Lin Zexu, who suffered from water control on the way to the garrison, was punished again, which was a bolt from the blue. He deeply felt that his ambition to serve the country had not been achieved, but he was wronged, and his heart was filled with grief and indignation. He made a seal, engraved with the words "I forgot all my insults", with the intention of throwing all the love and humiliation of the emperors out of the clouds. He is disheartened about his career and hopes to do more good things for the people in the future. 1841July 14, he bid farewell to his friends who came to see him off and left Zhenhai sadly by boat. However, after all, Lin Zexu has been a senior official, and he is not a mediocre person. As long as there is an opportunity, he will still go to "redeem oneself by good deeds." When passing by Yangzhou, Lin Zexu received a letter from Daoguang, asking him to postpone his trip to Yili and go to Kaifeng, Henan to help fight floods. It turned out that at the beginning of August this year, the water potential of the Yellow River soared, and the Xiangfu levee in the northwest of Kaifeng burst, flooding more than ten counties in six provinces under the jurisdiction of Henan and Anhui. Kaifeng city was besieged by floods, and local officials were terrified and helpless. The Qing court urgently ordered Wang Ding, minister of military affairs, to rush to Henan for water control. Wang Ding is a close friend of Lin Zexu. He took the opportunity to propose to Daoguang Emperor that Lin Zexu, as the governor of Donghe River and an expert in river management, could go to Henan to assist in the task of blocking the mouth. Wang Ding's request was approved by Daoguang Emperor. After receiving the imperial edict, Lin Zexu went to Kaifeng City and immediately went to the mouth-blocking site to invest in the river regulation project. He ran around day and night, personally supervising and leading migrant workers to borrow soil and build dams. After half a year's efforts, the dam mouth was finally blocked at March 1842, and the water disaster was stopped. That was the promise made by Daoguang Emperor to Lin Zexu to "atone" for his work in Kaifeng, but this promise from Shengkou was not fulfilled. Lin Zexu has made the greatest contribution to the breach of the Yellow River and deserves to be rewarded and exempted from punishment. Wang Ding also played Daoguang Emperor, saying: Lin Zexu is serious and effective in river management, and merits are the first. Please ask the emperor to cancel his punishment and entrust him with a heavy responsibility. However, Daoguang went back on his word and issued an imperial decree to continue to punish Lin Zexu in He Gong and the invasion of Japan: "Lin Zexu went to Yili after He Long." Although his heart was shabby, it was difficult to disobey the emperor's orders, so Lin Zexu had to continue his westward journey and embark on a difficult trip to Yili. During the trip, Lin Zexu stayed in Xi for 3 months due to illness. After recovering from his illness, he said goodbye to his wife who came to see me off, did not leave Wan Li, and continued to March into Ili accompanied by his two sons. When he left home, he wrote an eternal famous sentence: "If the country survives, why not avoid it because of disaster?" 184265438+February 10, Lin Zexu finally arrived in Yili after many hardships. In Yili, the most unpleasant thing for Lin Zexu is the loss of freedom to communicate with family and friends. As an official exiled to the frontier fortress, Lin Zexu's words and deeds are closely monitored, even his letters have to be opened for inspection, and some will even be returned. In order to maintain normal communication with family and friends, and understand the state affairs and coastal defense situation, Lin Zexu got great help from Bu Yantai, the general of Yili, and sent Lin Zexu's letters to the customs by borrowing official seals. In addition, Bu Yantai also asked Lin Zexu to borrow an internal document called Bao Jing, which is only available to on-the-job officials. In this way, Lin Zexu continued to keep in touch with his family, teachers and friends in the border areas thousands of miles away, so that he could keep abreast of the current situation and state affairs. Because these news materials were hard-won, Lin Zexu regarded them as treasures, copied and edited them one by one, and compiled them into two volumes of Ya Zhai Za Lu and a note called Soft Dust Private Talk, which somewhat diluted some depressed feelings. After reclaiming wasteland and building water to benefit forests, Zexu came to Xinjiang. He not only saw the great ambition of Russia, but also witnessed the desolate scene here. Lin Zexu believes that the best way to enrich frontier defense and improve people's lives is to reclaim land and prepare frontier defense. He suggested that the cultivated land should be distributed to the local Uighurs for cultivation, and the original system of land reclamation should be changed into operational control, so that the frontier guards can not only cultivate land, but also carry out military training, combine land reclamation with frontier reserves, and build an iron wall in the northwest frontier. In order to develop agricultural production, Lin Zexu asked General Bu Yantai to reclaim wasteland, and Bu Yantai adopted this opinion. From the autumn of 1843, Lin Zexu worked tirelessly as a "fool" with an aging and sickly body, and was responsible for reclaiming the wasteland of Aziwusu in the east of Huiyuan City. This is an extremely arduous and arduous project. In order to turn barren land into fertile farmland, it is necessary to dig ditches to divert water for irrigation. Lin Zexu led migrant workers, digging sand and stones, and building dams and embankments. It took a whole year and four months and hired more than 65,438+10,000 workers. Finally, a 6-mile-long main canal was built. After the completion of the canal, it created extremely favorable conditions for local reclamation and achieved remarkable results. By June 1844+065438+ 10, Lin Zexu had reclaimed a large number of wasteland: 3350 mu in Aziwusu area and 16 1000 mu in Albus area. After Lin Zexu succeeded in reclamation, Bu Yantai wrote to Daoguang Emperor, saying: Lin Zexu has made commendable achievements since he arrived in Yili, and he is a good official. There is no one better than Lin Zexu in this life. It's a pity that such a useful person abandoned the frontier fortress and asked him to let bygones be bygones and start over. However, due to the obstruction of capitulationists, Daoguang Emperor not only did not adopt Bu Yantai's suggestion, but ordered Lin Zexu to continue to reclaim wasteland in southern Xinjiang. Seeing that Lin Zexu was old and sick, Bu Yantai asked with concern: Would you like to go to a farther place or a closer place? Lin Zexu replied without hesitation: "Lin is willing to go far." After leaving, Lin Zexu went to a city and checked a city. Within one year, it has arrived in nine border cities, including Kuqa, Wushi, Aksu and Hotan, with a journey of more than 30,000 miles, covering the vast areas in the north and south of Tianshan Mountain, and measuring 6897 18 mu of cultivated land. From the autumn of 1843 to the autumn of 1845, 165438+ 10, in about two years, with the strong support and close cooperation of Xinjiang people, Mr. Lin Zexu * * opened 884068 mu of wasteland. There is a book that records this achievement of Lin Zexu: "Because of Lin Zexu's investigation and reclamation, the vast desert in Xinjiang has become fertile and fertile land, and the farmers are facing each other, and the fields are full of crops, saving countless funds for the country every year, and the livelihood of Hui people is rich." Lin Zexu attached great importance to building water conservancy and improving farmland irrigation. In Turpan, he found a water conservancy facility called "Karejing" by local people, and was surprised to see water flowing through holes in the soil. Later, I asked the local people to know that this is an underground water conservancy project that can be adapted to local conditions, can be used for a long time, and has a good effect. He quickly improved this irrigation method: dig more wells and canals, dig a well every ten feet, and guide paddy fields in series to make well water flow. And spread to all parts of Xinjiang, so that "stuck wells" appear everywhere in the Ili Valley like stars. Xinjiang people call Kajing "Lin Gongjing" and the canal "Lin Gongqu" to show their deep nostalgia and gratitude for Lin Zexu's contribution to the local area. In addition, Lin Zexu also actively spread spinning technology in Xinjiang. The spinning wheel used by mainlanders was introduced to Turpan and other cotton-producing areas a long time ago, but it has never been taken seriously. Lin Zexu believes that cotton quality is good in a cotton-producing area like Turpan, and it is necessary to improve cotton spinning technology and quality. Under his advocacy, spinning wheels were adopted everywhere, which made the spinning technology in the mainland widely promoted. To commemorate this contribution of Lin Zexu, the local people called the spinning wheel he promoted "Lin Bus". Lin Zexu traveled all over Xinjiang, drew many detailed frontier maps, and sent them to the imperial envoy Zuo to help Zuo later recover Xinjiang.
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