What treasures are there in the National Palace Museum in Taipei?
At the beginning, we chose to pack and transport the cultural relics to Taiwan Province Province, focusing on the cultural relics with continuity in Chinese culture, that is, the important cultural relics of various dynasties. However, due to the lack of time and carrying vessels, most large objects were abandoned. Therefore, large objects have become the characteristics of the Forbidden City in Beijing, such as Dayu Water Control, Yushan Mountain and Magnetic King.
However, the cultural relics taken from the National Palace Museum in Taipei were mostly excellent works in natural history at that time. For example:
In terms of calligraphy and painting, almost all the Song, Yuan and important paintings recorded in Xuanhe Painting, Shiqu Treasure and Secret Hall Zhu Lin were shipped to Taiwan Province Province at that time. As for some paintings left in the palace, most of them were paintings that were too late to be counted or disputed at that time, such as Hui Zong's Listening to the Qin. Therefore, there are authentic paintings and calligraphy of everyone from the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties since the Han and Jin Dynasties. Such as the works handed down from ancient times by Wang Xizhi, Huai Su, Yan Zhenqing, Su Dongpo, Huang Tingjian, Yue Fei, Zhao Gou, Mi Fei, Ma Yuan, Wen Zhiming, Tang Yin, Zhu and He.
Taking calligraphy as an example, the Song Dynasty represented the peak of China's calligraphy, and Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang were recognized as the best calligraphers in the Song Dynasty. It's a pity that there are only a handful of authentic works of Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang in our domestic museums, and only the authentic works related to Mi Fei in Taipei have reached 78 blessings, each of which is a masterpiece, such as the treasure of Shanghai Museum, Misson Fei's "Su Taijian's Political Participation Post". The calligraphy of the Tang Dynasty displayed here is also a masterpiece, including Huai Su's autobiographical posts and Yan Zhenqing's sketches. Later generations listed it as "the first in the Tang Dynasty and the first in the gods". Wang Xizhi's representative calligraphy works, such as Sunny Snow Post, July Post, Changfeng Post, Yuanguan Post, Avenue Post, He Ru, Feng Ju, etc., are all marked with silver hooks, which have both form and spirit, and combine rigidity and softness, which is even more eye-opening and feast your eyes.
At that time, almost all the paintings were moved to the south in boxes. Except for the unimportant handwriting of the Qing emperor, almost all the masterpieces in the history of calligraphy and painting collected in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties were taken to Taiwan Province. Except for a few left in the palace, most of them were paintings and calligraphy that were too late to be counted or disputed at that time, such as Hui Zong's Listening to the Qin. Therefore, there are masterpieces of famous artists from the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty in the scrolls collected by the National Palace Museum in Taipei, where more than 80% of the representative works in the history of China's calligraphy and painting are collected. For example, Yan's Official Tribute Map in Tang Dynasty is priceless. Other famous painters' works include Li's Free Week, Chen Juzhong's Yue Xi Gui Han, Han Gong Chun Xiao, Fan Kuan's Journey to the Western Hills, Guo's Early Spring, Yan's Lanting in Tang Dynasty, Sailing Pavilion, Li Zhaodao's Ming Taizu Xing Shu and Han Gan's Mu Ma Tu. A photo of people living in the suburbs of Su Long, Ju Ran, a photo of layered rocks and trees, a photo of Qiushan and a photo of the first snow in Zhaogan River, a photo of Lin Qiu deer in the Five Dynasties and a photo of Feng Dan's young deer, a photo of Fan Kuan sitting alone by the river in the Northern Song Dynasty, a bird map of Chimei Mountain in Song Huizong, a cultural conference map, a bird map of Chimei Mountain in the Southern Song Dynasty and a bird map of the Southern Song Dynasty. The loquat ape play picture and Cui Bai's Double Happiness Picture, Zhu Mo Picture, Su Hanchen Autumn Pavilion Baby Play Picture, Song Dynasty Small Cold Forest Picture, Meizhushan Bird Gathering Picture, Jin Dynasty Red Cliff Picture, Southern Song Dynasty Mouyi Picture, Dress-up Picture, Song Gaozong Picture, Ma Xiaojing Complement Picture, etc. Deng Huatu, Listening to Songfeng, Xia Gui, Xishan Qingyuan, Chen Juzhong, Yuexi Guihan, Song People, Minshan Sunny Snow, Thousand Hands and Thousand Eyes Guanyin Bodhisattva, Broken Threshold, Autumn Pond Double Goose, Cold Forest Building View, Bamboo Feather and other calligraphy and painting are the highest in all dynasties, with rigorous brushwork, meticulous workmanship and fresh natural atmosphere.
As for bronzes, the national instruments handed down from Jin Dynasty, Sui and Tang Dynasties, Song Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty, Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty and cultural relics with important historical value unearthed in Henan Province were transported to Taiwan Province Province, such as bronze hair with the most inscriptions in the world, the earliest land negotiation contract in the world, bronze bells with the most inscriptions, and important historical materials in the Spring and Autumn Period. The collection of bronzes in the National Palace Museum in Taipei has enriched all kinds of works in the ancient bronze age in China. In addition, for example, the bronze gilded siddhattha gotama in the first year of Taihe in the Northern Wei Dynasty, in which the heavy devices and the gold and bronze Buddha statues are of great historical value and significance, are the treasures of the country.
For porcelain, choose the most exquisite one in this category. For example, the ruby monk's hat pot was the best ruby Xuande porcelain at that time, and for example, all 23 pieces of Ru Ci recorded in Overtime that could be found at that time were brought to Taiwan Province. As the saying goes, "Ru Kiln is the best porcelain in the world", if Ru Kiln is the first porcelain, then this Northern Song Dynasty Ru Kiln celadon pot without narcissus in Taipei Palace Museum is the first one, because it is the only perfect Ru Ci magnet with almost no obvious opening. In addition, the National Palace Museum in Taipei tried to collect five famous kilns in the Song Dynasty, so almost all of them were shipped to Taiwan Province Province. Later, in the Yuan Dynasty and the Ming and Qing Dynasties, rare porcelains such as blue and white, Chenghua Doucai and Wanli multicolored works were the most exquisite. Therefore, the official kilns in the Ming Dynasty, especially the highest peak of Yongxuan blue and white, are 2,248 fine works of the National Palace Museum in Taipei, that is, more than 70% of the Yongxuan blue and white in the world are in the National Palace Museum in Taipei, and the fine works are priceless. In terms of Ming dynasty porcelain, the National Palace Museum in Taipei also has a large collection of fine Chenghua porcelain left over from the Qing Dynasty. We know that there are few museums in China that can store more than one Chenghua porcelain, but according to the data, there are 599 Chenghua wares in the National Palace Museum in Taipei, among which 247 are Doucai wares. Take Chenghua Doucai Chicken Cylinder Cup as an example, China has only 12, and the National Palace Museum in Taipei has only 1 1, which makes the world speechless. In addition, 604 pieces of Hongzhi, more than 700 pieces of Zhengde, 966 pieces of Jiajing, 522 pieces of Wanli and other official kiln products are also spectacular, which can be called a series, and they are all national treasures that cannot be calculated by money. As for the most important porcelains in the Qing Dynasty, especially those in Kang Yong, there are no more than 460 enameled porcelains, of which 460 are taken to the Palace Museum. These are the best porcelains in the Qing Dynasty, so they were finally brought to Taiwan Province Province by the National Government. But not only enamel porcelain, but also the quality of other official kilns in Taipei is very high, and all the pieces are typical representatives of this kind, and both the painting quality and the production quantity are rare. Because of the royal porcelain collected by the National Government 60 years ago, the porcelain collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei is enough to stand out from other museums in the world and become the first in the world.
In terms of artifacts (which were simply divided into these categories at that time), we focused on some centralized records, such as "China Gu Yan Orthography" recorded by Qianlong imperial edict in Xiqingyanpu, with 200 squares, and other appendices with 40 squares, totaling 240 squares. More than half of the existing collections in the world are in the 95th Square of the National Palace Museum in Taiwan. Or it is a rare treasure for the Forbidden City (for example, all the treasures are hidden in the National Palace Museum in Taipei), or it has a particularly rare carving skill (for example, jade with a fine embryo like cicada), which is a kind of jade with the same color. The poem says: "Quincy attracts jade, and a skillful craftsman makes a jade." "The boutique of Shendu Temple Pool was originally concentrated in the Nuange of Gan Qing Palace and the Temple Block of Yuanmingyuan in the Forbidden City in Beijing. Before Gan Long returned to politics, Gan Qing Palace was destroyed by a fire. Yuanmingyuan was destroyed in Eight-Nation Alliance, so almost all the fine works mentioned in the existing rare books of ancient books went to the National Palace Museum in Taipei at that time.
In addition, the National Palace Museum in Taipei has rare books, *** 1495 14, with about 500,000 volumes. Wen Yuange's first book, Siku Quanshu, is naturally the most important book to study China's ancient literature and history, and the most precious of the seven Siku Quanshu. In addition, there are "Sku Yao Hui" and "Don't hide in Wan Wei". After the compilation of Siku Quanshu, 173 kinds of books that continue to be collected were incorporated into this book, which is the most beloved book of Emperor Jiaqing and has supreme historical value. In rare books, you can find old books and banknotes from the Song and Yuan Dynasties, such as Shangshu and Zhou Li in the Song Dynasty, Lotus Sutra in the Song Dynasty in European style, Yunbaoqian in the Song Dynasty, Yuan Feng's manuscripts, Xuanhe paintings, Yuan in the Yuan Dynasty, the oldest Chunhua Years and Xianping Years in the Song Dynasty. Hua Yi Yi Yi Yi is a dictionary of China's contacts with neighboring countries during Yongle period in Ming Dynasty, and it is a valuable tool for studying the ancient diplomatic history of China. In Mongolian and Tibetan literature, Tibetan Ganzhu and Ganzhu are written in clay gold. As for the literature category, * * * 380,000 pieces, including official archives of various dynasties in China's modern history, such as Tathagata's comments and comments, titles and notes of ministers at home and abroad, credentials and chapters of various countries and foreign governors, jade carvings, sermons and records of past dynasties, etc. , is an extremely precious first-hand historical data in the modern history of China. Some of them are biographies of Zhu Bi and Zhao Kuangyin, personal letters from Zong, credentials from South Korea to Qing Dynasty, credentials from Qing Dynasty to Britain and France, credentials from Yuan Shikai, President of the Republic of China, to the emperor of Qing Dynasty, etc.
In addition, the National Palace Museum in Taipei also collects 63 boxes of important diplomatic documents, so the National Palace Museum in Taipei collects almost all important treaty texts in modern times, such as Sino-Russian Extension Treaty, Ili Treaty, treaty of shimonoseki, treaty of nanking, Sino-German Trade Treaty, Sino-Russian Beijing Treaty, Sino-British Beijing Treaty, Sino-French Tianjin Treaty, Sino-Russian Tianjin Treaty and Sino-Russian Tianjin Treaty.
Sadly, the Forbidden City in Beijing has palaces without treasures, while the Forbidden City in Taipei has treasures without palaces.