"Lanting Preface" by Feng Chengsu Shenlong Edition
My name is "Lanting Preface" and I was born in 353 AD. That was the ninth year of Yonghe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
On that day, Wang Xizhi organized an elegant gathering at Lanting in Shanyin, Kuaiji. The quiet mountains and rivers and beautiful scenery attracted the support of celebrities such as Situ Xie'an, Sun Chuo, a poet, the proud and proud Xie Wan, and the eminent monk Zhi Daolin.
Thanks to that drunken elegance, I was born.
March 3rd in Jiangnan is usually the rainy season with continuous drizzle. But the weather on this day was exceptionally clear. There were high mountains in the distance, lush forests and bamboos in front of us, clear streams and gentle winds. The sound of gurgling water made people feel refreshed, and the scenery in the mountains was even more tranquil and pleasant!
In order to comply with the custom of the previous day, people dipped aromatic grass in water and sprinkled it on their bodies, or took baths to wash away dirt, praying for the elimination of diseases and bad luck in the wonderful spring season.
In order to liven up the atmosphere, someone came up with the trick of drinking water.
Everyone sat on both sides of the winding stream, and then the book boy put the wine glass into the clear stream and let it flow down the river. If the glass stopped in front of someone, , whoever has to compose a poem, if he cannot recite a poem, he will be punished with three drinks of wine.
On the way, Zhang stopped in front of Wang Xianzhi. He was under ten years old and held it in for a long time. He didn't say a word and was fined with wine. Later Qing Dynasty poets also wrote limericks to make fun of Wang Xianzhi. "But I laughed at the order of the King of Black Clothes, but there were no poems at the Lanting gathering."
In this Lanting gathering, eleven people each wrote two poems, fifteen people each wrote one poem, and sixteen people wrote one poem each. Those who fail to compose a poem will be punished with three drinks of wine.
The romantic gathering and good times of forty-two people passed by unknowingly as they drank wine and composed poems.
In order to preserve these drunken masterpieces, everyone plans to collect the poems and compile them into a collection to commemorate this event and leave a message for future generations. But if there is only poetry, who will preface it? So some people clamored to recommend Wang Xizhi, the convener of the gathering and a highly respected person, to write a preface to record this gathering.
Wang Xizhi, who was half drunk and half awake, did not shirk away. Taking advantage of the drunkenness, he used a rat whisker pen on silkworm paper and wrote 28 lines impromptuly with his heart and hands free, each word charming. Three hundred and twenty-four words that are strong and powerful, like divine help. I was born at that moment of literati carnival.
This is me, the "Preface to the Lanting Collection", which is praised by later generations as "the best running script in the world".
Attached: The original text of "Preface to the Collection of Orchid Pavilion"
In the ninth year of Yonghe, when he was in Guichou, at the beginning of late spring, he met at the Orchid Pavilion in Shanyin, Kuaiji, to repair the evil spirits. All the talented people have arrived, and the young and old have gathered together. Here there are high mountains, luxuriant forests and tall bamboos; there are also clear and turbulent streams, reflecting them to the left and right, which make them look like flowing water. Although it is not as prosperous as silk and bamboo orchestral music, one drink and one chant are enough to express the secret love. On that day, the sky was clear and the wind was gentle and gentle. Looking up at the vastness of the universe and looking down at the prosperity of categories, wandering around and wandering around was enough to provide a great visual and auditory entertainment. I believe it is a joy.
The lady's relationship with you has been admiring for a lifetime, or you can take her into your arms and understand her words within a room; Although there are many different interests, calmness and restlessness are different, when you are happy with what you encounter, you get what you have for a while, you are happy and contented, and you don't know that old age is coming. When I am tired of what I am doing, my emotions change with the situation, and I am filled with emotion. The admiration for it, and the admiration of it, have become old traces, and I still cannot help but feel happy about them. The situation will be shortened and changed, and it will eventually end. The ancients said: "Death and life are also big things." Isn't it painful? (I didn’t know that old age was coming? A work: I didn’t know that old age was coming)
Every time I look at the reasons for people’s interest in the past, if they are combined into one, I will not fail to express my condolences and cannot express them in my heart. I know that death and rebirth are just illusions, and mourning for Qi Peng is an illusion. The future looks upon the present, just as the present looks upon the past. Sad husband! Therefore, I listed people from that time and recorded what they said. Although things are different in different times, I am interested in them and they are consistent. Those who view it later will also feel the elegance.
What’s so wonderful about using a magic pen after drinking?
The "Three Wonders" of "Lanting Preface"
It is said that this preface was drafted by Wang Xizhi in a flash. When Xizhi was preparing to copy it into the original manuscript the next day, he felt that the rhythm layout and stroke structure were not as good as the draft after repeated copying.
He was surprised and troubled at the same time: firstly, he was surprised by his calligraphy, and secondly, the draft had too many changes and it was difficult to show it to others!
After hesitation, he finally chose a formal draft to write a preface, kept the draft, and passed it on to his son Wang Xianzhi.
1
The word "heavy" is not "heavy"
Speaking of the uniqueness in "Lanting Preface", we must mention the word "heavy" in it. . There are 21 characters "zhi" in the text and inscriptions. Each character is different and each has its own beauty.
Just three strokes, endless changes. To sum up, there are three main types of changes in zigzag:
1. Changes in the pen used in running script, regular script, and regular script;
2. Changes in the pen used in running script, such as folded pen, Pen strokes, back strokes, etc.;
3. Changes in the main stroke, such as the change of the main stroke in the second stroke and three strokes.
The word "yi":
The word "qi":
The word "wei":
The word "thing":
p>
The word "xiu":
The word "ye":
The word "wen":
The word "hui":
The word "mountain":
The word "you":
The word "bamboo":
The word "harmony":
2
?Wrong smearing is also art?
Because Lanting’s preface was written drunkenly, there are many typos and smear marks in it, and smearing is also used as art. This is another unique achievement of Wang Xizhi. Let's take a look at the smear marks in the scroll:
1. "The old age is Guichou". Why is the character "癸" written in very thin strokes? Analysis shows that Wang Youjun must have only remembered that the "Earthly Branches" were the Year of the Chou Ox, but forgot the order of the "Heavenly Stems", and the word "Gui" must have been filled in later. There is not enough space left, so the character "癸" is written very flat.
2. "When it comes to cultivating crops, all the talented people have to do it." "秧" should be changed to "秧" next to "秧木", and "禊" should be written correctly.
3. "There are high mountains and steep leaders." "Chongshan" was omitted and added later. There was no space, so I had to write it next to it. Wang Xizhi drank too much and mistakenly lost the word "山" when writing the word "ridge".
4. "The wind is gentle and smooth". Obviously. The character "Hui" has two strokes less, and the character "口" in Shenlong version has one stroke more in "口", like "曰". The word "harmony" in "The Ninth Year of Yonghe" at the beginning of "Lanting Preface" is the correct way to write it. There is no need for people today to copy typos and pass on fallacies when writing posts.
5. "A Room of Enlightenment". Wuyan, "Guwen Guanzhi" corrected it to "mei" words, which means meeting and talking.
6. "Put your trust in everything". "囙" is a variant of "Yin", and the word "外" is written first, and then covered with the character "囙" (the Shenlong version Feng Chengsu's copy is "ㄈ" followed by the right side).
7. "Satisfied and self-sufficient". Later generations recorded it as "kuai"ran (happy) self-sufficient. In fact, "yàng (yàng)ran self-sufficiency" is translated into "arrogant" and "confident", which makes sense.
8. "A monk does not know that old age is coming." The word "Monk" can only be found on the stone tablet of "Dingwu Lanting". "Gu Wen Guan Zhi" corrected it to "Zeng".
9. "Be happy with what you are looking for." "Xiangzhi" is covered with the word "Yu Jin".俛 is a variant of "fu", which is now obsolete.
10. "Isn't it painful?" The word "pain" covers something like the word "it".
11. "Every package". Some books say, "The word 'every' is painted with thick ink and the rest is light ink, which obviously records the process of rewriting it from the word '一'." In fact, the horizontal line of the word "every" on Zhang Menglong's stele in the Northern Wei Dynasty is also thick. Moreover, Feng Chengsu could dip in ink at any time when copying.
12. "We will not mourn until we are done." ?"甞" is a variant of "taste", which is no longer used today.
13. “The future’s view of the present is also the present’s view of the past.” ?"Yu", later generations have corrected it to "Yu", and should be spoken of "as".
14. "■■Sad husband".
?The word erased with heavy ink is said to be "Liang Ke", but it is more likely to be "Que Ke", or it may be "Yes Ke" or "Yike". The word "husband" can be seen to cover the word "ye".
15. "Feeling polite". The word "文" in the Shenlong version is particularly vague. Chu Suiliang's Linben can be seen at a glance that it was rewritten with the word "zuo".
3
? Mantras spoken after drinking are full of deep feelings?
And the third best thing in "Lanting Preface" is the deep feeling! The story develops further. Tang Taizong deceived the "Lanting Preface" out of love and was buried with himself in Zhaoling. Although we can no longer see the original work today, from the draft version, we can still see the uncontrollable joy and uncontrollable sadness that Wang Xizhi vomited after drinking in the many corrections in the text. .
In the opening chapter of "Lanting Preface", what we read is full of beauty and joy. The sky is clear, the wind is gentle, the universe is so big, everything is so prosperous, and everything in front of us is so beautiful.
Wang Xizhi, who grew up in a chaotic era, rarely had this comfortable mood, so he cherished it very much.
In the second half of "Lanting Preface", Xizhi could no longer suppress the sadness in his heart. He said: People interact with each other and spend their lives very quickly. Whenever I see the reasons why the ancients lamented about death and life, they are as consistent as my feelings. I can't help but lament their sadness in front of their articles. I cannot understand it in my heart. I already know that the kind of relationship between death and life is like a talisman. The statement that they equate them is untrue, and the statement that they equate long life and short life is a fabrication. Future generations will look at the present the same way we look at the past today. This is really sad!
1666 years have passed, and in my 324-character writing, we can still smell the strong aroma of wine that wafted out of that distant era and contained one part joy and one part sadness. , a touch of gentle and elegant aromatherapy, and you can see the joy and dignity attached to the flowing water.
After 1666, Wang Xizhi’s regret for the impermanence of life still lingers in this chapter of sorrow and joy.
The material comes from the Internet, and the copyright belongs to the original author!