Calligraphy font is the classification of calligraphy style.
Calligraphy fonts are traditionally divided into five categories: branch font, cursive font, official script font, seal script font and regular script font. In each category, it is subdivided into several sub-categories. For example, seal script is divided into big seal script and small seal script, regular script is divided into Wei Bei Tang Kai, and cursive script is divided into Cao Zhang, Jincao and Kuangcao.
There are three essences of calligraphy: creating body, expressing beauty and expressing meaning. From an artistic point of view, the focus is on expressing beauty. This beauty itself has rich connotations and external manifestations, such as architectural beauty, formal beauty, brushwork beauty, style beauty, brushwork beauty, performance beauty, language beauty, narrative beauty and so on.
Calligraphy is a means to express the tension of words, and it is the most direct and vivid way to give words the meaning of beauty, and words are the records of history and culture, so calligraphy itself contains the track of historical evolution and the outline of cultural events. Because of this, calligraphy has extremely high artistic value and historical value.
2. What kinds of calligraphy are there in China?
Seal script: Seal script is a general term for Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Dazhuan and Xiaozhuan.
Features: Fine brushwork, strong and straight, with many straight lines. There are Fang Bi, round pen and sharp pen, and there are many "hanging needles" for writing.
This is the earliest recognizable writing handed down from generation to generation. Official script: Official script is also called Han Li.
Features: It is a solemn font commonly used in Chinese characters, with slightly flat writing effect, long horizontal drawing, short straight drawing, and rectangular shape, paying attention to "silkworm head and goose tail" and "twists and turns". Regular script: Regular script is also called regular script, real script and official script.
Features: evolved from official script, more simple and horizontal. This Chinese character font is the commonly used handwritten orthographic Chinese character.
Running script: cursive script is called "running script" and cursive script is called "running script". Features: font between regular script and cursive script.
Fang is not as good as official script, and Yuan is not as good as seal script. It is to make up for the shortcomings of slow writing in regular script and illegible cursive script.
Therefore, it is not as scribbled as cursive script, nor as straight as regular script. Whether it is cursive or cursive in essence.
Cursive script: There are many names of cursive script, such as Caozhuan, Cao Li, Kuangcao, Cao Zhang, Cao Jin, etc. Features: simple structure and continuous strokes.
Writing is smooth and fast, and it is not easy to identify. Among the five types of calligraphy, cursive script has the most abstract artistic features.
There are several fonts in calligraphy.
The five major fonts of calligraphy are kai, yin and xing.
Grass. Li.
Seal script is a general term for big seal script and small seal script. Dazhuan refers to Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Jinwen, Jinwen and Six Kingdoms, and retains the obvious features of ancient hieroglyphics.
Xiao Zhuan, also known as "Qin Zhuan", is the common language of Qin State. In the development history of Chinese characters, it is the transition between seal script and official script.
Seal script is the most meaningful and the most difficult to write. A famous seal script works, hanging on the wall, moving.
It originated very early and was gradually abandoned in the change of writing, but it still expresses classical beauty and inner beauty with profound connotation and flexible lines. Official script-inner thoughts In the process of "writing the same text", Qin Shihuang ordered Li Si to create Xiao Zhuan, and also adopted the official script compiled by Cheng Miao.
After seal script, official script is a very beautiful style. And the beauty of Bo and Zhen.
The so-called "wave" is that the left line of the stroke is like a meander, and it becomes left in the later regular script; The so-called "stroke" only opens the right pen, which looks like a "dovetail" pen. When writing a long horizontal line, the pen begins to cut into the "silkworm head" facing the front, with the pen in the middle having a wave distance and a tail at the end.
Lishu has its own unique ideological content, with soft pen, rigorous composition, serious but not rigid, tall and straight but not stiff. There are thoughts and connotations.
Cursive script-lingering artistic conception Cursive script can be divided into Cao Zhang, Cao Jin and Crazy Grass. There are rules to follow in the changes of strokes, such as the urgent chapter of the Three Kingdoms Wu in Songjiang Edition.
Today's grass is eclectic and fluent, and its representative works include Wang Xizhi's "The First Moon" and Jin Dynasty's "Getting Time". Mad grass appeared in the Tang Dynasty, represented by Zhang Xu and Huai Su, and its brushwork was wild and uninhibited, which became an artistic creation completely divorced from practicality. From then on, cursive script was only the works of calligraphers imitating Cao Zhang, Cao Jin and Kuangcao.
Cursive script is the ultimate simplification of China's calligraphy style, which has strong artistic value. Running script-the track of speed Running script is a font between regular script and cursive script.
Running script was the most famous in Song Dynasty, including Mi Fei, Su Shi and Huang Tingjian of Cai Xiang. The masterpiece Preface to Lanting is the most famous work of Wang Xizhi, a calligrapher in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Predecessors described it as "a dragon descending from heaven, a tiger lying in a phoenix pavilion" and praised it as "the best running script in the world".
Tang Yan Zhenqing's book "Sacrificing a Nephew" is very bold, and the ancients rated it as "the second running script in the world". Su Shi's Huangzhou Cold Food Sticker is called "the third running script in the world".
The appearance of running script is the result of simplified characters and accelerated speed. Regular script-Founder gentle regular script, a kind of China font, is a popular handwritten orthographic Chinese character, which evolved from official script.
Also known as block letters. It is a kind of calligraphy with the longest development time in China.
Regular script is square and strokes are straight. There were four famous regular script writers in Yuan Dynasty: Ou Yangxun (Ou Ti), Yan Zhenqing (Yan Ti), Liu Gongquan (Liu Ti) and Zhao Mengfu (Zhao Ti). Regular script is generally used as an introductory text, which can follow seal script and play a connecting role.
4. "Calligraphy" refers to the basic font of calligraphy?
Calligraphy refers to the basic font of calligraphy, including seal script, official script, cursive script, regular script and running script.
Seal script includes Oracle Bone Inscriptions in Shang Dynasty, Zhou Dynasty, Warring States and Qin Dynasty, with Qin Dynasty as its representative. Small seal script is developed and simplified on the basis of big seal script, which is characterized by long knot, well-balanced strokes, unobtrusive edges and beautiful lines.
Representative works include Mount Tai Stone Carving and Langya Terrace Stone Carving by Qin Lisi. Lishu, also known as auxiliary books and historical books, prevailed in the Han Dynasty.
Lishu is characterized by smooth left and right strokes, which is a decorative style. The representative works are some inscriptions of Han Dynasty, such as Zhang Qianbei, Shi Chenbei and some bamboo slips.
Historians of official posts in past dynasties include the history of Tang Dynasty, Han Zemu, Jin Nong and Deng in Qing Dynasty. Regular script, also known as official script and original script, is a variant of official script, which prevailed in Tang Dynasty.
It is characterized by square modeling and rigorous strokes. Representative works include Li Yanqin Cup and Ce Shen Military Cup.
Zhong You, Ou Yangxun, Yan Zhenqing and Liu Gongquan of Cao Wei were the famous regular script writers in the Tang Dynasty. The cursive script is characterized by wild, ups and downs, continuity and one go.
Famous artists include Zhang Xu and Huai Su in the Tang Dynasty, and their masterpieces include Abdominal Pain Post and Self-Narrative Post. Running script, also known as running script, is characterized by simplicity, fluency and vividness.
Famous artists include Wang Xizhi in Jin Dynasty, Su Shi and Mi Fei in Song Dynasty and Zhao Mengfu in Yuan Dynasty. His representative works include Preface to Lanting Collection, Sacrifice to My Nephew and Huangzhou Cold Food Post.