A 20-word introduction to the Four Great Classics, a 15-word introduction to the Four Great Classics
1. Introduction to "A Dream of Red Mansions"
"A Dream of Red Mansions" is one of the four classic Chinese classics First, there is a chapter novel written by Cao Xueqin, a writer from the Qing Dynasty. In the early days, only the first 80 chapters were circulated in manuscript, originally called "The Story of the Stone". Cheng Weiyuan collected the remaining manuscripts of the last forty chapters and invited Gao E to collaborate and publish the complete version of the one hundred and twenty chapters, which he named "A Dream of Red Mansions". There are also versions of "Jin Yu Yuan" and "Zhi Yanzhai's Re-evaluation of the Story of Stone".
"A Dream of Red Mansions" is a world-influential human romance novel, universally recognized as the pinnacle of Chinese classical novels, an encyclopedia of Chinese feudal society, and a master of traditional culture. The novel takes the rise and fall of the four major families of Jia, Wang, Shi and Xue as the background, with the family trivia and boudoir leisurely affairs of the Jia family as the center, and the love and marriage stories of Jia Baoyu, Lin Daiyu and Xue Baochai as the main line, describing the twelve beauties of Jinling. The human beauty and tragic beauty of the book praise the rebellious characters who pursue the light. Through the tragic fate of the rebels, it foresees the inevitable demise of feudal society and reveals the crisis of feudal apocalypse.
2. Introduction to "Water Margin"
Shi Naian's novel "Water Margin" contains extremely vivid life scenes and colorful characters. Water Margin 108 will have different identities. They have different temperaments and are a strange flower in ancient Chinese novels. The text of "Four Classic Paintings by Famous Painters - Water Margin" incorporates 293 traditional Chinese paintings, which were jointly painted by 41 famous traditional Chinese paintings such as Dai Guobang, He Youzhi, and Chen Baiyi. The painters painted vivid life scenes with their skillful hands. , the characters and plots are vivid and have profound meaning.
3. Introduction to "Journey to the West"
"Journey to the West" is one of the four classic Chinese classics. It is the first romantic novel in ancient China created by the novelist Wu Chengen of the Ming Dynasty. A long novel about gods and demons. It mainly describes the story of Sun Wukong, Zhu Bajie, Sha Monk, and White Dragon Horse during the Zhenguan period of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty. They protected Tang Monk on his journey to the west to obtain Buddhist scriptures. They went through many hardships along the way (including the tribulations between Tang Monk's birth and the time before he obtained Buddhist scriptures - the Nine-Nine Eighty-one Difficulties), and defeated demons along the way. The story of defeating demons, turning danger into safety, and finally reaching the Western Heaven and obtaining the true scripture. ("The Records of the Western Regions of the Tang Dynasty" and "The Biography of Master Ci'en Temple of the Tang Dynasty" have detailed records of this matter). It is based on "The Poems of Tripitaka of the Tang Dynasty" and folklore.
4. Introduction to "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms"
"The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is one of the four classic Chinese classics. Its full name is "The Popular Romance of the Three Kingdoms". Written by Luo Guanzhong, a novelist in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties, it is China's first full-length retrospective historical romance novel. It describes the historical events of nearly 100 years from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the early years of the Western Jin Dynasty. The whole book reflects the political and military struggles of the Three Kingdoms era, reflects the transformation of various social contradictions in the Three Kingdoms era, summarizes the great historical changes of this era, and creates a group of all-powerful heroes.
The Four Great Classical Chinese Novels, referred to as the Four Great Classics, refer to the four masterpieces "A Dream of Red Mansions", "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Water Margin" and "Journey to the West". The Four Great Classics are classic works in the history of Chinese literature and precious cultural heritage in the world.
The Four Great Classical Chinese Novels, referred to as the Four Great Classics, refer to the four masterpieces "A Dream of Red Mansions", "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Water Margin" and "Journey to the West".
The Four Great Classics are classic works in the history of Chinese literature and precious cultural heritage in the world. The status of these four masterpieces in the history of Chinese literature is indistinguishable. They all have extremely high literary standards and artistic achievements. Their meticulous depictions and profound thoughts have been praised by readers of all ages. The stories, scenes, and characters in them have been praised by readers of all ages. It has profoundly influenced the Chinese people's ideas and value orientation. They can be described as four great monuments in the history of Chinese literature.
Title of work
Four Great Classical Novels
Foreign language title
Four Great Classical Novels
Alias ??of the work
Chinese
Year of creation
Ancient China
Source of the work
Luo Guanzhong, Shi Naian, Cao Xueqin, (organized by Gao E), Wu Chengen
Literary genre
Documentary
Author
Luo Guanzhong, Shi Nai An, Wu Chengen, Cao Xueqin
Meaning
Intangible cultural heritage
Type
Novel
Narrative Style
Chapter Chapter Four Great Classics Introduction to the Four Great Classics Who are the authors of the Four Great Classics
Romance of the Three Kingdoms
Author: (late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty) Luo Guanzhong
Full name: Popular Romance of the Three Kingdoms
***One Hundred and Twenty Chapters
Introduction to the Romance of the Three Kingdoms: Based on Chen Shou's "Three Kingdoms" and Fan Ye's "The Later Han Dynasty" "Book", the Yuan Dynasty's "Three Kingdoms" and some folklore. The Jiajing version of the Ming Dynasty is the earliest, divided into 24 volumes and 240 chapters. In the early Qing Dynasty, Mao Zonggang made some modifications and became the current 120-chapter version.< /p>
The Romance of the Three Kingdoms story begins with Liu Bei, Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei becoming sworn brothers in Taoyuan, and ends with Wang Junping and Wu. It describes the military and political struggles between Wei, Shu, and Wu in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms era. The text is simple and The characters are deeply portrayed, the plot is tortuous, and the structure is grand.
"Water Margin"
Also known as: Water Margin of Loyalty
Author: (late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty) Shi Naian, Luo Guanzhong
Ming Gaoru's "Baichuan Shuzhi" recorded the copy he found, and it was signed "Qiantang Shi Naian's copy, compiled by Luo Guanzhong". Hu Yinglin's "Shaoshi Shanfang Bi Cong" believes that It was written by Shi Naian, and Wang Qi's "Tongkao of Xuwen" believed that it was written by Luo Guanzhong.
Introduction to Water Margin: The author created it based on "The Legacy of Xuanhe" and related scripts and stories. The main theme of the book is the description of the peasant war, and it portrays Liangshan heroes such as Li Kui, Wu Song, Lin Chong, Lu Zhishen, and Song Jiang, and reveals the social contradictions at that time. The story has twists and turns, the language is vivid, and the characters have distinctive personalities, which makes it a high artistic achievement.
Water Margin version: During the circulation of Water Margin, many different versions have appeared. What we see now are mainly the 100-chapter version, the 120-chapter version and the 70-chapter version. The 100-chapter version was released after the "recruitment" , there are plots such as the "conquest of Liao" and the suppression of Fangla's uprising; the 120th chapter also added the plot of the suppression of Tian Hu and Wang Qing. Later Jin Shengtan deleted the book, removed the recruitment and subsequent events, and called it 70th chapter (actual (71 chapters).
"Journey to the West"
Author: (Ming Dynasty) Wu Cheng'en
***One Hundred Chapters
Journey to the West Introduction: Journey to the West is based on the folklore story of Monk Tang’s quest for Buddhist scriptures and related scripts and dramas (composed by Yang Na in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty). The first seven chapters of Journey to the West describe the birth of Sun Wukong, including the havoc in the Heavenly Palace and other stories. After that, the story of Sun Wukong followed Monk Tang to the West to learn scriptures, slaying demons and demons and overcoming difficulties along the way. The images of Monk Tang, Sun Wukong, Zhu Bajie, Sha Seng and others are vividly depicted in the book, with a grand scale and complete structure.
"A Dream of Red Mansions"< /p>
Original name: The Story of the Stone
Authors: (Qing Dynasty) Cao Xueqin, Gao E
There are one hundred and twenty chapters of A Dream of Red Mansions, the first eighty of which were written by Cao Xueqin , the last forty chapters are generally believed to be written by Gao E. The eighty chapters written by Cao E were circulated in the form of manuscripts during the writing and revision process. In the fiftieth year of Qianlong (1791), Cheng Weiyuan compiled the first eighty chapters and the last forty chapters. The continuation manuscript was printed with movable type, and the 120-chapter version has been popular since then. However, the text of the first 80 chapters has been changed.
Introduction to Dream of Red Mansions: Dream of Red Mansions was written in the mid-18th century during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. Its content Taking the four major families of Jia, Wang, Shi and Xue as the background, and taking the love tragedy of Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu as the main line, it focuses on describing the story of Jia Jiarong's Mansion and Ningguo Mansion.
The whole process from prosperity to decline. The language of the work is beautiful and vivid, good at depicting characters, and has created distinctive characters such as Jia Baoyu, Lin Daiyu, Wang Xifeng, Xue Baochai, You Sanjie, etc. The book is large in scale and rigorous in structure. 100 words of introduction to the four famous works
1 Introduction to the Four Great Classics
Introduction to the Romance of the Three Kingdoms
"The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" was originally called "The Popular Romance of the Three Kingdoms", also known as "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms". It is an ancient Chinese novel The pioneering work of Zhang Hui novels, it is also the most representative long historical romance novel in my country. The text of the book is not very profound, and the language is not very vulgar.
It is concise, lively, full of momentum and lively.
Luo Guanzhong (1330-1400), named Huhai Sanren, was a popular novelist in the Ming Dynasty. It is said that he once served as the secret agent of Zhang Shicheng, a peasant uprising army in the late Yuan Dynasty. He also wrote popular novels such as "Zhibiography of the Sui and Tang Dynasties" and dramas such as "The Legend of Zhao Taizu, Dragon and Tiger".
"The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" describes the historical events of nearly a hundred years from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the early years of the Western Jin Dynasty. The whole book reflects the political and military struggles of the Three Kingdoms era and the penetration and transformation of various social contradictions, shaping a group of all-powerful heroes.
The main tendency of respecting Liu and opposing Cao in Luo Guanzhong's era implied the people's hope for the rejuvenation of the Han nationality. Today we should have a dialectical understanding of this tendency of the author.
"The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" depicts nearly 200 characters, among which the most successful ones include Zhuge Liang, Cao Cao, Guan Yu, Liu Bei and others. Zhuge Liang is the incarnation of the "virtuous prime minister" in the author's mind. He has the noble character of "devoting his whole life to the end of his life"
Liang Jie, and has the ambition to help the people and recreate a peaceful and prosperous age in modern times, and the author also gives He has the miraculous ability to call upon the wind and rain, and make miraculous calculations. Cao Cao was a traitor. His creed in life was "I would rather teach the world to betray me than teach the world to betray me." The conspirators cannot be confused with the real Cao Cao in history. Guan Yu is "mighty and resolute" and "righteous as heavy as a mountain". But his loyalty is based on personal grievances, not the great justice of the country and the nation. Liu Bei is portrayed by the author as a model of a benevolent king who loves people and things, values ??virtuous people, and knows people well.
Appreciation of "Water Margin"
"Water Margin" is also known as "Water Margin of Loyalty" and "Biography of Rivers and Lakes Heroes". The story of the Song Jiang Uprising during the Song, Jin and Yuan Dynasties was processed and compiled into a storybook. More than 200 years later, Shi Naian wrote China's first vernacular novel "Water Margin" based on the storybook, folk tales, and operas.
It is a milestone in the history of the development of vernacular literature in my country.
"Water Margin" artistically describes the entire process of the formation, development and even failure of the peasant uprising team represented by Song Jiang in Shandong in the late Northern Song Dynasty. The novel begins with Gao Qiu's rise to power and persecutes Wang Zhongjing, closely following the meaning of the title "***", and successively describes the experiences of 108 heroes such as Lu Zhishen, Lin Chong, Chao Gai, and Song Jiang who were forced to go to Liangshan. From Lin Chonghuo and Wang Lun to the gathering of heroes at Bailong Temple, the Liangshan team was basically formed; Chao Gai of Zengtou City died unfortunately, and Song Jiang took over as the leader and continued
to recruit heroes to resist the official army and settled in Liangshan Gather the heroes and arrange their seats. This is the basic content of the seven ten chapters. The 100-chapter edition follows "Seating Arrangement" and describes the Liangshan hero's two victories against Tong Guan and three defeats against Gao Qiu, whose reputation shocked the government and the public. Then he accepted the imperial court's invitation to conquer the Liao invaders in the north and won a complete victory. But in the suppression of the Fangla Uprising, most of the Liangshan heroes died. The 120-chapter version also inserts the story of "Tian Hu and Wang Qing" in the middle, and the ending is the same as the 100-chapter version: a vigorous peasant uprising finally failed.
Introduction to "Journey to the West"
"Journey to the West" is compiled and written based on folk anecdotes and dramas about Tang Xuanzang's trip to Tianzhu to obtain Buddhist scriptures. The book is divided into three parts:
The first part tells the history of Sun Wukong (chapters one to seven)
The second part tells the origin of Tang Monk’s Buddhist scriptures (eighth chapter) Go back to Chapter 12)
The third part describes the process of Tang Monk and others obtaining scriptures, which is the process of the Eighty-one Difficulties (Chapter 13 to Chapter 99)
< p> Some scholars pointed out that "Journey to the West" uses the human world as a blueprint to describe the heavenly palace, allowing readers to use the Sun Wukong who conquers demons to reflect the chaos in real society.Wu Cheng'en used his active romanticism to create "Journey to the West" with rich imagination and unique character conception. The painting depicts humans and monsters as one. Among them, the image of Sun Wukong is more vivid and prominent. He is brave and witty. I also like to fight with my junior brothers
The fighting spirit, full of humanity, and vivid descriptions of other characters' plots make "Journey to the West" not only a complete mythological novel in the history of Chinese art, but also full of bizarre and changing supernatural plots. Popular with foreign readers. A 10-word introduction to the Four Great Classics
An introduction to the Four Great Classics:
Journey to the West, Tang Monk and his disciples experienced ninety-nine and eighty-one difficulties to obtain the true scriptures and achieve enlightenment.
< p> The Dream of Red Mansions, the rise and fall of a family.The Water Margin, the uprising of heroes in Liangshan.
The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Wei, Shu and Wu, fighting for the Han Dynasty. An introduction to the four famous works "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" Author: Luo Guanzhong (about 1330-about 1400)
Main content: The story begins with Liu Bei, Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei becoming sworn brothers in Taoyuan, and ends with Sima's destruction of Wu and Kaijin. It mainly describes wars and reflects The political and military struggles between the three political groups of Wei, Shu, and Wu demonstrated the historical events of nearly a hundred years from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the early years of the Western Jin Dynasty, and successfully created a number of all-powerful heroes.
Author of "Water Margin": Shi Naian (1296-1370)
Main content: It is the first long novel in Chinese history written in ancient vernacular to praise the peasant uprising. The chapter-style block structure novel takes the uprising army led by Song Jiang as the main theme. Through a series of vivid stories of Liangshan heroes resisting oppression and heroic struggle, it exposes the decadence and brutality of the ruling class in the late Northern Song Dynasty, and reveals the sharply opposed social contradictions and " ***"The cruel reality.
Author of "Journey to the West": Wu Chengen (1501-1582), courtesy name Ruzhong, nicknamed Sheyangshanren
Main content: The first seven chapters describe the birth of Sun Wukong and the great events Stories such as Havoc in Heaven. After that, he wrote the story of Sun Wukong following Monk Tang to learn Buddhist scriptures from the West, eliminating demons and demons and overcoming difficulties along the way. The characters of Tang Monk, Sun Wukong, Zhu Bajie, and Sha Monk are vividly depicted in the book, with a large scale and complete structure. Moreover, "Journey to the West" is rich in Buddhist color, and its hidden meaning is very far-reaching. There are different opinions and opinions. It can be appreciated from multiple perspectives including Buddhism, Taoism, and secularism. It is a great romantic literary work among Chinese classical novels.
Author of "Dream of Red Mansions": Cao Xueqin (about 1715-about 1763), named Zhan, courtesy name Mengruan, and pseudonym Xueqin
Main content: It tells the story that happened in a fictional dynasty People and things in the feudal family, among which the emotional entanglement between Jia Baoyu, Lin Daiyu and Xue Baochai is the main line. Through the description of some daily events, it reflects the women in the Grand View Garden of Jia Mansion, mainly the Twelve Hairpins of Jinling. Love, hate and sorrow. At the same time, the sub-line from Jia's mansion to decline and decline reflects the decline of a large family and the ugly inner nature of this seemingly gorgeous family.