⑵ "Facing the left" sentence: Song Ben notes that "the tiger roars when walking, and the tiger roars when sitting". Tigers have many villains, which is a metaphor for the Anshi rebellion.
⑶ Tap water: The farewell song "Song of the Tap" of the Ancient Yuefu says: "Tap water, you cry. Looking at Qinchuan from afar, my heart and soul are broken. "
⑷ Yongmen Qin: The Qin played by Yong Men Zizhou, a famous drummer during the Warring States Period.
5. Two Rivers: Hebei Road and Henan Road in Tang Dynasty, that is, parts of Henan Province, Shandong Province, Hebei Province and Liaoning Province. This road was captured by An Lushan rebels in November of Tianbao 14th year.
[6] "Qin people": Qin people refer to the officials and people in Qin (now Shaanxi).
⑺ Thistle: Youzhou and Jizhou. In today's Beijing and Hebei areas.
Be a giant: This refers to An Lushan.
(9) Bolangsha: In the southeast of Yuanyang County, Henan Province.
⑽ Bleaching mother: an old woman who bleached clothes. This article uses Han Xin's allusions in Historical Records.
⑾ Habitat: Urgency and uneasiness.
⑿ Chen Hu: refers to the dust of An Shi Rebellion.
[13] 2,000 stones: refers to officials who are satrap and secretariat. The salary of county magistrate in Han Dynasty was 2000 stone, so it was called 2000 stone county magistrate.
[14] Liubo: an ancient opera. * * * There are twelve pieces, six black and six white.
⒂ Two follow-ups: Song Ben's Notes: A work "each pushes its own". Hu Ben wrote, "Everyone follows".
[14] Climb the dragon and attach the phoenix: This refers to your great opportunity.
Liyang: This is Liyang County, Jiangsu Province.
⒅ Mi Bai: that is, Mi Bai Ge, the name of Yuefu. Wu di dance music
Pet-name ruby: here, hammering an ox is killing it.
Love and blind date: that's called bosom friend. The whole poem is divided into three paragraphs. The first paragraph, from the beginning to "Arowana Flees to Peace", describes the atrocities of An Lushan's capture of Luoyang, the eastern capital, and the poet's thoughts and feelings of seeing the rivers and mountains broken, the country in peril, the loss of life and anxiety. This poem compares the rebels in An Lushan to a man-eating tiger. The poet was very anxious about the Anshi Rebellion and the precarious situation of the Tang Empire. He burst into tears, not because the sad tune of the ancient Yuefu song "Long head running water, choking after singing, looking at Qinchuan in the distance, heart and soul are broken" reminded him of his hometown; Nor did it touch his personal sadness because a master like Yong Men Zizhou, a musician in the Warring States period, played a sad and moving piano. But for national security and people's disaster. The following eight sentences describe the tragic situation of Hu Bing plundering Luoyang. The situation was chaotic, the country declined, and the people died. This is the reason why the poet was sad. "The colorful flags of the two rivers, the drums are loud, and the mountains are about to fall." During the Anshi Rebellion, Hebei Road and Henan Road successively fell and were occupied by the Hu people. After the Anshi Rebellion attacked Luoyang, the court sent general Gao Xianzhi to Shaanxi (now Sanmenxia City, Henan Province) to resist, and was defeated by the Anshi Rebellion and became an Anshi prisoner. Because his subordinates were mostly Guanzhong people (that is, Qin people) and Lushan's army was mostly Yan people, it was said that "Qin people were half Yan people's prisoners"; The eastern capital fell and Hu rode all over the suburbs, so there is a saying that "Hu Ma turned over Luoyang grass".
"One defeat, one defeat, leaving the army" refers to Gao Xianzhi's defeat in the Anshi Rebellion (hence the saying of "one defeat"). Hearing this great anger, Ming Chengzu ordered the eunuch Bian Lingcheng to behead Gao Xianzhi in the army. Gao Xianzhi retreated without a fight and retreated to Tongguan for the strategic consideration of defending Chang 'an. But Tang listened to the eunuch's slanderers and killed General Gancheng in a hurry. "Guanbing" refers to the troops retreating to Tongguan. In December of the first year of Zhide (756), Yan Gaoqing, the magistrate of Changshan, set out to fight for thieves, and all the seventeen counties in Hebei were owned by the court. Yan Gaoqing was captured by the Anshi Rebellion, and the counties in Hebei returned to the hands of thieves, so the cloud "turned against the evening." "Jicheng" refers to Youzhou and Jizhou (both in Hebei and Liaoning) to the north of Tanghe River. The Anshi Rebel Army is like a boulder in the sea, which has stirred the sea upside down and made the ichthyosaurs in the sea (referring to the soldiers and civilians in the Tang Dynasty) run restless. The so-called "giant rocks don't cut the sea, fish and dragons run for peace?" The first paragraph vividly depicts the scene of the enemy's raging flames, chaos in the world and the poet's anxiety after the fall of Luoyang.
The second paragraph is from "quite like Chu Han" to "shouting and throwing around the bed three times" This passage borrows the story that Sean and Han Xin have never met before, and expresses the poet's feeling that he is in troubled times and is not entrusted by a bad king. Although he had a general understanding of Wang Ba and tried to help the people, he had nowhere to put it to use, so he had to "flee to the south" with the fleeing crowd. The Anshi rebellion was fierce, and Luoyang, the eastern capital, quickly fell. The situation of the war is very similar to the struggle between Chu and Han, which is in a state of seesaw. This reminds Li Bai of the outstanding advisers and generals who decided the fate of the Han Dynasty in history-Sean and Han Xin. When they were not met by the monarch and the minister, their situation was similar to that of now. Sean hit the Bolangsha Vertebrae of Qin Shihuang, got on the passenger car by mistake, and was chased by Qin. He had to change his name and surname, fled to Pi (now Pi County, Jiangsu Province), met Huang Shigong under Pi, and awarded him the art of war. At first, Han Xin was humiliated by street hooligans in Huaiyin (now Huaiyin, Jiangsu). Without the idea of living, he went fishing at the gates. The old woman's food satisfied her hunger. Later, Han Xin went to the Han Dynasty, and Emperor Gaozu didn't reuse him at first. He fled on a moonlit night and played "Xiao He Chasing Han Xin under the Moon".
It is not surprising that wise men like Sean and Han Xin are still in trouble, while wise men like Emperor Gaozu still have doubts. Before the Anshi Rebellion broke out, Li Bai went to Youzhou alone to explore the truth of Anshi Rebellion. In 754 AD (the 13th year of Tianbao), he went to Chang 'an three times to report the Anshi Rebellion to the court, but Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was very groggy. Anyone who accused An Lushan of rebellion was sent to An Lushan. Therefore, Li Bai "did not dare to make the mistake of Longlin and fled south to avoid it." Legend has it that there is a scale under the dragon's neck. If he touches his scale, he will get angry and hurt people. This shows that the emperor is moody and doesn't like to listen to criticism, which shows that Xuanzong and Su Zong of Tang Dynasty are by no means wise kings and wise masters like Emperor Gaozu. In addition to being filled with indignation, the poet had to "put on a precious book and a jade sword, and spread the old friend with a golden saddle and a fine horse." On the surface, it looks broad-minded, but in fact it expresses deep resentment against the lack of talents in the imperial court. The poet had nothing to do, so he had to be a guest at Zhuangkemen. I have just been a guest in Xuancheng Taishou's house, and now I am a guest in Liyang. There is no place to express one's lofty aspirations. Only in the casino can a person make a hullabaloo about and express his resentment quickly.
The third paragraph is from "Zhang's every move in the beauty of Chu people" to the end of this poem. The first six sentences praise the talent and personality of Zhang Xu, a great calligrapher. The last six sentences are written at the banquet of Liyang Restaurant, guests and Zhang Xu. The last two sentences describe his mind and ambition of fishing in the East China Sea, expressing his unfulfilled ambition and still waiting for an opportunity to make contributions to the country. Zhang Xu is a good friend of Li Bai. While in Chang 'an, they traveled with He and Cui Zongzhi.
Zhang Xu is not only honored as a "sage of grass" for his good books, but also has great ambitions. "I don't know what happened in the world." "All three Wu Bangbo look in all directions, and heroes from all over the world follow" writes that he not only won the appreciation of the local prefect of Wu County, but also was admired by the national heroes. As Zhang Xu is a county commandant in Changshu, the poem compares him with Xiao He, the minister of the early Han Dynasty who was an official in Peixian County, saying that he will have a career in the future, when the wind and cloud will "climb the dragon and attach the phoenix". Although these words are wishes for Zhang Xu, they also have the meaning of the poet's self-expectation. After a few words, I pointed out the time and place of feasting with Zhang Xu and others, as well as the lively scenes of singing and dancing, drumming and drinking. Finally, I bid farewell to Zhang Xu and others, saying that I would like to go fishing in the East China Sea like the man of God in Zhuangzi, and display my ambition of saving the country and helping the poor.
The "big fish" that Ren Gongzi caught in "Zhuangzi Outhouse"-"Bai Bo is like a mountain, the sea shakes, the sound scares ghosts and gods, and fears thousands of miles" refers to the "giant eagle" that only shakes the sea at the beginning of the poem, or the "long whale" repeatedly mentioned in the poem. "Giant Ao" and "Long Whale" refer to many Anshi Rebellions in Li Bai's poems. Therefore, fishing in the East China Sea is a metaphor for finding opportunities to counter-insurgency and serve the country. Wang Qi once commented on this poem, saying: "It is consistent from beginning to end, with clear context and heroic spirit, leaving no trace."