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Hosting art, as a discipline, involves phonetics, linguistics, radio and television, communication, literature, psychology, sociology, aesthetics and so on. It has its own law of contradictory movement, its own essential stipulation, uniqueness and creativity. Broadcasting major is defined as an art discipline, and we often need to analyze it from an artistic perspective and study it from an artistic perspective.
First of all, about the second creation.
Generally speaking, only artistic things are called "creation". The word "art" has many meanings, and its core "art" has several meanings: skill, art and criterion. The artistry of broadcasting and program hosting exists objectively, on the one hand, because they both have special criteria and specific laws; On the other hand, their practical operation is creative. Broadcasting form is a manifestation of audio language art, which is produced according to text symbols; And the program host, in the big broadcast category, is a kind of broadcast without a manuscript, that is, broadcast without a written manuscript as the basis. Since there is no written manuscript as the basis, we have to rely on "intentional manuscript" or "improvisation" to compare with scripted broadcasting. The difficulty of scriptless broadcasting lies in the transformation from internal language to external language. It is emphasized that broadcasting hosting is a second creation because the concept of broadcasting is developing. According to the general law of creation, broadcast hosting activities have four creative elements: the first element is a clear purpose. As propagandists of the party and the people, the purpose of our broadcast host is to transmit information, spread knowledge, serve the audience, implement the party's propaganda policy and realize the party's propaganda purpose. This purpose is large and small, with long-term and short-term purposes. The second element is hard work. In order to realize the propaganda purpose of radio and television, the main body of radio creation must work hard and share the essence of human labor achievements with more people through our communication. Some people think that the manuscript was written by others, and we broadcast something without ourselves. This view is wrong. Writing and broadcasting are both creations, and they are two different forms of creation. Sometimes it takes more effort to broadcast other people's manuscripts than to broadcast your own. Because we broadcast the manuscript written by others, we still have a process of understanding and feeling, and a process of integrating with the creator's thoughts. Xu Shirong, a famous linguist in China, once pointed out that "written language" is knowledge, and "spoken language" is also knowledge, and both writing and speaking are the transmission of information. The third element is the transformation of form. Broadcasting is an activity that transforms words into audio language for communication, and hosting is no exception. It is a kind of communication that transforms thinking into internal language and then into external language. In the process of communication, the art of broadcast hosting has completed the morphological changes from static to dynamic, from silence to sound. The fourth element is to have some form of results. Good broadcasting and hosting works are artistic achievements, and their value is embodied in publicity and artistry, and in the process of transmitting information, spreading beauty and serving the people. The creation of broadcasting and hosting works has practical value and aesthetic value, and the packaging capacity, high depth and aesthetic significance of exquisite audio language play a decisive role in education and encouragement.
To sum up, it is enough to prove that broadcasting and hosting artistic activities is a creative labor. Of course, not every broadcast and hosting activity of every announcer and host is a creation. Perfunctory, follow one's inclinations, nonsense, not creation. It is just an emotional, indifferent, targeted and colorful creation. Among them, we should not only recognize the complexity and diversity of radio creation, but also acknowledge the stipulation and direction of the creative path and adhere to the correct creative path. It can be simply stated as: in the process of "understanding the manuscript-specific feelings-the form in the voice-and the audience", we strive to achieve the unity of correct understanding and accurate expression, achieve the unity of thoughts, feelings and language skills, the unity of program content and expression, and pursue the unity of sound, emotion and meaning.
Second, about "self-discipline and heteronomy"
Art is always connected. Among many art forms, music is probably the most admired by people. Music art is more or less compared with other kinds of art, including broadcasting art, and we always compare it with the appearance and function of music out of eager expectation. Unfortunately, this comparison is too simple and superficial. The similarities and differences between the two art forms can only be instructive by comparing the corresponding laws. Since broadcasting is regarded as art, we can't avoid the problem of self-discipline or heteronomy, but the core of audio language is not sound, but language. The direction of language is both concrete and stable, which is inevitably related to concrete things. It is precisely because the "second degree" of broadcasting creation is based on the "first degree" of written language, so in this sense, the heteronomy characteristics of broadcasting art are more obvious. Here, the "second degree" sound becomes "form", while the "first degree" language becomes "content", and the voice form of spoken language almost completely obeys the law of life language. However, this does not mean that spoken English has no self-discipline, otherwise, it will be difficult to become an "art". Different from the heteronomy and self-discipline of music, with the independence of music hedonism (referring to pop music), the self-discipline and heteronomy of audio language have not reached a point. When the audio language uses various methods and techniques in the broadcasting system to express the text content, the sound form also unconsciously forms a certain free law. This law of freedom shows some independence of "form", which makes the correspondence between "form" and language content not inevitable (for example, the sound form of "treble" does not necessarily mean "impassioned" content). As a result, oral English has been "self-disciplined" to some extent. Although this law is ignored because of the obvious "heteronomy" characteristics of radio creation, it must exist as an art form. Art always has its inherent laws, both the universality of art forms and the particularity of broadcasting hosting art as a comprehensive art. Only by deeply understanding and analyzing the phenomena brought about by these laws can we have a clear understanding of the purpose and future of broadcasting creation. Only in this way can we better understand and master the methods and means of broadcasting creation.
Third, about "artistic synaesthesia"
Synaesthesia of broadcast host art means that announcers and hosts can learn from various arts and even master them in their long-term creative practice. At the same time, in daily life, we can always feel things and gain insight into our hearts, so as to meet the needs of both sides and promote our creation. The existence of synaesthesia is by no means mysterious as some people think, nor does it only exist in the hearts of a few "geniuses". In the creation and discussion of broadcasting predecessors, there are countless examples involving synaesthesia. "Qi Yue's broadcasting benefited from his numerous reciting language senses from" Social Opera "to" The Colosseum of Ancient Rome ",which made him form a reciting expression of introverted beauty; Xia Qing's broadcasting benefited from his awareness of reading aloud from 300 Tang Poems to China's View of Ancient Literature, which made him form a reading and wonderful expression feature (Jin Kaicheng: On the Psychology of Literature and Art, 185). The announcer Fang Ming likes calligraphy very much. Drawing lessons from the general principle of "strength is beauty" in calligraphy, he pursued a magnificent and free-and-easy style in broadcasting creation. Language sense is a three-dimensional psychological induction circle, the size and depth vary from person to person. The bigger, thicker, deeper and heavier the induction coil is, the greater its tolerance and the more aesthetic enjoyment it gives people. What we call artistic synaesthesia is mainly a special cognitive achievement that the creative subject of the broadcast host consciously applies to creative labor. Only when people give full play to their subjective initiative in professional practice and always pay attention to other things with a "professional eye" on the basis of understanding the laws of their major, can they be good at not only feeling some connection between other things and their professional work, but also linking different feelings in their psychological activities. A lot of practice has proved that artistic synaesthesia provides a lot of knowledge and indirect representation for many broadcast artists, and its profound significance lies in its rational, emotional and aesthetic influence on broadcasters and hosts. This kind of edification has long influenced the creative quality and style of broadcast hosts. Through the discussion of artistic synaesthesia, we may be able to see its important role in the growth of announcers and hosts more concretely. Because it is in the cultivation of culture and art and the practice of social life that artistic synaesthesia will get the deepest and lasting brewing in the creation of broadcast hosts.
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