He always insisted on resisting gold, and was constantly rejected and hit by the establishment in his official career. In middle age, he entered Shu to resist gold, and his long-term military life enriched his literary content, and his works revealed great brilliance and became an outstanding poet. "swallowing the remnants." When the Northern Song Dynasty perished, he was deeply influenced by patriotic thoughts in his family when he was a teenager. Shaoxing Zhongying does not try, which was rejected by Qin Gui. Filial piety acceded to the throne, giving Jinshi origin.
His artistic creation of poetry inherits the fine traditions of Qu Yuan, Tao Yuanming, Du Fu and Su Shi, and he is an outstanding poet with far-reaching influence in the cultural history of our country. His main works include Collected Works of Weinan, Poems of Jiannan, Poems of Fangweng, Book of Southern Tang Dynasty and Notes of Laoxuean.
There are two main aspects in his works: on the one hand, he is passionate about revenge for the country, restoring the lost territory and liberating the occupied people; On the one hand, it is leisurely and delicate, chewing out the deep and eternal taste of daily life, and ironing out the twists and turns of the current scenery. His students praised him and said: "On poetry, it is more than crossing the south, and the grass has taken a fancy to the northern expedition"; An old man in the Song Dynasty praised him and said, "The predecessors commented on Song's poems after crossing the south, and imitated Du with Lu Wu's view, in order not to forget the Central Plains, which is the same as the fact of worshipping Juan." It is Du Fu's lack of realm, so it is not very accurate to say that Lu You is "the same as the fact of worshipping Juan", and he has not yet known his special place. Patriotism saturated Lu You's whole life and permeated all his works. He saw a picture of a horse and met some flowers. Hearing a wild goose cry, drinking a few glasses of wine and writing a few lines of cursive script will arouse the feelings of patriotism and national humiliation, and the blood will boil, and this craze will rush out of the boundary of his sober life during the day and flood into his dreams. This is also not found in other people's poetry collections.
Calligraphy
The title of Lu You is covered by the title of poetry, and Lu You is also a calligrapher, proficient in cursive and regular script. He called himself "Zhang Dian in cursive script (Zhang Xu) and Yang Feng in running script (condensed form)." His calligraphy is simple, handy, elegant, elegant and upright, and his brushwork is vigorous and unrestrained in his later years. Zhu Xi called his writing exquisite, elegant and elegant, with lofty intentions. There are not many books left behind, and the book theory includes the book of two kings on learning. The masterpieces handed down from generation to generation include Bitter Cold Post and Poem Post in Chengdu.
Lu You
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Anecdote Story
Lu You, a famous patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, suffered great twists and turns in his life. His career was not only bumpy, but also his love life was unfortunate.
In the fourteenth year of Shaoxing, Song Gaozong, Lu You, at the age of twenty, married his cousin Tang Wan. The two were childhood friends and treated each other as guests after marriage. However, Tang Wan's brilliant talent and intimate feelings with Lu You caused Lu Mu's dissatisfaction (a woman without talent is virtue), and finally developed into forcing Lu You to divorce her. Lu You and Tang Wan have deep feelings and don't want to be separated. He begged his mother again and again and was scolded by her. Under the suppression of feudal ethics, despite all kinds of complaints, they finally came to the point of "holding hands and looking at each other with tears."
Truth: According to Lu You's own poems in his later years (Book XIV of "Bo Nan Poetry"), Tang Wan was expelled by her in-laws because she was infertile.
Lu You was forced by her mother's orders, so she reluctantly separated from Tang Wan. Later, Lu You married Wang according to her mother's wishes, and Tang Wan was forced by her father to marry Zhao Shicheng of the same county. The happy marriage of the young couple was thus broken up.
One spring ten years later, 31-year-old Lu You wandered alone in Shenyang Garden in Shanyin City with a melancholy mood. Just as he was sitting alone drinking and drowning his sorrows, suddenly he accidentally saw Tang Wan and her remarried husband Zhao Shicheng. The two exchanged a few commonplaces. Tang Wan and her husband left.
Although he had been separated from Tang Wan for many years at this time, his feelings for Tang Wan were not completely shaken off. He thought that in the past, Tang Wan was his beloved wife, but now she belongs to others, like a willow in the forbidden palace, just beyond my reach.
At the thought of this, grief suddenly welled up in my mind. He put down his glass and was about to pull away. When he got home, he ordered a pot of wine and four dishes that Lu You liked to eat personally. When Lu You saw Tang Wan's move, he realized her affection. Two lines of tears poured down, and he lifted his head and drank this cup of bitter wine from Tang Wan. Then on the powder wall, I wrote the poem "Hairpin Phoenix", which is the eternal swan song:
Hairpin Phoenix travels on the land
Red crisp hands, rattan wine, and spring willows in the city; Dongfeng evil, who is in a weak mood, is in a melancholy mood, and has been separated for several years. Wrong! Wrong! Wrong!
Spring is the same, people are thin and empty, and tears are red and full of tears; Peach blossom falls, idle pool pavilion, although the mountain alliance is there, it is difficult to entrust the book, Mo! Mo! Mo!
In this poem, Lu You expresses his sadness, guilt, deep affection for Tang Wan and his dissatisfaction with his mother's beating Yuanyang.
After Lu You wrote the inscription, he took a deep look at Tang Wan and left with disappointment. After Lu You left, Tang Wan stood there alone and read the word "Hairpin Phoenix" several times from beginning to end. She could no longer control her feelings and burst into tears. When she got home, her sorrow and resentment were hard to solve, so she also wrote a poem "Hairpin Phoenix": Hairpin Phoenix Tang Wan
The world is thin, human feelings are evil, and flowers are easy to fall in the evening when it rains; The breeze is dry, the tears are residual, I want to worry, and it is difficult to talk alone! Difficult! Difficult!
Every man becomes his own man, and today is not yesterday, and the sick soul is often like a thousand years ago. The horn is cold, the night is dim, I'm afraid of being asked, I swallow my tears and pretend to be happy, but I hide it! Hide! Hide!
Tang Wan soon died of depression and resentment.
After that, Lu You went north to fight against gold and moved to Sichuan and Sichuan. After decades of hard work, he still couldn't get rid of the poet's attachment. He was 63 years old, "I came back to sew a pillow bag with chrysanthemums, and I felt sad". He also wrote two poems with sentimental words:
Yellow flowers were picked as pillow bags, and the screen was deep and stuffy.
call back the dream of forty-three years, and no one says heartbroken when the lights are dim!
In a few days, I wrote a poem about chrysanthemum pillow, and I made up a residual manuscript to lock spider silk.
everything in the world is exhausted, only the fragrance is like the old days!
When he was sixty-seven, he revisited the Shenyuan Garden, and saw that half of the title "Hairpin Phoenix" was broken, touching the scene and filled with emotion, and he wrote a poem:
The maple leaves are yellow at the beginning, and the rivers are worried about the new frost.
When Lin Ting looks back, who can say that Quan Lu is heartbroken?
The bad wall is drunk and dusty, and the clouds are broken and the dreams are boundless.
Over the years, the delusions have been eliminated, and I have returned to the Pu niche with a fragrance.
At the age of seventy-five, the poet lived near the Shen Garden. In this year, Tang Wan passed away for forty years. "Every time you enter the city, you must go to the temple to look out, but you can't win the feelings." He revisited his hometown and wrote the poem "Shen Garden" with pen and tears: (1) The setting sun on the city painted a corner of sorrow, and Shen Garden was not a revival of the pool platform. Under the sad bridge, the spring waves are green, and it used to be a stunning photo.
(2) forty years after the dream is broken and the fragrance disappears, the willow in Shenyuan will not fly. This body is a land of mountains and mountains, and it is still a trace of death!
In a misty and rainy garden, in a trance, an old white-haired poet, Lu You, was walking slowly across the sad bridge, wandering among the fallen leaves on the ground. There is no cicada sound, no corner painting, only an old man silently staring at the broken wall catkins.
The poet is eighty-one, and he wrote a poem about sleepwalking in Shen's Garden Pavilion. He wrote:
The road near the south of the city is already afraid of walking, but it is even worse in Shen's homeland. The fragrance wears plum blossoms on the guest sleeves, and the green temple bridge is born in spring.
it's spring in the small town in the south of the city, but plum blossoms are nowhere to be seen. Jade bone has been a spring for a long time, and the ink marks still lock the dust between the walls.
these two poems are related with plum blossom as the main image, which not only shows their own sentiment "falling into mud and grinding into dust, only fragrance remains the same", but also shows Tang Wan's noble character and tenacious moral integrity, and even shows their love. Although they have experienced the wind and frost of the world, they will remain unchanged.
The poet was eighty-four years old, only one year before his death. He revisited the Shen Garden again and missed Tang Wan, which he will never forget until his death.
The poem "Spring Tour" says: The flowers in Shenjiayuan are like brocade, and half of them are blooming in those days.
I also believe that a beautiful woman will eventually die, and it's too late to dream.
I know that I am dying, but I still miss the couple of that day. This dream lasted for 5 years-half a century. Although I still feel in a hurry, I won it forever. This is the poet's noble sentiment and lofty spiritual realm.
Starting from the well-known word "Hairpin Phoenix", the legendary singing of Tang Wan, and several poems that he mourned for Tang Wan with the theme of Shen Yuan several decades later, Lu You wrote a touching and touching love tragedy with his life. [7]?
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Lu You and Cuisine
People all know that Lu You is a famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, but few people know that he is also an expert in cooking. In his poems, there are hundreds of poems about delicious food, and he also describes the delicious food in Wuzhong (now Suzhou) and Sichuan at that time, many of which are unique views on diet.
Lu You's cooking skill is very high, and he often cooks himself. Once, he cooked a sumptuous banquet with local materials, bamboo shoots, bracken and pheasants, which made the guests "eat poop" and praised him. He is also very conceited about his own scallion noodles, thinking that the taste can be comparable to that of the "Sutuo" (fried cake) enjoyed by immortals. He also used Chinese cabbage, radish, sweet potato, taro and other home-cooked vegetables to make sweet soup, which was followed by residents in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces.
Lu You said in the poem "Spring Scenery in Dongting" that there is a sentence that "there is no meaning in the world, how can we exchange it for jade and silk?" This "jade and jade" refers to the "golden jade and jade" praised by Emperor Yangdi as "delicious in the southeast". "Fish fillets" are sliced thin; "Limulus" means chopped pickles or pickles, which also means "finely chopped". "Golden Jade" is mainly made of frosted white perch mixed with finely cut golden-colored mosaic vegetables. "Si Chun" is a soup made of Chinese Chun silk, which is also a famous dish in Wu. These dishes praised by Lu You in his poems were really famous dishes at that time. Lu You is an amateur cooking master no less than Su Dongpo. In his poems, there are hundreds of poems about cooking. For example, the poem that records that he can cook (noodles) and vegetables (soup) has "Suduo in the sky for offering, but it is not easy to know", that is to say, the noodles made of scallion oil are just like Suduo in the sky (that is, crisp). He wrote down the practice of "sweet soup" in the preface of "Eating Every Meat in a Mountain House": "Take shepherd's purse, yam, taro and vegetable stalks as miscellaneous food, and do not use soy sauce, but cook them with delicacies in the mountains." And poetry day: "I always live in a handful of Mao by the lake, and when I talk about the village, I have food and wine." In the past few years, the sweet soup method has been passed down, which is even more ridiculous for Wu Suan. " "Today, Shan Weng autonomous kitchen, fine food is not like living in poverty. After the white goose is roasted with American and Canadian peppers, the golden pheasant soup is fragrant at the beginning of the black bean. The arrow is crisp and sweet to bully the snow fungus, and the fern bud is tender and tender to press the spring vegetables. I have been looking at the sky for a lifetime, and I have more than enough bowel movements. " This shows that Lu You is good at cooking and loves cooking.
It is precisely because Lu You appreciates these famous dishes in his hometown that when he travels in Sichuan, he will express his homesickness from time to time by missing the dishes in his hometown, and he wrote the poem "I have been living in exile for ten years and remembered cooking in the south".