Haining, as early as 6000 years ago, people lived and farmed here.
Haining in summer belongs to Yangzhou, one of the "Kyushu in the world". In the Spring and Autumn Period, it was returned to Shu Yue of Wu. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the county was established as Yan Guan, and later it was promoted to a state because of the increase in the number of households. In A.D. 1329, it was renamed "Haining" State, which means Jiang Hai Yong 'an, belonging to Hangzhou Prefecture. 1986, with the approval of the State Council, Haining County was revoked and Haining City was established.
I. Three major cultures
Haining is a city full of cultural charm, known as "land of plenty, land of silk, land of leather, land of culture and land of tourism". The long history has given birth to Haining's unique "three cultures", namely "tide culture", "lamp culture" and "celebrity culture".
The wonders of the world are full of "tidal culture"
Haining Tide, also known as Zhejiang Tide and Qian Jiangchao, is known as "the wonder of the world" for its "crossing the river on the first line". Tide-watching in Haining was popular in Han Dynasty, especially in Tang and Song Dynasties. Pan Lang, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, sang, "Looking back at the tide, Manzhouli people fought for the river." The haining tide is formed under the attraction of the moon and the sun and the centrifugal force produced by the earth's rotation. There are two tides in Shanghai every day, the first and fifteenth meridian tides of the lunar calendar, especially the first to fifth and fifteenth to twentieth tides of the lunar calendar, and there are 150 good days to watch tides in a year.
Haining is a tidal scenic spot, which is related to its unique geographical conditions. Qiantang River to Hangzhou Bay is a typical trumpet-shaped bay with wide outside and narrow inside, deep outside and shallow inside. The mouth of the sea is wide in the east100km, and reaches Ganpu in the west, and the river suddenly shrinks to 20km. When it reached the town of Yan Guan in Haining, the river was only 3 kilometers wide. At high tide, the wide and deep bay mouth swallowed a lot of seawater at once. Due to the rapid contraction and shallowing of the river surface, the rushing tide on the road could not rise evenly, so the back wave pushed the front wave, and each wave was higher than the other, forming a steep water wall.
Known by Su Dongpo as the "August 18th Tide, the world is full of wonders", the Shanghai-Ningbo Tide has developed into a tidal-chasing tourism with "one tidal wave and three scenic spots". Watch the "Ssangyong Sumo Meeting Tide" in a big gap about 8km east of Yan Guan Town, watch the "White Training Tide for Crossing the River" in Yan Guan, watch the "Surging Shore Breaking Tide" in the old salt warehouse about 1 1km west of Yan Guan Town, and watch the "Moonlight Tide" at night to enjoy the beauty of listening to the tide.
Light eyes reflect "lamp culture"
Shi Xia Lantern Festival in Haining is a famous handicraft. It began in the Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song Dynasty. After thousands of years of tempering, it has formed a local folk cultural feature integrating handicrafts, calligraphy and painting, which has high scientific and technological value and aesthetic value. As early as the Song Dynasty, it has been listed as a court tribute.
Shi Xia Lantern Festival in Haining is famous for its exquisite needle-punched patterns, which integrates poetry, calligraphy, painting, seal cutting, epigraphy, embroidery and other artistic categories, including pavilions, birds and animals, dragon boat, exquisite ancient pagodas, hand-held baskets and so on. Its technology includes eight techniques: needle, bending, knot, binding, engraving, painting, pasting and mounting.
Haining Shi Xia Lantern Festival is not only famous in the south of the Yangtze River, but also internationally. In the second year of Xuantong (19 10) 1934, he won the grand prize of "Nanyang Advocacy Association" and "Paris World Expo". In the 1992 National Lantern Invitational Tournament, 14 all the big and small Xia lanterns won the first prize, which caused a sensation in the national lantern industry.
Shi Xia lanterns have been presented to international friends as national gifts for many times.
Talents come forth in large numbers, forming a "celebrity culture"
Haining has outstanding people and talented people. Haining is a beautiful place, with scholars in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Gu Kuang, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, Zhu, a poetess in the Song Dynasty, a dramatist in the Ming Dynasty, a historian in the Qing Dynasty, Tan Qian and Cha, a historian in the Qing Dynasty, Chen Yuanlong and Chen Shiguan, a poet Cha, a chess saint and Shi Ding 'an, calligraphers Chen Yixi and Cha Sheng, and bibliophiles Wu Qian, Jiang Guangxu and Jiang Guangyou. Military theorist Jiang Baili, Buddhist master Tai Xu, Master Yin Shun, scholar calligrapher and lecturer Zhu Qifeng, red scientist wu shichang, dramatist and educator Zheng, botanist Qian, one of the founders of China film industry, film artist Shi Dongshan, cartoonist Mi Gu, scientist Shen Hong, British educator and translator, Hong Kong industrialist Cha, writers Jin Yong and Chen, and ancient painting and calligraphy experts. Many celebrities with high taste and great influence have accumulated a unique field of celebrity culture for Haining.
Second, economic development.
Haining is a city full of competition. Since the reform and opening up, the whole city has seized opportunities, exerted its advantages and accelerated its development. With the continuous development of regional economy, the comprehensive strength has been significantly enhanced. In 2006, the city's GDP reached 25.566 billion yuan, and the per capita income was close to 5,000 US dollars. The total fiscal revenue is 28,665.438 billion yuan, of which the local fiscal revenue is10.347 billion yuan; The per capita disposable income of urban residents and the per capita net income of farmers reached 18236 yuan and 8752 yuan respectively. The comprehensive strength ranks 22nd among the top 100 counties and cities in China, and it has successively won the titles of China's characteristic charming city, Chinese mainland's best commercial city and the most valuable county and city in the Yangtze River Delta. While striving to speed up economic construction, we will actively promote the coordinated development of economy and society, make all-round progress in science, education, culture, health and other undertakings, and continuously strengthen the building of spiritual civilization, democracy and legal system. In recent years, it has been successively rated as an advanced county (city) in national and provincial scientific and technological work, an excellent tourist city in China, a national ecological demonstration city, the first batch of well-off counties (cities) in Zhejiang Province, a provincial civilized city, a provincial Ping 'an county, a provincial education city, a provincial health city, a provincial double-support model city and a provincial sports city.
Relying on the early promotion of market-oriented reform, Haining has formed certain institutional and institutional advantages, and the private economy is relatively developed. As one of the first open coastal cities (counties) in China, Haining has become one of the most dynamic and potential investment hotspots in China with the rapid rise of the Yangtze River Delta economic circle led by Shanghai in recent years. In 2006, the city actually utilized 243 million US dollars of foreign capital and exported 654.38+92.3 million US dollars. Haining is also known as "China Leather Capital", "China Textile Industry Base City (County)" and "China Warp Knitting City". At present, a distinctive new pattern of industrial economy has been formed, with leather, warp knitting and home textiles as the pillars, and industries such as magnetic materials, chemical medicine, printing and packaging, hardware machinery and solar energy utilization developing vigorously. Haining china leather City has become the national fur trading center and the distribution center of luggage and leather goods in East China, and Xucun China Home Textile City has become the largest distribution center of decorative fabrics in China. The annual leather exhibition, home textile exhibition and tide-watching festival have become important commercial festivals in China.