Her real name is Fucha, and her status is the direct concubine of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty.
Queen Xiaoxian Chun (March 28, 1712 - April 8, 1748), a member of the Fucha clan, was a native of Xianghuang Banner in Manchuria. The first concubine of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, the daughter of Li Rongbao, the general manager of Chahar, and sister Fu Heng, a bachelor of Taibao University, the only empress of the Fucha family in the Qing Dynasty. The queen married Emperor Qianlong when she was young. Not only did she keep the harem in order, but she was also deeply loved and respected by Emperor Qianlong. She was a very favored queen in the history of the Qing Dynasty.
The queen is graceful in appearance, respectful and thrifty in character, and her crown is covered with velvet flowers and not decorated with pearls or jade. Qianlong said "every time he respected him, he loved him abnormally". In the 13th year of Qianlong's reign (1748), he accompanied Emperor Qianlong on his eastern tour and died in Zhouci, Dezhou. Qianlong was deeply saddened and personally named him "Xiaoxian", and wrote "Shu Bei Fu" to commemorate his death. The queen's death had a considerable impact on Qianlong's mood and personality, which then caused a considerable turmoil inside and outside the court.
In the seventeenth year of Qianlong's reign (1752), he was buried in the Yuling Underground Palace in Shengshui Valley. After the Jiaqing and Daoguang dynasties, the posthumous title was added, and the full posthumous title was "Queen of Xiaoxian, Chengzhengdun, Muren, Huihui, Gongkangshunfu, Tianchang and Shengchun".
Biography of the character
The Fucha family was born in Manchuria with a yellow flag. The Xianghuang Banner is the first of the three upper banners. It is personally controlled by the emperor and has a very high status. Among the queens of the Qing Dynasty, not many were actually born in the Xianghuang Banner in Manchuria.
Wangjinu led his tribe to join Houjin and made outstanding achievements in the years of campaign to unify the Northeast and establish the empire. During the Taizong Dynasty, my great-grandfather, Hastun, was promoted from a military officer to a deputy director of the Ministry of Rites. During the Shunzhi period, he was promoted to an internal minister and the crown prince's guardian. My grandfather, Mi Sihan, served as the minister of political affairs during the Kangxi period. He served as the Minister of Household Affairs for seven years and was in charge of the country's financial power. He once strongly supported Emperor Kangxi's policy of withdrawing from vassal vassals and was highly regarded by Emperor Kangxi.
Hashitun and Misihan were both posthumously awarded the title of First-Class Chengen Gong in May of the 13th year of Qianlong's reign (1748). His father, Li Rongbao, was the fourth son of Mi Sihan, and his official position was the general manager of Chahar. Uncle Ma Qi "lived for three dynasties and was over the age of 10. He expressed his loyalty and power, was dignified and mature, and was a leader of class alliances. He had a long-standing reputation. No one in the government had been in power for so long." Another uncle, Ma Wu, served as the capital. He was a minister in charge of the imperial guards and bodyguards. He had a first-class official position and a very popular position. He served the imperial court for many years and was called "the most blessed person in the holy family" by Emperor Yongzheng.
Contemporaries recorded: "After Ming (Mingzhu) and Suo (Suo'etu) were defeated, Gong (Ma Qi) and his younger brother Taiwei Gongwu (Ma Wu) became more powerful for a while, as the proverb goes.' Two horses eat up all the grass in the world'.
Queen Xiaoxian Chun was born in a family of high-ranking officials. She received a good orthodox education since she was a child, was adept at etiquette, understood righteousness, and had certain cultural accomplishments. , coupled with her natural dignity and quietness, she can be said to be a standard lady from a famous family and a lady of the family.
In the fifth year of Yongzheng's reign (1727), in a female talent show, the 16-year-old Fucha was selected by Emperor Yongzheng at a glance. Emperor Yongzheng decided to assign this daughter of a famous family to the fourth son of the emperor, Hongli, who had already been secretly designated as the crown prince. Emperor Yongzheng seemed to have noticed this dignified, beautiful and quiet girl with his unique sharp eyes. Possessing the qualities to become a wise empress of the Qing Dynasty
On July 18 of this year, Emperor Yongzheng consecrated his fourth son, Hong, in the Second Palace of the Forbidden City (renamed Chonghua Palace after Hongli ascended the throne). Li and Fucha held a grand wedding ceremony. After the marriage, the young couple treated each other with sincerity and affection. After Emperor Qianlong came to the throne, he made her the Queen of the Central Palace in early December of the second year of Qianlong (1737). The registration ceremony was held on the fourth day.
In the sixth year of Yongzheng (1728), Hongli's eldest daughter was born on the second day of October.
In the eighth year of Yongzheng (1730), the eldest daughter was born on June 20th. The second son Yonglian was born in the ninth year of Yongzheng (1731), and the third daughter of Hongli was born in the thirteenth year of Yongzheng (1735). In the eighth month of the lunar month (that is, the day when Emperor Yongzheng died), she was conferred the title of empress by Yi's decree. On the fourth day of the twelfth month of the second year of Qianlong's reign (1737), the ceremony was held. In the eleventh year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong (1746), the seventh son of the emperor Yong Cong was born.
The successive deaths of his two sons completely disrupted her position. The Emperor ordered the Empress Dowager and Queen Xiaoxian to visit the Confucius Temple and climb Mount Tai. On February 24, the Eastern Inspection Team came to Qufu, Shandong Province and visited the famous Confucius Temple. The next day, a grand Buddhist ceremony was held at the Confucius Temple. During the laying ceremony, Confucius was also visited on this day.
On February 29, they also climbed Mount Taishan in Dongyue.
On the fourth day of March, we went to Jinan to visit Baotu Spring. On the sixth day of March, they visited Lixia Pavilion. On the seventh day of March, we visited Baotu Spring again. On the eighth day of March, Emperor Qianlong returned to Luan with the help of the Empress Dowager and embarked on the journey back to Beijing. On March 11, she abandoned her car and boarded a boat, and returned to Beijing by water along the canal. At midnight that night, Empress Xiaoxian died of illness on the boat at the age of only 37.
Emperor Qianlong immediately reported the news of the queen's death to the Empress Dowager. The Empress Dowager personally went to the Queen's ship to visit Empress Xiaoxian, "mourning for a long time." Emperor Qianlong ordered Prince Zhuang Yunlu and Prince Hongzhou to serve the Empress Dowager by boat and slowly return to the capital. He himself was in charge of the funeral of Empress Xiaoxian in Dezhou. On March 14, Emperor Qianlong escorted Empress Xiaoxian's Zi Palace to Tianjin. Yonghuang, the eldest son of the emperor, is here to welcome him.
Before March 16, Empress Xiaoxian's Zi Palace arrived in Tongzhou and temporarily settled in Ludian. In Beijing, all the princes and officials below and above the third rank gathered in Tongzhou. The princes offered wine and mourned in front of Empress Xiaoxian's Zi Palace. At Xuji that day, Empress Xiaoxian Zi Gong arrived in Beijing. Civil and military officials, princesses, princesses and below, ministers, officials, married women, and women under the leadership of the inner palace ministers gathered in separate classes and knelt down to welcome them.
Entering Cangzhen Gate from Donghua Gate, Feng'anzi Palace is located in the Changchun Palace where Queen Xiaoxian lived during her lifetime. On March 25, Queen Xiaoxian's Zi Palace was moved to the Guande Hall in Jingshan for a temporary rest. On March 22nd, the emperor personally assigned the posthumous title "Xiaoxian", and the posthumous title ceremony was held on May 21st.
In the seventeenth year of Qianlong's reign (1752), on October 27, the Yuling underground palace in Shuiyu, Ansheng was enshrined. After the Jiaqing and Daoguang dynasties, the posthumous title was added, and the full posthumous title was "Queen of Xiaoxian, Chengzhengdun, Muren, Huihui, Gongkangshunfu, Tianchang and Shengchun".
Extended information
First acquaintance with Qianlong
The memoirs of Xuan Hai, a descendant of the Fucha family, describe it this way: Suddenly one day, Prince Yong (Yongzheng) suddenly came to visit. Li Rongbao and his wife, the daughter couldn't avoid it, so they bowed and said hello. Prince Yong looked around the study room and saw that it was neat and simple, and the table was full of copied scriptures. I picked up one at random and looked at it. I praised the fine writing and strong writing power of the calligraphy.
He said: "This writing style has the spirit of Ouyang Xun and the style of Liu Gongquan. Whose pen is it from?" Li Rongbao pointed at Di Gege and said, "It is a clumsy girl who practices calligraphy." Prince Yong looked at where he was standing. The girl next to the lady is elegant and majestic. Prince Yong nodded and asked: "Gege, how old are you this year, and who is your disciple?" Prince Yong turned around and asked Li Rongbao, "Fumin, was he a Jinshi in the 36th year of Kangxi's reign, and was he a commoner?"
Li Rongbao replied: "Yes. Now I am at home, and he is my brother, so I ask my nephew to teach me." Prince Yong smiled and asked Gege again, what book he was reading, Gege answered fluently, and his voice was like a recital, and his conversation was Generous. Prince Yong was overjoyed and asked Li Rong to write it in person. Li Rongbao said: "You, Prince Yong, are a master of calligraphy. Even the emperor praised your prince's regular calligraphy. How dare your Tongya young pen make a fool of yourself in front of the prince."
Prince Yong said: "You are a wise man of the Fucha family. , it’s become cliche.” I saw Gege thinking a little, and wrote a five-character quatrain in tribute to the ancestor Kangxi, "Gubeikou": The broken mountain exceeds Gubei, and the stone wall opens far away. It is difficult to rely on physical victory, but it is not about danger but virtue. Prince Yong stood nearby and saw that Ge Ge was skillful in writing, her words were smooth and well-organized, and she kept saying "good". So I asked Princess if she could interpret the poetry of the Holy Ancestor.
Gege said: "The master has said it before, and I only know that the phrase 'virtue is not dangerous' comes from "Historical Records·The Biography of Sun Tzu Wu Qi". The Great Wall is dangerous and solid, and there is no good governance, no bright governance, and good rain Even natural dangers cannot stop me, Batulu, the Manchu. Only by being clear-minded, cultivating benevolence, morality, and enlightenment can we govern the world." Prince Yong nodded and praised Gege's intelligence. After Prince Yong returned to his residence, Uranala, the direct descendant of Fujin Province, came to talk to him.
At this time, the third elder brother Hongshi, the fourth elder brother Hongli, and the fifth elder brother Hongzhou also came to say hello. Prince Yong then took out the calligraphy that Li Rongbao's daughter had just written to commemorate the holy ancestor Kangxi and showed it to the three elder brothers. He said to them: "This calligraphy was written by a nine-year-old Princess. If you don't make progress, you can't make progress." Not even as good as a girl." Then he asked them about their studies and asked them to leave.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Queen Xiaoxian Chun