The first two sentences of the first song are the essence of his character-keeping an open mind. Su Dongpo is not only good at poetry, but also good at calligraphy. Only Yu Liwei wrote his lyrics. This is not affectation, this is your natural expression of your achievements, despite Yu Liwei's. Therefore, it is said that "eternal Su Hao is good at winning games" and "Hao" because the world generally calls Su Dongpo Liu Yong. The two are opposite, but Xin Qiji was called in the Southern Song Dynasty. Both of them have made extensive achievements, but they are not exactly the same. Xin is a hero and Su Dongpo is an easy-going and open-minded person.
When we look at Su Dongpo, we should not only look at his generosity, but also look at his loyalty and persistence, his political ideal and his broad-mindedness in setbacks.
Su Dongpo once experienced Wutai's poetry case, "life is like a chicken." Almost executed, demoted to Huangzhou. He has sorrow in his heart, but the words he can write are so broad. Not only into the vast landscape, but also into the eternal history. This is another reason that can cause him to escape. He has a big-picture view of history, putting himself in the whole historical background, not just me, but how many ups and downs, how many successes, how many failures, and how many honors and disgraces have existed throughout the ages. In a song "Never Meet Happiness", the beginning is euphemistic: "The moon is like frost, the wind is like water, and the scenery is infinite. Fish jumping in the winding harbor, dew on the round lotus, loneliness unknown ",followed by" ancient and modern dreams, no dreams, but old joys and new grievances "is also a rare historical and literary accomplishment to put yourself in a dream of ancient and modern times! As a person, you should have a view of history, so that you won't care too much about personal interests, and you won't take personal worries so seriously, because there are many historical figures at all times and in all countries to accompany you to bear these ups and downs. Su Shi's "a river never returns, a man who has been washed away by waves and has been romantic for ages" is a kind of tolerance and detachment in his sadness.
"West of the old base ..." shows his seriousness. He watered his base with the glasses of the ancients. The background of Gone for Never, the small scene of Chibi old base area, a little person who was born early and made a fortune, recalled Zhou Yu's romantic life as a scholar and made great achievements. Look at my situation again. Being demoted to Huangzhou accomplished nothing. Who is the "old country"? Who is "sentimental"? The inscription of the old country should refer to Chibi, which is Sun Wu in the Three Kingdoms period. Fugue refers to Zhou Yu's soul "Fugue of the Old Country". I salute you today, Zhou Gongjin. If Zhou Gongjin dies and knows, go back to your old Red Cliff. Affectionate means that Zhou Yu will laugh at me if he has feelings.
Dongpo's works have a long history and broad background. Compared with Zhou Gongjin's, I have accomplished nothing. But what about Zhou Gongjin? Isn't it also a "romantic figure through the ages"! So people should have an open mind, so I will take a glass of wine and sprinkle it on the bright moon in the middle of the river. Different from Li Bai, "Is goodwill guaranteed? I see the Milky Way is a long way. Dongpo's sadness is a combination of lofty heaven and earth and the bright moon of Minghe River.
? Let's look at one of his little words, which is easy to change feelings and has clues to follow: Preface-April 1 day, 2007, I'm going to Huang to touch you, leaving two or three gentlemen nearby to meet Li Zhonglan from Jiangdong to say goodbye one by one.
It was hard at first. I wanted to go back to my hometown Meishan, but once I was demoted, there was nothing I could do. Forty-eight years old has been a century and a half. How many days in the future? I am in exile in Huangzhou. In five years and two leap months, the child spoke Huangzhou dialect. Every Spring Festival and autumn, friends in the mountains kill chickens and pigs and make wine, and persuade Lao Dongpo to spend the holidays with them. I want to die here, too. But the imperial edict will be moved to Ruzhou. "Things in life go back and forth like a shuttle." I think Ruzhou must also have its advantages. You can "have nothing to do to watch the autumn wind and clear waves", but I can't bear to part with Huangzhou. "Fortunately, there is a bright future in front of the hall." When you miss me, don't hurt the willow I planted. This word was given to a friend who came to see him from Jiangnan at that time. He said I miss my hometown and love Huangzhou. I haven't arrived in Ruzhou yet, and I miss Hangzhou where I have been. I hope you can take a message to the place where I have been, and tell the local elders, old relatives and friends, and the people I have treated in the past, hoping that they will live a stable and happy life.
On the one hand, Su Dongpo can transcend his own suffering, but on the other hand, he is so affectionate. He will never forget all the places he passed and all the people who came and went. He is full of feelings!
Xia Jingguan (1875~ 1953) divided Su Dongpo's ci into two categories. He said:
Xia Jingguan thinks that Su Dongpo has a word, which is the melody of wind and waves, and that is his best word. As for bold and stirring words, it is the second best.
Su Dongpo's ci got rid of the smooth and rainy state, sang high songs and wrote heroism, which is a great development for ci. But at that time, many people didn't recognize his style, saying that he seemed to be Ambassador Lei's dance, although he danced very well and was the best work in the world. Because from the Five Dynasties' Flower Collection, there have been words to write about boudoir children. In the history of the development of Ci, Dongpo is a peak of the poeticization of Ci. However, it is a word after all. No matter how many heroic sentiments he wrote, his best writing should have a tortuous and implicit beauty. It is his first-class work to combine lofty spirit with subtle twists and turns of words. Nian Nu Jiao is more bold in Chibi; "Man Ting Square" is too obvious from the perspective of Huang Qu Ru, with too few subtle places and too many open places!
Let's go and have a look now. This is really like Xia Jingguan's masterpiece:
? Su Dongpo disagreed when the old and new parties were in power. He wrote this letter:
? Wang (Wang Anshi) and Wen (Sima Guang), I refused to blindly follow and agree, so I was attacked and discussed by many people. However, whatever they do to me, I don't care. I have long equated gain and loss with fame and fortune. In his "Ding Feng", the calmness of "my colleagues are in chaos, and I don't feel lonely", the calmness of "Mount Tai collapses in the past, but its color remains the same", the understanding of "why don't you go slowly in echo each other" and the courage of "being a misty rain all your life" are all unreasonable to me, "no rain or shine" and "retiring for too long". He disagreed with the people of the old party politically, so Later, Su Dongpo was recalled to Bianjing. This song "Klang Ganzhou" was written to his good friends and monks when he returned to Bianjing from Hangzhou. What is the result of returning to the imperial court, and how the future gains and losses are irreversible.
? The passionate wind rolled up the Qiantang River tide and sent it back mercilessly. Everything in the universe is like this, and the tide rises and falls. Written in the tide, it already contains transcendence and sadness. On the Qiantang River and Pukou River in Xixing, how many tides have come back and forth, and how many times have the sun risen and set? This is a view from ancient times to modern times. I don't need to mention the ancient changes, that is, the party struggle in the Song Dynasty. How many people rose and how many people fell? Who, like Dongpo, ignores all this all his life? Forgot to look at the machine (Liezi Huangdi). It is said that there is a man who likes seagulls and goes out to sea by boat every day. Seagulls come down to play with him and eat in his hand. One day, his father said to him, "I heard that seagulls swam past you, so you took them to play." He saved the bird catcher, and the seagull couldn't fly down, because that man saved the "machine heart", that is, others tried to catch it. And "forgetting the machine" is the wit and cunning of forgetting the gains and losses.
Look at his turning point in the second half. What I can't forget now is that when spring is in the beautiful spring mountain, when the sky is covered with green hills and mist, you and I live a comfortable life in the West Lake. It's rare to meet such a good friend as you, and you can write poetry as a bosom friend. But now I want to leave you for the imperial court. Whether it is a disaster or a blessing, it is irreversible. "We made an appointment with him to return to the eastern sea. I hope that Xie Gongya's ambition will not be violated. " Xie Gong, Xie An in the Jin Dynasty, lived in seclusion in Dongshan, Huiji, and the court asked him to come out as prime minister. However, he was later suspected by the court and went to Xincheng to be an official. When he went, Xie An made an ocean suit and said that he would return to his secluded place from the sea in the future. However, Xie An soon fell ill and was carried back from Xizhoumen. After Xie An's death, his nephew Yang Tan was very sad and never passed through Xizhou Gate. It's sad to write here. I'll make an appointment with you. One day I will leave Bianjing and return to Hangzhou from Qingdao. I hope this is true and we can get together again in the future. I hope I won't die there. If you pass through Xizhou Road in Beijing again in the future, you will definitely cry for me. I hope we don't end up like this. Later, Su Dongpo was exiled to Huizhou and Danzhou. It is said that Shen Liaozi once followed Su Dongpo for thousands of miles to renew his bosom friend.
Such words are really the joy of storms, and there are many voices of grief and indignation. The beautiful scenery ahead is vast, and the suffering of political struggle is deep and sad in the middle, with many bitter and resentful voices. To get to know Su Dongpo, it is more important to look at his works that combine the two styles of wind and waves and the voice of grief and indignation. This is the realm of his true highest achievement.
Ye Jiaying's "The Third Jueju of Ci" says that Su Dongpo's achievements are very extensive. He also wrote some humorous games and some popular works in rural areas. "Le qing dao? ? "His proverbs are well written. "Le qing dao? ? "It is a poem" Huanxisha "written by Su Dongpo on the road of praying for rain in Mizhou. He said, "What? ? Warm and hungry, ask when the bean leaves are yellow. " They are all about rural scenery, and they are well written. Qu Gangyuan and written in "Song of Eternal Sorrow" (the bright moon is like frost), which is also well written and neat and beautiful.
(Remarks: The text is arranged in Ye Jiaying's Seventeen Lectures on Tang Poetry and Song Poetry)