1. Urgent request
Reference translation of "Preface to Scholars Giving Money":
Last summer, I started to meet Qian Jie in Beijing, and we shook hands as soon as we met. Intimate teasing, no scruples, just like old friends. At my residence, Qian Jie comes every few days, and when he arrives he is full of smiles and does not leave until dark. Sometimes I go out with him, socialize and have dinner before coming back; sometimes I don't see him for dozens of days, and I don't make random guesses about where I'm going. (Me and Qian Jie) When we meet unexpectedly on the street or on the road, we always laugh and curse wantonly, and ask for wine and refuse to stop. So they went upstairs to indulge in drinking and got drunk, and then rode away on their donkeys without saying goodbye to each other. If it happens again in the future, I think it's normal.
In autumn, I first floated on the Bian River and crossed the Huai River before returning. Later, after the Qian Festival in January, I also left the capital, so we met again in Gaoyou. Gaoyou City is my hometown, and the county magistrate happens to be Qian Jie's brother-in-law, so he stayed for dozens of days for this reason. Since I failed to pass the imperial examination because of my pedantic and practical knowledge, most of my fellow villagers laughed at me and considered it a shame to associate with me. I don't want to see them either,
because they stay behind closed doors and entertain themselves with knowledge of literature and history every day. The only people who couldn't bear to refuse immediately and visited from time to time were Taoist Shenliao and Donghai Xu Zisi brothers. When Qian Jie found out, he envied them. When several people came, Qian Jie would often come together, knock on the small door along the alley, and yell at the servants to tell them to report to me. I would take off my clothes and sit in the house facing south. . I came out to meet them, discussing poetry and calligraphy, studying calligraphy and painting, drinking tea and playing chess, sometimes until late at night, and never talked about the past. Only then did I find it strange that money saving and energy saving were as free and easy as mine. And Qian Jie gradually realized that I was not a smooth and corrupt person.
The guest laughed when he heard this and said: You two used to sing and drink, looked down on people of etiquette, and spent more than 100,000 yuan on one happiness. Why are you so indulgent? Now (either) staying at home, (or) going out in the car, not doing anything that is not indifferent, and acting like an unmarried woman, why are you so reserved? The shadow's shadow asked the shadow: "Earlier you were walking, now you stopped again, earlier you were sitting, now you stand up again, how unindependent are you?" It's the two of you. I replied: "The two of us are indeed shadows. You are right to ask." I should explain it to you. Which ordinary people's thoughts can be explored, heard and heard, and their ethics can probably be achieved. They are all ordinary people. The entertainment of singing and drinking and the joy of writing are just like ordinary people. Why does this deserve special treatment? The fisherman said: "If the water in Canglang is clear, it can be used to wash my hat; if the water in Canglang is turbid, it can be used to wash my feet." Clear and turbid water (environment) does not change It's about things, restraint and indulgence because of the current situation, not about yourself. I was worried that this situation wouldn't last long, but I didn't expect it to be similar to this accident. Why are you so perceptive? Stop with me. The guest didn't answer.
2. Request the translation of "Preface to the Scholar Zeng Gong"
Preface to the Scholar Zeng Gong
Ouyang Xiu
Guangwen Zeng Sheng , came from Nanfeng, entered Taixue, and entered Yousi with other students. There are officials who gather talents from a group, use standards, and use one method (an examination and selection standard), and discard those who fail the test. Although there is a talent for pulling out Kuilei, one of them is millet (ㄌㄟˇ ㄕㄨ鴃F). The ancients used millet grains as the basis for measurement. By arranging millet grains in a certain way and connecting them, they become length, volume or weight. Standard; a metaphor for a small amount) If it does not meet the standard, you will not dare to take it. Fortunately, I have a good boss, but I will sigh and cherish it with everyone, if the choice is not my own business. 迿 (ㄨㄟˇ; shirk, shirk) said: There are judges and laws, but there is no way to fail! There are officials who do not take responsibility for themselves, and people in the world do not take responsibility for the officials. They all say: "It is not right, it is the law." Unfortunately, if Sidu makes a mistake, he often loses more and gains less. Alas! Is there any good or bad law practiced by the company? How long it has been without thinking about revolution.
If there is a karma in the past, the big ones are already strong, and the small ones can also be measured, but it is strange if someone abandons them. However, if he has not been promoted in the same way, if he has not committed any crime, he should be punished and returned to his home. He should learn more and stick to it. I was shocked by his writing at first, but also strengthened his ambition. Farmers are diligent in sowing seeds regardless of the age of the year. If there is a flood or drought, it will be over. If there is a harvest, wouldn't there be many evils?
Zeng Shengli (ㄊㄨㄛˊ; hidden in a bag) came to the capital with hundreds of thousands of words in his writings. People in the capital did not ask for Zeng Sheng, but Zeng Sheng did not do anything about it.
How dare I seek to survive and be humiliated to care for you? The people in the capital didn't ask for it, but they lost it, and they only got it. In his travels, he saw it in the text, so that those who know the living can have a secretary and congratulate Yu for his unique achievement.
Zeng Gong, also known as Zigu, was one of the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties. At the age of twenty, he was famous all over the world and deeply appreciated by Ouyang Xiu. In the second year of Qingli (1042), Zeng Gong took part in the Jinshi examination hosted by the Ministry of Rites. Because the admission standard at that time was based on the "Four-six Parallel Style" Shiwen, Zeng Gong failed. Ouyang Xiu complained about Zeng Gong's injustice. Before Zeng Gong left, he wrote this preface, criticizing the examination system at that time and expressing his concern and encouragement for the underachievers. 3. Send a translation of Zeng Gong’s Preface to the Scholarship
Zeng Gong from Guangwen Museum came from Nanfeng area (Jiangxi). He wanted to enter Imperial College, and he and the students there asked the examiner for advice.
Examiners accept talented people from all walks of life and measure them according to unified requirements according to the examination standards. Those who do not meet the examination requirements will be eliminated; even if they are magnificent and extraordinary, if there are subtleties that do not meet the standards, they will be eliminated and they will not dare to admit.
If you are lucky enough to meet a good examiner (who knows that you have been wrongfully accused of failing), you will just sympathize with and feel sorry for (the failed) like everyone else, as if admission and elimination are none of your business, and you will excuse yourself by saying: "The examiner has examination standards. What can I do if I can't pass the exam?" The examiner could not bear the important responsibility he should have, and people in the society did not blame the examiner for this. Everyone said: "He failed the exam because there are rules in the exam." < /p>
What is even more unfortunate is that if the examiner makes a mistake in grasping the standards, he will often lose a lot of talents and gain very little. Why! Are the examination standards that the examiners have really high quality? Why hasn't reform been carried out for so long? What's more, with Zeng Gong's academic level, his excellent articles have reached a magnificent and outstanding state, and ordinary articles also meet the examination standards; but the examiner eliminated him, it is really strange! However, Zeng Gong did not blame (the admitted candidates) from the same examination, nor did he blame the examiners. He told me (the idea of ??going back to his hometown to study) that he wanted to (continue) expand his knowledge and stick to his original characteristics.
At first I marveled at his articles, and (now) I admire his heroic ambition. (Just like) farmers do not blame poor harvests in disaster years but still diligently open up wasteland and sow seeds, and the harm of floods and droughts will not exist; if you can gain something like this, wouldn't you get a lot? Zeng Gong came to the capital with hundreds of thousands of articles in his pocket. No one who studied in the capital asked Zeng Gong for advice, but Zeng Gong did not rely on these articles to seek personnel connections.
How dare I ask Zeng Gong (to read the article to me), but he humiliated himself and came to visit me. This is why scholars in the capital could not ask for advice from him, and the examiners lost him, and only I learned about him.
(Now) He will return to his hometown, so when he saw these articles, (it) made me feel that Zeng Gong could use these articles to pity the examiner (lost people) and congratulate me for my unique ability to recognize talents. happiness. 4. The original text and translation of the ancient poem "A Preface to the Scholar Zeng Gong" and its translation
Author: A Preface to the Scholar Zeng Gong Ouyang Xiuguangwen ① Zeng Sheng, from Nanfeng, entered Taixue, and was among his fellow students Advance to Yousi.
There is a division that gathers talents, controls the standards, and adopts one method. Test.
Those who don’t hit the target will be discarded; even if they have the talent to pull out the culprits, but their pile of millet 3 does not meet the standard, they will be discarded and dare not take it. Fortunately, I have a good boss, but I will sigh and cherish it like everyone else, if the choice is not my own business.
To shirk (shirk, shirk) and say: "There is a division and a law, but why don't you get it!" There is a division that does not take responsibility for itself, and people in the world do not take responsibility for the division, and they all say: "It doesn't get it, Law. "Unfortunately, if Sidu makes a mistake, he will often lose more and gain less.
Woohoo! Are there any good laws or evil practices practiced by the company? Why haven't you thought about revolution for so long? What's more, if there is a karma in the past, the big one is already strong, and the small one can also be measured. It's strange if someone abandons it! However, if he has not been promoted in the same way, he has not been punished for his crime, so he should be punished and returned to his country. At the beginning, I was shocked by his writing, but also strengthened his ambition. The husband and the farmer did not blame the old age but worked hard to sow the seeds. ⑤ This is so diligent, even if there is a flood or drought, it will be enough. If there is a harvest, wouldn't there be many evils? Zeng Sheng came to the capital with hundreds of thousands of words in his writings. No one in the capital wanted Zeng Sheng, but Zeng Sheng did not want to do anything about it.
How dare I seek to survive, and yet I would be humiliated to care about you? The people in the capital didn't ask for it, but they lost it, and they only got it.
As it was done, it was found in the text, so that those who know the living can express their condolences and congratulate others for their unique achievements.
(Selected from "The Complete Works of Ouyang Wenzhonggong") Notes ① Guangwen: Guangwen Guan, a school affiliated to the Imperial College of the Song Dynasty. It accommodated people who came to the capital to seek examinations. They first studied in the Guangwen Guan and in the year of tribute examination, they went to the Imperial College to take exams. , one out of ten.
② Kui Lei: majestic. ③Lei millet: Lei and millet are two tiny units of weight in ancient times, which here represent tiny weights.
④The big ones: here refers to excellent articles, and the "small ones" below refer to ordinary articles. ⑤葑 (zī) sowing: to open up wasteland and sow seeds.
葑, to open up wasteland. 22. Answer in your own words why the author of the second paragraph feels "weird".
(2 points) 23. Briefly analyze the expression effect of "Wow! What good laws are there? How come you haven't thought about reform for so long?" (2 points) 24. The one closest to the meaning of "How dare I ask for life and take care of me when I am humiliated" is ( ) (2 points) A. I didn't dare to ask to see Zeng Sheng, but Zeng Sheng came to visit because he was humiliated. I.
B. How dare I ask Zeng Sheng for help, but he came to take care of me aggrievedly. C. How dare I ask Zeng Sheng to come and see me, but he wronged himself to come and visit me.
D. How dare I make demands on Zeng Sheng? He only came to see me after being bullied by others. 25. Please analyze. The author uses the analogy of "the farmer is diligent in sowing regardless of the age of the year, but is exhausted even if there are floods and droughts." What is the purpose of this analogy? (3 points) 26. In addition to criticizing the standard of “one method for examination”, what other phenomena did the author criticize that caused the failure of talented scholars like Zeng Gong? (4 points) Reference answer: 22. Whether Zeng Gong’s articles are excellent or average, they all meet or exceed the examination standards, but they are still eliminated.
(2 points) 23. In this sentence, two rhetorical questions are used together to strengthen the tone and highlight the power of criticism. It expresses the author’s strong criticism and anger towards the unchanging examination standards and the examiners’ lack of reform. feeling. (2 points) 24. C (2 points) 25. This is used as an analogy to praise (encourage) Zeng Gong for not complaining about others but determined to return to his hometown to continue his studies, expand his knowledge and stick to his original characteristics (think Extensive knowledge and persistence) (3 points) 26. (1) The examiner clearly knows that the person who failed has been wronged, but only shows sympathy and shirks the responsibility to the rules of the examination; (2) People in society do not blame, The phenomenon of criticizing the examiner's responsible approach and helping the examiner to shirk responsibility; (3) The examination palace made mistakes in grasping the examination standards, resulting in the loss of many talents.
(4 points, 3 points for two answers) Background: Zeng Gong, named Zigu, was one of the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties. At the age of twenty, he was famous all over the world and deeply appreciated by Ouyang Xiu.
In the second year of Qingli (1042), Zeng Gong took part in the Jinshi examination hosted by the Ministry of Rites. Because the admission standard at that time was based on the "four-six parallel-style" Shiwen, Zeng Gong failed. Ouyang Xiu complained about Zeng Gong's injustice. Before Zeng Gong left, he wrote this preface, criticizing the examination system at that time and expressing his concern and encouragement for the underachievers.
Zeng Gong from the Guangwen Museum of Reference Translation came from the Nanfeng area (Jiangxi). He wanted to enter Taixue University and asked the examiner for advice together with the students there. Examiners accept talented people from all walks of life and measure them according to unified requirements according to the examination standards.
Those who do not meet the examination requirements will be eliminated; even if they have great and extraordinary talents, if there are subtleties that do not meet the standards, they will be eliminated and dare not be admitted. I am lucky enough to meet a good examiner (who knows he has been wrongfully accused of failing the exam), but he just sympathizes with and feels sorry for him (the failed candidate) like everyone else, as if admission and elimination are none of his business, and excuses himself by saying: "The examiner has examination standards, so what can you do if you can't pass the exam?" ”
The examiner was originally unable to assume the important responsibilities he deserved, and people in the society did not blame the examiner for this. Everyone said: “He failed the exam because there were rules in the exam.”More Unfortunately, if the examiner makes a mistake in grasping the standards, he will often lose a lot of talent and gain very little.
Hey! Are the examination standards that the examiners have really high quality? Why hasn't reform been carried out for so long? What's more, with Zeng Gong's academic level, his excellent articles have reached a magnificent and outstanding state, and ordinary articles are also in line with the examination standards; but the examiner eliminated him, it is really strange! However, Zeng Gong did not blame (the admitted candidates) from the same examination, nor did he blame the examiners. He told me (the idea of ??going back to his hometown to study) that he wanted to (continue) expand his knowledge and stick to his original characteristics. At first I marveled at his articles, and (now) I admire his lofty ambitions.
(Just as) farmers do not blame poor harvests in disaster years but still work diligently to open up wasteland and sow, the harm of floods and droughts will not exist; if you can gain something like this, wouldn't you get it? A lot? Zeng Gong came to the capital with hundreds of thousands of articles in his pocket. No one who studied in the capital asked Zeng Gong for advice, but Zeng Gong did not rely on these articles to seek personnel connections. How dare I ask Zeng Gong (to read the article to me), but he humiliated himself and came to visit me.
This is why the scholars in the capital could not ask him for advice, the examiners lost him, and only I learned about him. (Now) he will return to his hometown, so when he saw these articles, (it) made me feel that Zeng Gong could use these articles to pity the examiner (for his loss) and congratulate me for my unique knowledge and talent. 5. Classical Chinese translation of the preface to the gift of money
The preface to the gift of money (1) Author: [Qing Dynasty] Yao Nai Original text Confucius died and the great path declined (2), after the Confucianism of the Han Dynasty inherited the Qin Dynasty ( 3), at the beginning, he established his own profession, each held a sutra, passed it on to his masters and disciples, and his peers were angry and jealous.
Over time, Confucianism gradually emerged (5), running through the group of scriptures, proving it left and right, and choosing the best theory. Its ruins are mixed with prophecy (6), chaotic with weird and obscene things, and the world ridicules it.
During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, empty talk was based on clear words (7), and chapters and sentences were regarded as dirt. However, the world still loves its rhetoric (8) and cannot bear to abolish it.
It has been more than five hundred years since the north and south were divided (9) and academically different (10). The Tang Dynasty took advantage of both the north and the south, and defined it as Yishu (11), which clearly stated that it was unified, and what was taken was either right or wrong, without compromise (12).
In the Song Dynasty, true Confucianism was the purpose of the sage, and the group of scriptures had some definite opinions (13). The Yuan and Ming dynasties kept it and wrote it as a Gong Order (14).
When the emperor of the Ming Dynasty repeatedly committed political chaos (15), the scholar-bureaucrats maintained discipline and integrity, which made the Ming Dynasty last for a long time and then perished. The effect of Confucianism in the Song Dynasty was great! As far as heaven and earth are concerned (16), things will change over time. Therefore, Xia Shangzhong, Shang Shangzhi, and Zhou Shangwen (17).
The change of scholars is that some great Confucian scholars adhere to their roots and correct their shortcomings (18), and what they admire is better than their reasons, otherwise they are not as good as their reasons. This has been the case since the Han Dynasty. From the end of the Ming Dynasty to the present day, scholars are disgusted with what is recorded in the imperial edicts as customary information, and they also hate the vulgar Confucians who do not do archaeology and keep things close to home. Therefore, they specifically seek out the number of exegesis books (19) on the system of names and objects of the ancients. Gong (20).
What is more serious is that if you want to give up all Cheng Zhu, the scholars of the Han Dynasty will hunt the branches and remove their roots (21), search carefully and leave the big ones behind, Fu Ning is not concealing them (22) ? Qian Jun of Jiading presented it, with strong knowledge and careful thinking, he is the leader of today's scholars. I have tried to tell it with the remaining meaning, but I have not criticized it. Although, he still lives in the capital of Yuanxiao (23).
Mr. Qian is about to return to the south of the Yangtze River and settles in Lingbiao (24). He has traveled thousands of miles without any friends. He only sees mountains, rivers and trees, and hears the strange calls of birds and beasts. He looks around and sees nothing in the world. Therefore, it will be helpful to think about the ancient saints who taught the world the great ones who preceded them, and it will be beneficial to the rest of the discussion. Translation After the death of Confucius, the Great Way declined.
After Qin Shihuang destroyed academic circles, Confucian scholars in the Han Dynasty began to set up specialized schools. Each school held a single scripture, and teachers and students taught it from generation to generation. Peers were angry and jealous, and refused to communicate and understand each other. Each other's scholarship and the principles of the saints are like building walls between each other, blocking the entrances and alleys. As time went by, knowledgeable Confucian scholars gradually appeared, reading various classics, comparing and proving each other, and choosing those that were superior and good.
Later, when he became weak again, he mixed in prophecies and confounded the scholarship with weird, vulgar and trivial things, and the world laughed at this kind of theory. Around the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the trend of empty talk became more and more popular. Scholars regarded being good at talking as elegant and regarded the study of chapters and sentences as dirt. They indulged in eccentricities and became depressed and decadent until the world perished.
However, there are still people in the world who like the words of those good talkers and cannot bear to discard them. From then on, the Southern and Northern Dynasties were divided and confronted each other with different academic opinions, which lasted for more than 500 years.
The Tang Dynasty unified the world, taking into account the strengths of both northern and southern factions, and made sure to interpret the scriptures and their meanings, clearly informing the world to implement them uniformly. However, some of the views taken were correct and some were incorrect, and there was no compromise between right and wrong. Get a generally accepted statement. It was not until the Song Dynasty that the true Confucians understood the gist of the sages, and various scriptures had roughly definite explanations.
The Yuan Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty followed the Confucian views of the Song Dynasty and formulated laws and regulations for seeking fame. When the Ming Dynasty repeatedly saw weak kings and corrupt politics, the scholar-bureaucrats were able to maintain the country's discipline and legal system, and clearly upheld moral integrity, which allowed the Ming Dynasty to last for a long time before it perished. This was probably the effect of Song Confucianism's discussion of mechanics! Besides, the movement of heaven and earth must change over time.
Therefore, the Xia Dynasty advocated loyalty, the Shang Dynasty advocated simplicity, and the Zhou Dynasty advocated culture. When scholars change, if there is a great Confucian who grasps the fundamentals and rectifies the shortcomings, then the one that is praised will be better than the original one, otherwise it will not be able to keep up with the original one. This has been the case since the Han Dynasty.
From the end of the Ming Dynasty to the present, scholars hate that the imperial edicts contain only commonplace things, and some are disgusted by those shallow Confucian scholars who do not study ancient things and are deceived by modern things, so they concentrate on In order to study the ancient system of names and objects, the interpretation of words and sentences, and the knowledge of the six arts, knowledge is measured by extensive consultation, and the goal of efforts is to find faults with each other and criticize each other. What's more serious is that you want to completely abandon Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism and regard Han Confucianism as the authentic one, pick up the details and abandon the fundamentals, search for the subtle but miss the important. Isn't this too confusing? Mr. Qian Xian of Jiading has a strong memory and is good at thinking. He is a leader among scholars today. I once told him my thoughts and he did not reject my opinions.
Despite this, he still lives in a place like the capital, where various schools of thought are mixed together. Qian Jun is about to return to the south of the Yangtze River and to the south of the Five Ridges. He will travel thousands of miles without friends. He can only see the mountains, rivers and tall trees, hear the strange chirping of birds and animals, and look around at the vast sky and the earth. In this kind of situation, Under such circumstances, I bowed my head and thought about the teachings left by the ancient saints to future generations and the purpose of teaching the world to put important things first.
Then your views will become more consistent with mine! Reference: Baidu Library/link?url=KzFoRIvlHDr9ptU8EsZ4x05Ku1oHA0d05kXzbM9jRPH2bCvV93CA6j23UEg-mYSv5pyEeg4ZOrehlfNn5LHpfADGapIHAVbyoRaQkgwYuoG Notes (1) Qian Xianzhi: Qian Yu, a scholar and calligrapher of the Qing Dynasty, Jiang Su Jiading (now Jiading County, Shanghai City) was born in Guanqian Prefecture and Wugong County. He studied philology and geography, and wrote "Shuowen Jiezi Chuan", "Tongzhengshu of Ten Classics", "Supplementary Notes to Historical Records", "Xinbo Zhu Geography", etc. (2) Micro: Decline.
(3) Extermination of learning: refers to Qin Shi Huang’s burning of books and entrapment of Confucian scholars. (4) Peers: Peers, here refers to families of the same generation.
(5) Tongru: a Confucian scholar who is knowledgeable and knowledgeable about ancient and modern times. (6) Prophecy: a theological superstition popular in the Han Dynasty.
"Prophecy" refers to a prophecy, which is a kind of cryptic language or prophecy made by wizards or alchemists as a sign of good or bad fortune. "Wei" refers to the works compiled by Confucian scholars who combined theological superstition with Confucian classics.
(7) Qingyan: also known as Qingtan or Xuanyan. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, people advocated nothingness and liked to talk about fame and theory.
This social atmosphere began in the Wei Dynasty, when He Yan, Xia Houxuan, Wang Bi and others. 6. What is the main content of Han Yu's "Preface to the Scholar King Han as a Scholar"
"Preface to the Scholar King Han as a Scholar" Author: Han Yu When I was young, I read "Records of Zuixiang". In the world, if people still say this, how can they be sincere in taste?
After reading the poems of Ruan Ji and Tao Qian, I realized that although he was embarrassed and did not want to connect with the world, he still could not calm his mind, or he might be inspired by the right and wrong of things. So there are those who run away because of the support.
Ruo Yan's son, who used ladles and baskets, once participated in singing, and his voice was like gold and stone. He learned from the saint Peter. Ji Ji is always out of reach.
He is not busy outside, so why should he run away in a daze due to the support of the crooked tiller? I also thought that the people who were drunk in the hometown would not meet me.
In the early days of Jianzhong, the emperor succeeded to the throne and intended to observe the achievements of Kaiyuan. Ministers in the court argued about matters.
At this time, Zui Xiang and his descendants were directly abolished. I not only lament the literary style of the drunken country, but also cherish the fierceness of the good ministers.
Think about his descendants. Today, when your son comes to see me, he has nothing to hold you back, and I will still hold him open.
Kang's writing and conduct do not lose their originality, they are clean and thick. It's a pity that I can't lift him up, and his words are not believed in the world.
As he goes along, let him drink with him.
7. Classical Chinese translation
When Prime Minister Niu Sengru was applying for the exam, he knew that Yu Di was very accurate in judging people, so he went to Xiangyang to ask him for advice (this was an official custom in the Tang Dynasty, just like Li Bai asked to see Han Same as Jingzhou).
He lived in Xiangyang for several months and met Yu Di twice, but Yu only entertained him like ordinary people. Niu Gong was very annoyed and left. After the Niu Gong left, Yu suddenly called the waiter and asked: "A few days ago, there was a Niu Xiucai, has he left?" The waiter said: "He has left." Yu asked again: "Sent him away. What does he have?" The guest replied, "He gave me five hundred dollars." Yu asked, "Did he accept it?" The guest replied, "The man threw the money in the courtyard and left." Yu Gong was very uneasy and said to the guests around him: "Because of the complicated affairs, I didn't entertain well." He immediately asked one of his men to go after him with a gift of 500 yuan and a written letter, and ordered: " If Niu Xiucai has not left the boundary of Xiangyang, bring him back. If he has left the boundary of Xiangyang, give him the letter."
His men caught up with Niu Gong outside the boundary of Xiangyang and took the letter. I gave it to him, but Niu Gong didn't open the letter, so he bowed and refused. 8. Classical Chinese text "The Scholar Drives Out Monsters" with translation and reading answers
Translation
Xu Yuangong of Changshan County was a scholar of the Ming Dynasty. After the fall of the Ming Dynasty, he gave up his ambition to obtain fame and devoted himself to visiting Taoism and seeking immortality. He gradually learned some magic to exorcise monsters. Most people near and far have heard of his name. There was a rich man in a certain county. On that day he wrote a letter sincerely inviting him, and sent someone to pick him up with money and a horse. Duke Xu Yuan asked, "What's the matter with your master summoning me?" The servant declined and said, "Master just asked me to please come." Duke Xu Yuan followed him.
When Xu Yuangong came to his master's house, the master had set up a banquet in the yard and entertained him very respectfully; but he never said why he was invited. Xu Yuangong couldn't bear it anymore, so he asked his master: "What on earth did you ask me to do? Tell me earlier to clear up the doubts in my mind." The master always said that there was nothing wrong and just persuaded him to drink. His words were hesitant and incomprehensible. While they were talking, it suddenly became dark, and the host invited Xu Yuangong to drink in the garden. The structure of this garden is very delicate, but it is obscured by bamboos and trees, making it look gloomy. The clumps of miscellaneous flowers are mostly hidden among the weeds. When I came to a pavilion, I saw that the roof cover of the pavilion was densely covered with spider webs, large and small, up and down, so messy that I couldn't count them. After a few rounds of wine, the sky gradually became dark, and the host asked him to drink again with the handheld lamp. Xu Yuangong refused to drink any more, so the host ordered the wine to be taken away and tea served. The servants hurriedly removed the wine utensils and dishes, and piled them all on the table in a room on the left. Less than half of the tea was drunk when the host excused himself and left. The servant took the candle and led Xu Yuangong to stay in the room on the left. As soon as he entered the room, the servant put the candle on the table and turned away in a hurry, looking flustered. Xu Yuangong thought he was going to get a bedding to keep him company, but after waiting for a long time, there was no movement at all. He had no choice but to get up and close the door and go to sleep. The bright moonlight outside the window penetrated into the room and shone on the bed. Night birds and autumn insects chirped, which made him feel depressed and unable to sleep.
After a while, Xu Yuangong heard a scratching sound on the pavilion board, which seemed to be footsteps. The sound was very loud, and sometimes it reached the stairs, and sometimes it was close to the door of the room where he slept. Xu Yuangong was so frightened that his hair stood on end, so he hurriedly covered his head with a quilt. At this time, the door of the room suddenly opened. Xu Yuangong secretly lifted the corner of the quilt and took a look, and saw a monster. It has an animal head and a human body, and its whole body is covered with hair like horse mane, which is dark black in color; its pointed teeth are sharp white, and its eyes are shining like lanterns. Go to the desk, lower your head and lick the leftovers on the plate. With one lick of his tongue, several plates were licked clean. Then he approached the bed and sniffed Xu Yuangong's quilt. Xu Yuangong stood up suddenly, covered the monster's head with a quilt, held it down and screamed wildly. The monster was surprised, broke away in surprise, opened the outside door and ran away. Xu Yuangong put on his clothes and ran out, only to find that the garden gate was locked from the outside and he could not get out. He had no choice but to run along the wall and climb out from a low place, which happened to be the owner's stable. The man feeding the horse was surprised. Xu Yuangong told him what happened and asked to stay in the stable for the night.
When it was almost dawn, the master called people to see Xu Yuangong. When he saw that Xu Yuangong was not there, he was shocked. He was later found in the stables.
Xu Yuangong came out of the stable, very angry, and said angrily: "I am not familiar with the magic of exorcising monsters, you asked me to come, and you didn't tell the truth; I had a wishful hook in my pocket, and you didn't bring it to me. , This is going to kill me!" The master apologized and said, "I planned to tell you the truth because I was afraid that you would be embarrassed. We didn't know you had the wishful hook in your pocket. Please spare me the death penalty." Xu Yuangong remained depressed and asked for one. The horse rode home. Since then, the monsters have become extinct. Whenever the host holds a banquet in the garden, he always smiles and says to the guests: "I will never forget Mr. Xu's contribution." [2]
Yishi said: Yellow cats and black cats can catch A mouse is a good cat. This is true. If Xu Sheng had turned over the quilt and screamed, causing the monster to escape, and had hidden his fear and claimed that the monster's escape was entirely due to his ability to exorcise monsters, then the world would have called Xu Sheng a true god and man beyond the reach of ordinary people.