Tang Dynasty (Chinese historical dynasty)
The Tang Dynasty (6 18-907) was a unified Central Plains dynasty after the Sui Dynasty, with a total of 2 1 emperor and enjoyed the country for 289 years.
At the end of the Sui Dynasty, the world was in harmony. In 6 17, Tang Guogong Li Yuan set out for Jinyang and proclaimed himself emperor in Chang 'an the following year. Emperor Taizong advocated the rule of chastity after he ascended the throne. Tang Gaozong inherited the legacy of Zhenguan and initiated the rule of Yonghui. In 690, Wu Zetian took the Tang Dynasty in the Zhou Dynasty and made Luoyang its capital, which was called Wu Zhou in history, creating a situation of running the world and laying the foundation for the emergence of the prosperous Tang Dynasty.
In 705, after the Dragon Revolution, Tang Zhongzong restored the title of the Tang Dynasty. After Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty ascended the throne, he created a prosperous new century in which all ethnic groups came to Korea. At the end of Tianbao, the national population reached about 80 million. After the Anshi Rebellion, the vassal regime became independent, and the eunuchs were authoritarian, which led to the gradual decline of national strength; In the middle and late period, the trend of developing Jingyuan, Huichang and Dazhong was gradually strengthened.
In 878, Huang Chao destroyed the ruling foundation of the Tang Dynasty. In 907, Zhu Wen usurped the throne, the Tang Dynasty perished, and China entered the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. ?
The territory of the Tang Dynasty was unprecedented. At its peak, its territory started from the Sea of Japan in the east, occupied by Annan in the south, the Aral Sea in the west and Lake Baikal in the north. It is the first unified dynasty in China since the Qin Dynasty that did not build the Great Wall of Hu.
After the Tang Dynasty conquered East Turkistan and Xue Yantuo, Emperor Tiandi was honored as Tiankhan by the four clans, and used the imprisonment system to recruit Turkic, Uighur, Tiele, Qidan, Mohong, Shiwei and other vassal states to attack the enemy, so that Japan, Nanzhao, Silla and Bohai could learn their own culture and system.
The economy, society, culture and art of the Tang Dynasty are characterized by diversity and openness. A large number of famous poets have emerged in poetry, calligraphy, painting and music, such as poet Li Bai, poet Du Fu, poet Bai Juyi, calligrapher Yan Zhenqing, painter Wu Daozi and musician Li Guinian. The Tang Dynasty accepted the exchange and study of various countries and formed an open and diverse culture.
The Tang Dynasty was one of the most powerful countries in the world at that time, with a well-known reputation and contacts with Asian and European countries. After the Tang Dynasty, overseas Chinese mostly called themselves Tang people.
Extended data:
The name of the Tang Dynasty is "Tang", which was an ancient place name in the Jin Dynasty. Tang Gaozu tang gaozu's grandfather Li Hu was one of the eight pillars of the Western Wei Dynasty, and posthumous title was the "Tang Gong". Later, the title was passed on to Li Yuan. Li Yuan was left behind in Jinyang, the imperial palace of Sui Dynasty. He set out in the name of respecting Sui and took Chang 'an in every battle. After Emperor Yangdi abdicated, he took Tang as his country name. Because the monarch's surname is Li, it is called the Tang Dynasty. ?
The Tang Dynasty made great achievements in politics, economy, society, culture and diplomacy, and was one of the world powers at that time. The neighboring countries of the Tang Dynasty, Silla, Koguryo, Baekje, Bohai Sea and Japan, were greatly influenced by the Tang Dynasty in political system and social culture.
In the first half of the Tang Dynasty, the economy and society showed an upward trend, the society was advanced and the culture was prosperous. Historically, China was a great dynasty whose culture, art and technology were exported to neighboring countries, and its social atmosphere was inclusive. At the same time, it provided an unprecedented exchange and integration environment for all ethnic groups living in Cyprus since the Sixteen Countries, and the rulers also learned a lot from foreign civilizations.
The late Tang Dynasty was in the transitional period of China's history, and the reform of land, salt and iron, taxation and other systems marked the social changes. The prosperity since the mid-Tang Dynasty is mainly manifested in the prosperity of industry and commerce.
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, referred to as "Xin" for short, with Urumqi as its capital, is located in the northwest border of China, and is one of the five minority autonomous regions in China. With an area of16315.85 million square kilometers, it is the largest provincial administrative region in China, accounting for one sixth of the total land area of China.
Xinjiang is located in the hinterland of Eurasia, with a land border of more than 5,600 kilometers, bordering Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Mongolia, India and Afghanistan. Historically, it was an important passage of the ancient Silk Road, and now it is the only place where the second "Eurasian Continental Bridge" passes, and its strategic position is very important.
There are 47 ethnic groups in Xinjiang, mainly including Han, Uygur, Kazak, Hui, Mongolian, Kirgiz, Xibe, Tajik, Uzbek, Manchu, Daur, Tatar and Russian. It is one of the five minority autonomous regions in China.
In 60 BC, the central government of the Western Han Dynasty established the Western Regions' Capital Protection House, and Xinjiang officially became a part of China's territory. 1884 Qing government established a province in Xinjiang. 1949 peaceful liberation of Xinjiang. 1 955 65438+1October1Xinjiang Autonomous Region was established. There are 14 prefectures, cities and 89 counties (cities) in Xinjiang, including 33 border counties (cities).
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-Tang Dynasty
Baidu Encyclopedia-Xinjiang