These are the 9 virtues of Buddha, also known as Buddha Number 9. In Northern Buddhism, Tathagata is also added to it and is called Buddha No. 10. The clear and sufficient conduct is one, and the good passing away is one. Most of the books are translated as "Knowing one's actions well and passing away well".
Explanation of "Knowledge and Action" (Vijjā-carana-sampanno):
"Knowledge and Action" means both wisdom and virtue. But this does not only refer to worldly wisdom and virtue, but mainly to the ultimate wisdom and virtue that can lead to liberation. This ultimate wisdom-clarity is the three clarities: (1) destiny clarification (2) celestial eye clarification (3) outflow (extinction of troubles) clarification. The first two items are to see the true phenomenon of reincarnation of oneself and all sentient beings, and fully realize the close relationship between "karma", "karma" and "results". The third item is to realize the unique wisdom of annihilating troubles. As for virtue-conduct, the main ones are the "precepts and disciplines" that can protect the gates of the senses and the "four meditations in the form realm" that destroy the five lower knots.
In Taiwan, there are some masters who preach tirelessly throughout their lives and have won the reputation of "Lotus Flowers with Brilliant Tongues"; some have devoted their lives to writing, and their magnificent masterpieces flow as smoothly as clouds and flowing water; in their opinion, "eloquence is unimpeded" and " "Sharp Wisdom" has also won the reputation of "Buddhist authority", "Buddhist master" and even "holy monk" in the world. However, some of them have confessed publicly or privately that they regretted not being able to keep the bhikkhu precepts, or that they had not practiced meditation. Without the support of "virtue" and "concentration", in the end, all this wisdom deviates from the ultimate wisdom of liberation. Even though he has preached the "right law", he is like a soup ladle in a pot, only giving out delicious food. When you go into other people's bowls, you won't taste the taste of "Dharma" and "Law" at all. Such wisdom without virtue is still empty.
Other masters have dedicated their lives to charity, building hospitals, schools, disaster relief, poverty relief, and environmental protection... They are like the incarnation of Guanyin who rescues the suffering and the distressed, making the world sing and praise them endlessly. This great worldly charity is certainly a "virtue" worthy of being moved and admired by the world. However, the Sangha, as the Buddha, has more sacred "virtues" to accomplish. The Buddha's virtues are not limited to the material world. His characteristics are to lead to "the eradication of inner troubles" and the attainment of "liberation from inner enlightenment." He cares about the sentient beings in the world - not only humans, but also gods and even sentient beings at all levels. His focus is on "spiritual happiness and even liberation." Physical suffering, raging disasters, the cruelty of war, the suffering of poverty, the deterioration of environmental protection... These are all obvious sufferings. Of course, lay people should care for and sponsor them, and so can well-wishers, social charities or other religious groups. Well done to the relief work. Only the pain of greed, hatred, and ignorance has been tormenting and ravaging sentient beings in the world without stopping for a long time, and only the compassion and virtue of the World Honored One with wisdom can be enough to save them. However, judging from the words and deeds of these philanthropic masters, it is obvious that they do not adhere to the "right laws" of the Buddha, and they can hardly be called a Sangha. Not understanding the ultimate wisdom of liberation makes their great virtues stagnant at the worldly level for a long time. What a sigh!
However, the above two kinds of masters have still contributed to the suffering in the world to some extent. There is another kind of master who does not even have the basic "virtue" and "wisdom" in the world. They hold a high position and are called abbots and elders. They look sanctimonious and sacred, but their words and deeds are inconsistent. They appear to be compassionate and wise. , in fact, they are just running tourism business, communication business, mortuary pagoda business, sutra repentance, branch hospital chain, health care, mountain doctor fortune telling, organic fruits and vegetables... in order to gain fame and make profits. What's more, he secretly had an affair with a female disciple, which made the world laugh at him!
It is not easy for practitioners to possess worldly wisdom and virtue. There are people who are full of sutras, eloquent, and have written numerous books, but they use them to deceive the world, steal their reputation, confuse sentient beings, and even defraud money and sex. Bells, drums, wooden fish, chanting of Buddhist chants, sutra repentance meetings, worshiping at mountains, counting Amitabhas, giving initiations and seals, initiation and reciting mantras, etc.
If you want to have both worldly and transcendent worldly wisdom and virtue - "knowledge and action" are so rare and such a valuable personality trait!
Explanation of SUGATO:
(1) Zagama Sutra (the second sutra corresponding to Shariputra)
Jambuddha: "… What is the name of the good passing in the world?"
Sariputra: "...If greed and desire are gone, and there is no more knowledge; if anger and ignorance are gone, there is no more knowledge, this is called the good passing."
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Note: The early Chinese translation of "good passing (the original Pali language sugata is the plural of good passing, and sugato is singular)" was "good judgment". Cut off what? You will know when you see the corresponding English translation of Pali below. It turns out that it is like cutting off the trunk of a Dora (palm tree) tree, cutting off the roots of greed, hatred and delusion, and they will never regenerate. .
(2) Sutra 38, Sutra 3 (translated by Ven Bodhi)
Jambukhadaka: "….Who are the Sugata (fortunate ones) in the world?"
Jambukhadaka: "….Who are the Sugata (fortunate ones) in the world?"
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Sariputta: "…Those for whom lust, hatred, and delusion have been abandoned, cut off at the root, made like palm stumps, obliterated so that they are no more subject to future arising; they are the sugata ( fortunate ones) in the world."
(3) Ven. Bodhi translated as lucky one (lucky one)
(4) Ven. Thanissaro translated as well-gone (good to go) )
(5) Ven. Nanamoli translated as sublime one (honorable one)
(5) Mr. Maurice Walshe translated as well-farer (good traveler)
(6) Some parts of the Chinese translation of the Southern Tripitaka are translated as "good arrival"
(7) Mahayana founder Nagarjuna translated it as "good departure", going to the place of nirvana. Its English translation is gone to good destination.
In fact, this destination is the Pali word sugati, not sugata or sugato. The above-mentioned auspicious person, good going, noble person, good traveler, and good arrival do not seem to be appropriate translations. Although there is also a saying in the Visuddhimagga that "acting in a good and wonderful place - that is, practicing in the immortal nirvana, it is a good passing away.", it quotes the earlier "Dayi Shu" which mentions "the defilements that are eliminated by the Arahant" , those troubles will no longer come back, so it is good passing away." According to the above-mentioned scriptures (1) (2) of the Northern and Southern Traditions and "Da Yi Shu", "good passing away" means good judgment, good cessation, and good passing away. The meaning of passing away. What good has passed away? The root of the troubles of greed, hatred and delusion is skillfully eliminated like a cut down taro tree, and passes away from the heart of an Arhat, never to be reborn again. How can we say that it was cut off "skillfully"? Because when cutting off these evil roots, neither "indulgence" nor "self-abuse" methods are used; neither harming the "body" nor "crazy" mind; neither harming oneself nor killing others; In a peaceful and seemingly ordinary life of practice, we move forward along the "Middle Way - the Eightfold Path" and silently and skillfully eliminate these evil roots that are deep-rooted and entangled in life after life. Yes, this is called the good passing away.
Those who have sufficient knowledge and practice - achieve wisdom and virtue
Good death - those who skillfully eliminate greed, hatred and ignorance