Tangbei calligraphy

Tang people pay attention to calligraphy, and many people are famous for writing. The names of writers and calligraphers are engraved on the Tang stele, which is not found in the Han stele. The famous writers of inscription and postscript in the early Tang Dynasty were Chu Suiliang, Yu Shinan, Wang Zhijing, Tong and his son, Xue Ji and Yao Brothers. There were Yan Zhenqing, Li Yong, Cai, Han Zemu, Liang Shengqing and others in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, there were Liu Gongquan, Shen Chuanshi, Pei Lin, Tang Duxuan, Liu Yuxi and others, each of whom wrote many inscriptions. Li Yong wrote more than 30 kinds of inscriptions in his life, Yan Zhenqing wrote more than 90 kinds of inscriptions, Shi wrote more than 40 kinds of official scripts, and Liu Gongquan wrote more than 60 kinds of inscriptions. The handwriting of these calligraphers has always been cherished by people, but unfortunately there are not many stone carvings left so far.

Known as Han Li and Tang Kai, these are three important stages in the development of China's calligraphy. From the handwriting of several famous calligraphers in the early Tang Dynasty, we can also see the origin of their brushwork. Chu Suiliang's "One Que and Three Niches" and Bao Wenbei's "Ode to the Duke of Yan" are considered by Kang Youwei to be that Tang Kai inherited Kai Lee from the Northern Wei Dynasty, while Yu Shinan and Ou Yangxun's brushwork rules came from the Southern Dynasties. The difference lies in the rigidity and softness of brushwork, which is Fiona Fang. After the prosperous Tang Dynasty, this difference became more and more integrated, so calligraphers followed the structure of thick and thin brushwork. Yan Zhenqing and Su Lingzhi became fatter and fatter, and Liu Gongquan used Yan Zhenqing's brushwork to lose weight. The thin strength of the Yukime brothers evolved into the thin golden body of Song Huizong Evonne. In this way, in the unified Tang Dynasty, every calligrapher still has his own style.

There are all kinds of calligraphy on the inscriptions in the Tang Dynasty. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong, first wrote this tablet in cursive script. Today, you can still see the tablet written by him on the inscription of Jinci in Taiyuan and the screen of Yuhang. The original stone of Li Mountain's "Hot Springs" has long been lost, but there are Tang rubbings in Dunhuang stone chambers, and the existing photocopies are circulated. There was a monk named Huairen who spent more than 20 years collecting Wang Xizhi's words and compiled a Preface to the Imperial System of Taizong, which was engraved on the tablet, especially the famous cursive Tang tablet. This monument is now in the forest of steles in Xi 'an. Zhang Xu and Huai Su, famous cursive writers in the Tang Dynasty, have several stone carvings in the forest of steles, but they are all posts, not monuments.

Emperor Taizong advocated Wang Xizhi's cursive script and wrote tablets in cursive script, which created a generation of ethos. Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, advocated official script, and he wrote a beautiful Han Li himself. He wrote more than 30 pieces, and now there are about ten pieces. The inscription of Mount Tai on the cliff of Mount Tai is his masterpiece. Under his influence, a number of famous official calligraphers such as Cai, Han Zemu and Shi emerged during the Kaiyuan and Tianbao years. Their official script has undergone new changes, and later people call it "Tang official script". At the same time, some people are restoring Wei Li, such as Wang Ming in "An Tian in Beiyue" written by Dai Ganling, who seems to be the spokesman of Zen Buddhism and the drama of respecting luxury.