, hard brush and double-sided brush. Soft hair is made from the hair of goats and wild antelope, collectively referred to as sheep hair, which is soft and round when writing. The raw materials of bristles are the hair on the tail of weasel and the hair of rabbit-purple hair and wolf hair. They are elastic, and the words written are sharp and powerful. Concurrent luxury is the proportion of soft and hard hair. For beginners, most of them use double brushes.
There are brushes of different sizes. The smallest pen is called ghost pen, followed by fine print, Chinese characters and big characters ... The largest pen weighs dozens of pounds, and the pen holder is thicker than the bowl. The writer seems to sweep the road with a big broom. So, how did such a complicated brush come from?
Types of writing brushes
The classification of brushes mainly depends on the size, as well as the type, source and shape of bristles.
Brushes can be simply divided into small letters, middle letters and capitals according to their sizes.
According to the types of bristles, they can be divided into soft hair, hard hair and double-stranded brush.
According to the source, it can be divided into: tire brush, wolf brush, rabbit shoulder purple brush, deer brush, chicken brush, duck brush, brush, pig brush, mouse brush, tiger brush, ox ear brush and so on.
(1) Ranunculus. This pen is made of goat hair. Wool pen is soft in texture and absorbs a large amount of ink, which is suitable for writing with round and solid stippling. More durable than a wolf's brush. Most of these pens are lake pens, which are relatively cheap. Generally, there are big pens, Jingti (or pen lifting), Lianfeng, Feng Ping, Ding Feng, Gaifeng, flagpole, Jade Bamboo Shoots, Yulanrui and Jingzha.
(2) Wolf brush. This pen is made of the hair on the tail of a weasel. The rat tail produced in Northeast China is the most common, and it is called "North Langhao" and "Guandong Liao Wei". Wolf hair is stronger than wool pen and suitable for writing and drawing, but it is not as durable as wool pen and more expensive. Common varieties are Zhu Lan, freehand brushwork, landscape, flowers, Ye Jin, costume patterns, red beans, small seiko, deer and wolf hair calligraphy and painting (made of wolf hair and deer hair), leopard and wolf hair (made of wolf hair and leopard hair), special long-peak wolf hair, super long-peak wolf hair and so on.
(3) font size. The writing pen is made of rabbit hair, so it is named for its purple, black and bright colors. This kind of pen is tall and straight, sharp and sharp, and its elasticity is stronger than wolf hair. Rabbit hair produced in Anhui is the best.
(4) Double-sided brush. This pen is made of two kinds of animal hair with different hardness and softness. Common varieties are double-stranded brush, wolf sheep, double-stranded brush and purple sheep, such as five-purple five-sheep and seven-purple three-sheep. This pen has the advantages of both sheep and wolves, moderate rigidity and moderate price, and is commonly used by painters and painters. There are two types: harmonic type and quilt type.
According to the shape, it can be divided into round type, pointed type and luxurious type.
In addition, according to the length of strokes, the brush has different performances such as long strokes, middle strokes and short strokes. Long front is easy to draw beautiful lines, short front is easy to make lines dignified and heavy, and it is appropriate to draw mountains and rivers with centers. According to the size of the nib, brushes are divided into three types: small, medium and large. All kinds of landscapes should be prepared. Generally, a small landscape, a big landscape, a little white cloud and a big white cloud, and a bigger bucket pen will do. How sharp the new pen is, it is only suitable for drawing thin lines, and the effect of rubbing, wiping and knocking the old pen is good. Some painters like to use a bald pen, and the dotted line is not vigorous and simple. A good brush has four characteristics: round, neat, sharp and healthy, and it is handy to use. Brush should be cleaned in time after use to avoid dry ink damage.
Generally, the raw materials for making pen containers are gold, silver, ivory, glass, rosewood and bamboo.
There are two centers in history: Xu Anbi (Xuancheng, Anhui) and Hubi (Huzhou, Zhejiang). Now the brushes produced in Shanghai, Suzhou, Beijing, Chengdu and other places also enjoy high reputation. At present, the most famous origin of brush is the lake pen in Shanlian Town, Xing Wu County, Zhejiang Province, which is called the lake pen.
Pens have "four virtues", namely "sharp, neat, round and healthy", which are introduced one by one below:
Sharp: When the pens are gathered together, the ends should be sharp. The pen tip is easy to write and express. Writers often refer to their pens as "bald pens", but if they are not sharp, they will become bald pens, and there will be no spirit in writing books.
When buying a new pen, the hair is glued and polymerized, which is easy to distinguish. When checking the old pen, first wet the pen and gather the hair, then you can distinguish the sharp baldness.
Qi: refers to the pen tip after it is flattened with water. If the brush is neat, the length of the brush is equal at ordinary times, and there is no gap, then it is "ten thousand Li Qi" when writing. Because the pen needs to be completely wetted, it is difficult to check this when buying.
Round: it means that the pen is as perfect as a jujube pit, which means that the hair is sufficient. If you have more hair, you will have enough pen power to write, otherwise you will lose weight and lack pen power. The pen is perfect. The pen can turn.
When shopping, there is glue in your hair. Is it perfect? Just take a closer look.
Health: the elasticity of the pen waist; Press hard, lift the pen, and then return to its original state. If the pen is flexible, it can be used freely; Generally speaking, rabbit hair and wolf hair are more elastic than wool, and books are strong and firm.
In this regard, press the pen after wetting, and the front is straight and healthy.