Hand-drawn design is a means used by designers to express design intentions and convey design concepts. It records and expresses the design sparks captured in the designer's brain in a quick, accurate and simple way on the drawings. For a professional designer, it is necessary to train professional skills, which will help to strengthen the designer's perceptual and aesthetic quality. The following is the expression of hand-drawn design I brought to you. Welcome to reading.
First, the design tools and materials of hand-drawn techniques.
For the techniques of different playing tools, they all have different characteristics and playing effects, and also have their own limitations. In order to reflect the rich connotation and temperament of hand-painted expression, sometimes it is necessary to use several different tools to express comprehensive techniques at the same time. The main tools are:
(1) pencil
Pencil is one of the most commonly used tools for hand-drawn design. In the early stage of design, we mainly use (2B-6B soft pencil) to draw design sketches, and (HB pencil or so) to draw the manuscript of formal drawings.
(2) Pens and artistic pens
Pen is the main tool for hand-drawn design, which is mainly used to draw manuscripts for design drawings or to appear as line drawings alone. Artistic brush is the result of further research and development on the basis of pen, according to the diversity of drawing pens and the expressive force of pictures. When in use, various lines with different properties can be drawn according to the strength and different directions of the pen body, thus enhancing the expressive force of the lines.
(3) Needle pen and signature pen
The stylus is the main tool for design and drawing. Signature pen is the most commonly used writing tool. Because the lines it draws are similar to pens, and the models and specifications are diverse, and the water is smooth, it is the most commonly used performance tool for designing hand-painting.
(4) marking
There are many brands of markers, such as TOUCH, MYCOLOR, Hairpin, Trifluoride and AD. , oily and aqueous. Oily markers have good color transparency, but because of their large size, water-based markers and colored pencils are often needed to describe details.
(5) colored pencils
The colored pens used for hand-painted design are usually water-soluble colored lead. Water-soluble colored lead can be used as an application technology alone or in combination with marker and watercolor.
(6) Watercolor and gouache
Watercolor and gouache are commonly used materials in painting, and can also be used as the main materials for stippling in design and hand painting. However, because there are many auxiliary tools (such as color boxes, buckets, brushes, etc. ) involves its application and is often used as the main means of expression in formal painting.
(7) Paper
Papers with different textures, textures and colors can show different picture effects. Hand-painted paper should be smooth and have a certain thickness, such as high-grade A3 copy paper and special marker sketch book. (The specific format depends on personal habits), colored paper and kraft paper are also acceptable.
(8) correction fluid
Considering that "addition" is often used instead of "subtraction" in hand-drawn design, it is best to prepare a correction fluid for local modification.
Second, design the types of hand-painted expressions
There are many expressive techniques of hand-drawn design, which can be summarized into the following categories according to the current application techniques of design majors:
(1) black-and-white manuscript performance: black-and-white manuscript performance should first pay attention to the contrast between the reality and distance of the picture. Without this contrast, there is no sense of space. Secondly, the relationship between black, white and gray in the picture, through the contrast between light and dark, makes the performance object have a strong three-dimensional sense and a clear structure. Finally, we should pay attention to the contrast of line changes in the picture, drawing with tools and freehand drawing.
(2) Colored lead expression: Colored pencil is a common tool in hand-drawn expression. The advantage of colored lead lies in the detail processing of the picture, but because of its strong graininess, it is slightly worse in smooth texture. Try to draw the big effect you need at once, and then adjust the details in depth.
(3) Performance of marker pen (oily and water-based): The oily marker pen has good color transparency, which is convenient for the performance of large scenes and the depiction of smooth texture. However, because the brush strokes of markers are monotonous and difficult to modify, it is difficult to deeply express the details and the texture of materials. Water-based markers have advantages over oily markers in depicting details, but it is difficult to grasp when using them. If used with colored pencils, the expressive force of the picture will be greatly enhanced.
(4) Watercolor performance: Compared with watercolor painting, watercolor renderings use fewer techniques and have a single color change. You can change the chromaticity of the original material slightly when painting, but you should pay attention to the transition of color and the change of temperature and warmth.
(5) Black-and-white manuscript plus computer processing: first complete the large spatial structure line, and then collage some hand-painted materials accumulated at ordinary times through the computer, such as furniture and ornaments; Another method is to draw detailed structural lines, and then draw and map them with Photoshop. These two methods are very fast and very practical in practical work.
(VI) Gouache spray pen performance: The general performance steps of Gouache spray pen performance are as follows: First, use the spray pen to match colors and draw large tones (cover the parts that don't need to be sprayed with self-adhesive stickers), then use a flat-headed pen and Gou Xianbi to describe the details, and finally adjust the picture as a whole. Gouache is from deep to light (brightening), which is the opposite of watercolor.
Design hand-drawn expression methods include marker and toner expression, pencil expression, oil pastel expression, handwriting board expression and so on.
Third, explore the skills of designing hand-painted expression techniques.
(a) basic line training
The key to using thread is to use a pen, a pen, a pen, which is somewhat similar to calligraphy and penetrates the back of the paper and the wood. The straightness expressed by the line is roughly straight, which is straight in the sense. Combining straight lines, curves, vertical lines and diagonal lines, the drawing of lines is both rigid and flexible.
(2) Single furniture exercise
Simplify the monomer into a box first, and then cut the monomer structure from it after grasping the perspective angle relationship. , pay attention to the account of monomer structure relations, and properly handle some black, white and gray relations.
(3) Single plant practice
The way to express plants quickly can be to express plants as spheres first, grasp the growth direction and morphological characteristics of plants during the expression process, and pay attention to the relationship between structure and outline, so as to express smoothly.
(four) people, cars and other landscape exercises
People, cars and other scenery mainly play a reference role in the rapid expression of spatial scale. When practicing, we should grasp the proportion of structural modeling and follow the principles of conforming to the proportion of spatial perspective, being quick and simple, being close to reality and being far away from imagination.
(5) Sketch the scenery and express the key points quickly with a pen.
For the hand-drawn design of combined classes, first of all, the perspective should be accurate and the proportional relationship should be coordinated. Second, pay attention to the changes in the picture and avoid being rigid. Third, the projection line is aggravated, forming the change of reality and reality.
(6) The principle of rapid spatial perspective and the method of empirical rapid mapping.
For space design hand-drawing, first, we should grasp the principle of being near and far and small, and pay attention to the control of depth of field. Second, the apparent horizon should be controlled between 0.5- 1.2m, which can be appropriately adjusted according to the actual space and composition needs. Third, grasp the correct spatial proportion.
(7) Marker skill training
1, the arrangement of straight lines and straight lines, attention should be paid to the pen starting and closing, the force should be uniform, and the handwriting should be neat. Avoid the following kinds of pens in practice.
2. The application of circular overlapping strokes:
In the performance of markers, sometimes you will see a lot of soft and excessive faces, because the use of circular strokes has changed the whole picture.
3, the overall spatial marking skills and steps:
First consider the relationship between the overall tone and material of the picture before coloring, including the contrast between cold and warm and the relationship between black, white and gray. Generally, the color of the material is painted, and the change of environmental color is properly considered;
Second, starting from the most exciting part of the picture, the first color can basically be tiled, paying attention to the relationship between the big tone and the whole picture;
Third, gradually deepen, strengthen the contrast between light and shade and color of the picture, and pay attention to depicting reflections and reflective effects, which are often places where the picture is easy to shine.
The artistic characteristics and advantages of hand-drawn design determine its position and role in expressive design, and its expressive skills and methods have pure natural artistic temperament. The expression of artistic beauty between design rationality and artistic freedom has become the goal pursued by designers. Designers should constantly hone and explore in practice, deeply understand and apply techniques and skills, and gradually move towards mature artistic design.
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Based on the basic theories such as hand-drawn tools, line drawing exercises, perspective principles and composition methods, Hand-painted Performance Techniques of Architectural Design explains the methods and techniques of architectural performance step by step, including the collocation of various plants, rocks and waterscapes, sketches and figures, and the design of building plane elevation and section. "Hand-painted Expression Techniques of Architectural Design" is rich in legends and diverse in styles. By combining hand-painted expression with landscape design, readers can master the basic techniques of hand-painted expression of architecture in a short time and improve the ability of hand-painted expression of architecture in an all-round way. "Hand-painted Performance Techniques of Architectural Design" can be used as a teaching material for environmental art, urban planning, landscape planning, interior design and product design in colleges and higher vocational colleges, and is also suitable for landscape design enthusiasts.
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