This book was recommended to me by a famous librarian. It was originally used to consult along the catalogue and collect some lesson preparation materials. I didn't intend to read it carefully, but I didn't want to be attracted by the detailed information and clear explanations in the book just by turning a few pages. After reading a special chapter, I have to look at the cover again, wondering if this book is an idiom analysis.
Yes, idiom analysis.
The calligraphy in black and white is elegant, and the words "the way to be an official" are written on the cover. It is easy for people to ignore the words "Wang Liqun's wisdom and understanding idioms" behind, thus mistakenly thinking that this book is about the success or failure of officialdom. In fact, this book is really about idioms, the ins and outs of idioms, the profound connotation of idioms, and the bits and pieces that really happen behind idioms.
Especially the author Wang Liqun, elegant and knowledgeable. From "Lecture Room" in those years to "Poetry Club" in recent years, I can remember the moment when I heard this name, his slim, smiling and talking with Kan Kan. At this moment, he has accumulated many years of knowledge in this book to explain idioms in detail. What he can get is not only the intoxication of reading, but also the accumulation and broadening of knowledge.
Throughout the book, I am surprised by three aspects of this idiom.
First, idioms are divided into themes.
"Linking idioms with themes" is my most intuitive feeling when I read Wang Liqun's book Understanding Idioms.
Different from some collections of idioms and allusions that he has read, Mr. Wang Liqun classifies and condenses the related idioms and allusions with a big theme and a small theme in each chapter: For example, since the title of the book is The Way to Be an Official, this chapter 15 is elaborated from the character and ability that an official should possess, including the official code of "being honest and powerful" and the official consciousness of "being born in sorrow and dying in happiness"; The same is true for each chapter, which fully expounds the theme of the chapter with subheadings. For example, in the chapter "Born in worry and died in happiness", he used three idioms to connect the sense of crisis in the sense of worry, and used three idioms to explain "being observant of everything".
Therefore, idiom analysis is not only to define words and tell allusions in order to know their meanings, but also to link different idioms at different levels and angles with the same theme, and to combine the thousand-year cultural tradition behind idioms and allusions with the real history, so that people can understand idioms and associative memories and better understand the truth that life cannot be ignored.
Second, history and time are lines, reflecting the sense of inheritance. ?
? Under the cohesion of the theme, Wang Liqun's idiom analysis unfolds in time and dynasty order, which is more like a slowly unfolding picture scroll, telling the thoughts and thoughts of our Chinese nation and the traditional spirit of China for 5,000 years, which really makes people understand what a nation's "inheritance" is from idioms.
Taking the sixth chapter "Born in sorrow and died in happiness" as an example, when telling the three idioms "If you hesitate, you will be afraid and walk on thin ice in the abyss" with the theme of "sober sense of crisis", let's start with the birth of our ancestors.
"Our ancestors had a sudden fear in the face of disasters on a windy and dark night. This fear was the beginning of a sense of pain ... The sense of urgency was driven by a sense of responsibility and consciously appeared on the basis of fear."
There is no direct definition or idiom, but it takes readers back to their ancestors' time when they were always in danger. Let readers feel "* * *" with the instinct of human beings to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages and the responsibility of preventing disadvantages, so as to better understand the essential root and necessity of "sense of hardship".
Then, tracing back to the source, the word "worry" first appeared independently in the Book of Changes and Mencius, and quoted the evaluation of the Book of Changes from the Book of Changes:
"The prosperity of Yi is also related to the Middle Ages. Do you have any concerns about being an easy writer? "
It not only points out the earliest source, but also expresses Zhou Wenwang's anxiety when he wrote the Book of Changes (traditional saying is quoted here). Zhou Wuwang, a descendant of this concern for the country, can't sleep at night because of his concern for the country, that is, "A gentleman works all day, and if he is late, there is no blame" mentioned in the three words of Zhouyi Gan-the first idiom "If he is late" and the generalized idiom "If he is late" are clearly and smoothly introduced and explained, and there is no logical break, so he didn't read them.
Then there is the Book of Songs, which says, "You dare not storm a tiger or a river. People only know this danger and don't know other evils. Worrying about the country and the people is like walking on thin ice; Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty, inherited the throne. Facing the still chaotic world, Xia said: "You should be on the edge of the abyss, walking on thin ice, shivering, and be careful every day. "
The torrent of history rolls by, dynasties change and characters change, but it connects the "sense of hardship" of the Chinese nation from beginning to end, allowing readers to deeply understand the sense of hardship and idioms, and at the same time appreciate the "inheritance" passed down from generation to generation by the Chinese nation-
It is not that the word "worry" is always recited orally, pasted on the bed and hung in the room, but that generations of people are diligent and cautious from morning till night, walking on thin ice, trembling on the edge of the abyss all the time, not suffering consciousness, not spiritual inheritance all the time.
The third is to expand and enrich from point to surface.
Idioms and allusions are not all idioms and allusions.
This book by Mr. Wang Liqun always reminds me of those lovely teachers who are talking, scratching their heads and talking to themselves: "Oh, how did I get here?" .
I don't know if this is a unique "habit" of a knowledgeable person, so it is easy to explain it from a certain angle. He spoke with great interest, even without realizing his own expansion, and the people who listened to him enjoyed it, and their ideas and logic were constant and far-fetched.
The same is true of teacher Wang Liqun's book.
Explaining and extending from a certain point of idioms, the vast soup makes you see a wider world, but in the end it returns to this point without leaving a trace. A complete circular chain contains rich and extensive knowledge.
Or take the sixth chapter "born in sorrow and died in happiness" as an example.
When the word "worry" appeared in Zhouyi and Mencius for the first time, Mr. Wang Liqun didn't rush to drag the two original texts out of the book to discuss their connotations. Instead, he started with Zhouyi, first clarified the relationship among Zhouyi, Yijing and Yijing, and then took the traditional Yijing as the background.
And this kind of writing style of "starting a pen" and "recovering it satisfactorily" can be seen everywhere in the book, which makes people not only read and learn idioms, but also learn more than idioms.
I read more than just idioms-from consulting materials to studying them carefully, I never thought that I could understand a different world by reading idioms.